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Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Judges
Acts
  • 30, 1959 by s. 2 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act; 1959 (Act XXX of 1959),
  • Bombay Vidarbha Region Agricultural Tenants (Protection from Eviction and Amendment of Tenancy Laws) Act, 1957.
  • s. 9 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960,
  • s. 39 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) Act, 1958.
  • SECTION 106 TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT
  • provisions of s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act
  • s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act
  • sub-s. (1) of s. 39 of the Tenancy Act
  • TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT 1882
  • Section 5 of the Tenancy Act
  • provisions of sub-section (2),
  • sub-section (2) of section 36
  • s. 132 of the Tenancy Act,
  • Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960
  • Sub-section (1) of s. 39,
  • section 9, 19 or 38
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Cites
Cited by
Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Judges
Acts
  • 30, 1959 by s. 2 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act; 1959 (Act XXX of 1959),
  • Bombay Vidarbha Region Agricultural Tenants (Protection from Eviction and Amendment of Tenancy Laws) Act, 1957.
  • s. 9 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960,
  • s. 39 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) Act, 1958.
  • SECTION 106 TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT
  • provisions of s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act
  • s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act
  • sub-s. (1) of s. 39 of the Tenancy Act
  • TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT 1882
  • Section 5 of the Tenancy Act
  • provisions of sub-section (2),
  • sub-section (2) of section 36
  • s. 132 of the Tenancy Act,
  • Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960
  • Sub-section (1) of s. 39,
  • section 9, 19 or 38
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The land in dispute was leased to the petitioner for the year 1958–1959. On April 15, 1959 opponent No. 4 (the opponent) gave the petitioner a notice terminating his tenancy with effect from April 30, 1959. On April 22, 1959 the opponent applied for possession of the land under s. 39 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) Act, 1958. The Tahsildar ordered that possession be given to the opponent. That order was confirmed on appeal by the Sub-Divisional Officer and in revision by the Revenue Tribunal. The petitioner challenged these orders, and Mr. Manohar appearing for the petitioner raised two principal points before the court.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the opponent's application for possession was premature because it was made before the petitioner's tenancy had been terminated (i.e., made before April 30, 1959).
  2. Whether the notice terminating the tenancy was invalid because, in the absence of a prescribed notice period in s. 39(1) of the Tenancy Act, s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act (requiring six months' notice for agricultural leases) applied and required six months' notice.

Arguments of the Parties

Petitioner's Arguments (Mr. Manohar)

  • The application for possession was premature because it was made before the tenancy was terminated on April 30, 1959.
  • The notice terminating the tenancy was invalid because s. 39(1) of the Tenancy Act does not prescribe a period of notice and therefore s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act (six months' notice for agricultural leases) should apply; since six months' notice was not given, the notice is invalid.

Opponent's Position (as recorded)

  • It was conceded (by the opponent) that an application for possession could have been made after April 30, 1959 and that the last date for making such an application, at the relevant time, was September 30, 1959; accordingly, no prejudice was caused to the petitioner by the application having been entertained before April 30, 1959.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The court addressed the two points raised by Mr. Manohar sequentially.

  1. Prematurity of the application: The court noted the concession that the opponent could have applied after April 30, 1959 and that the last date for making an application under s. 39(1) (as originally enacted) had been March 31, 1959, later extended to September 30, 1959 by the 1959 Amendment. Because the relevant last date for filing was September 30, 1959 at the relevant time, the court concluded that no prejudice was caused to the petitioner by entertaining the application before April 30, 1959.
  2. Validity and required period of notice: The court examined the text of sub-section (1) of s. 39, noting that it permits a landlord who meets certain conditions to terminate a tenancy "by giving to the tenant a notice in writing and making an application for possession as provided in sub-section (2) of section 36" within the prescribed time. The court also referred to s. 5 of the Tenancy Act, which makes Chapter V of the Transfer of Property Act applicable to such tenancies insofar as it is not inconsistent with the Tenancy Act; s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act prescribes six months' notice for agricultural leases in the absence of contract or local law.

    The court rejected the petitioner's contention that s. 106 applied here. It held that s. 106 applies only in the absence of a local law, and that sub-s. (1) of s. 39 is the relevant local law. Because sub-s. (1) of s. 39 does not prescribe any specific period of notice but only requires a notice in writing followed by an application for possession, that requirement has been complied with. The court further reasoned that if s. 106 were held to apply, landlords would in many cases have been unable to avail themselves of s. 39(1) because of the timing of the commencement of the Tenancy Act and subsequent amendments; this supported the view that s. 106 was not intended to apply in such cases.

On this basis the court endorsed the view of the Revenue Tribunal that sub-s. (1) of s. 39 requires only a notice in writing to the tenant followed by an application for possession under sub-s. (2) of s. 36.

Holding and Implications

Rule discharged.

Holding: The court discharged the rule challenging the possession order. It held that (a) the opponent's application for possession was not prejudicially premature in the circumstances, and (b) s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act (six months' notice) does not apply to tenancies terminated under sub-section (1) of s. 39 of the Tenancy Act; sub-s. (1) requires only a notice in writing followed by an application for possession as provided in sub-s. (2) of s. 36.

