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Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Attorney(S)
Judges
Acts
  • Section 81(3), 81(5), 81(6), 82(2), 82(4) and 82-B(1) and 82-B(2) of Gold (Control) Act, 1968
  • Rule 9(2), the said rules; The Act (purpose intended to be served)
  • Section 35-L(b) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944
  • Section 35-B(2) and 35-B(4), 35-B(5), 35-E(2), 35-E(4), 35-G(1) and 35-G(2) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944
  • the rules framed therein were to carry out the purposes of the Act
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Cites
Cited by
Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Attorney(S)
Judges
Acts
  • Section 81(3), 81(5), 81(6), 82(2), 82(4) and 82-B(1) and 82-B(2) of Gold (Control) Act, 1968
  • Rule 9(2), the said rules; The Act (purpose intended to be served)
  • Section 35-L(b) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944
  • Section 35-B(2) and 35-B(4), 35-B(5), 35-E(2), 35-E(4), 35-G(1) and 35-G(2) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944
  • the rules framed therein were to carry out the purposes of the Act
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The Assistant Collector, Central Excise, had disallowed certain abatements claimed by an assessee. The Collector (Appeals) set aside that adjudication order on 14 August 1986. The Department, acting through the Assistant Collector (Tribunal & Review), filed an appeal before the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal (CEGAT). The appeal was supported by a general authorisation dated 24 September 1986 issued by the Collector of Central Excise, Calcutta-II.

On 10 November 1987 the Tribunal dismissed the Department’s appeal on the sole ground that it did not comply with Rule 9(2) of the CEGAT (Procedure) Rules, 1982; according to the Tribunal, the authorisation produced was too general and did not refer to the specific officer filing the appeal.

The Department invoked Section 35-L(b) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944, and brought the present appeal before the Supreme Court, challenging the Tribunal’s dismissal order.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the appeal filed by the Department before the Tribunal complied with Rule 9(2) of the CEGAT (Procedure) Rules, 1982, so as to be maintainable.
  2. Whether the Tribunal erred in dismissing the Department’s appeal on the ground of alleged non-compliance with the documentary requirements of Rule 9.

Arguments of the Parties

Appellant (Department)

  • The general authorisation dated 24 September 1986 empowered the Assistant Collector (Tribunal & Review) to file appeals, and was sufficient compliance with Rule 9(2).
  • Notes recorded by the Collector on 4 December 1986 showed specific application of mind to the merits of this very appeal, satisfying the purpose of Rule 9(2).

Respondent (Assessee)

  • Through counsel Dr. Pal, it was contended that Rule 9(2) demands a specific and not a general authorisation; the Tribunal was correct in insisting on strict compliance.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Union of India v. Bombay Tyre International, (1984) 1 SCC 467; 1984 17 ELT 329 (SC) Referenced in the Collector’s notes as authority questioning the legality of the Collector (Appeals)’s order on