Implications: The direct effect is that the challenge to the possession order failed and the Revenue Tribunal's view was upheld. The opinion does not state any broader precedent beyond affirming the interpretation of s. 39(1) in the circumstances before the court.

    Zadba Sadashiv Balpande v. The Maharashtra Revenue Tribunal

    Chainani, C.J:— The land in dispute in this case was leased to the petitioner for the year 1958–1959. On April 15, 1959, opponent No. 4 (hereinafter referred to as the opponent) gave a notice to the petitioner, terminating his tenancy with effect from April 30,1959. On April 22, 1959, the opponent made an application for obtaining possession of the land under s. 39 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) Act, 1958. The Tahsildar made an order of possession of the land being given to the opponent. That order was confirmed in appeal by the Sub-Divisional Officer and in revision by the Revenue Tribunal.

    2. Mr. Manohar, who appears on behalf of the petitioner, has raised two points. He has first urged that the application for possession was premature, as it was made by the opponent even before the petitioner's tenancy had been terminated.

    3. It is, however, conceded that the opponent could have made an application for possession after April 30, 1959, for the last date for making an application for possession, at the relevant time, was September 30, 1959. No prejudice has, therefore, been caused to the petitioner by the application made by the opponent being entertained before April 30, 1959.

    4. The next point, which Mr. Monohar has raised, is that the notice given to the petitioner terminating his tenancy is not valid. Sub-section (1) of s. 39, under which the opponent had made his application, is in the following terms:

    “(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 9, 19 or 38 but subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), a landlord who holds an area not exceeding a family holding, may terminate such tenancy created by him not earlier than the first day of April 1957 as could have been terminated but for the provisions of the Bombay Vidarbha Region Agricultural Tenants (Protection from Eviction and Amendment of Tenancy Laws) Ordinance, 1957 or the Bombay Vidarbha Region Agricultural Tenants (Protection from Eviction and Amendment of Tenancy Laws) Act, 1957, by giving to the tenant a notice in writing and making an application for possession as provided in sub-section (2) of section 36 within one year from the date of the commencement of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960 if he bona fide requires the land for cultivating it personally.”

    5. The Ordinance referred to in this sub-section was repealed by the Bombay Vidarbha Region Agricultural Tenants (Protection from Eviction and Amendment of Tenancy Laws) Act, 1957. The latter Act was repealed by s. 132 of the Tenancy Act, which came into force on December 30, 1958. The Act as it originally stood specified March 31, 1959 as the last date for making an application under the said sub-s. (1) of s. 39. This date was extended upto September 30, 1959 by s. 2 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act; 1959 (Act XXX of 1959), which came into force on May 4, 1959. The words “within one year from the date of the commencement of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960” were substituted for the words and figures “before the 30th day of September 1959” by s. 9 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Vidarbha Region and Kutch Area) (Amendment) Act, 1960, which came into force on January 28, 1961.

    6. The sub-section as it originally stood or in its amended form does not prescribe any period of notice. It only states that the tenancy may be terminated by giving to the tenant a notice in writing and making an application for possession. Section 5 of the Tenancy Act states that the provisions of Chapter V of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, shall, in so far as they are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Tenancy Act, apply to the tenancies and leases of lands, to which this Act applies. Section 106 of the Transfer of Property Act states that in the absence of a contract or local law or usage to the contrary, a lease of immoveable property for agricultural purposes shall be deemed to be a lease from year to year, terminable, on the part of either lessor or lessee, by six months' notice expiring with the end of a year of the tenancy. Mr. Manohar has contended that s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act applies in the present case in regard to the period of notice, as sub-s. (1) of s. 39 of the Tenancy Act does not provide for any period of notice, and that consequently the opponent should have given six months' notice to the petitioner for terminating his tenancy. As no such notice was given, he has argued that the notice given by the opponent is invalid. There is no force in this argument. The provisions of s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act apply only in the absence of any local law. The relevant local law, sub-s. (1) of s. 39 does not provide for any period of notice. All that it requires is that the tenant should be given a notice in writing. That requirement has been complied with.

    7. As stated above, the last date for making an application under sub-s. (1) of s. 39 originally was March 31, 1959. If Mr. Manohar's argument is accepted, no landlord could have availed himself of this provision, because it was not possible for him to give six months' notice after it came into force on December 30, 1958 and before March 31, 1959. He could not also have given six months' notice under the section as amended in 1959, because the amending Act came into force on May 4, 1959, i.e less than five months before September 30, 1959, the last date then fixed for making an application under the section. It is, therefore, obvious that s. 106 of the Transfer of Property Act was not intended to apply in such cases.

    8. The view taken by the Revenue Tribunal that all that is required under sub-s. (1) of s. 39 for terminating a tenancy of the nature referred to in this sub-section is a notice in writing to the tenant followed by an application for possession as provided in sub-s. (2) of s. 36, is therefore correct.

    9. Rule discharged.

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    Zadba Sadashiv Balpande v. The Maharashtra Revenue Tribunal
    (Mar 11, 1964)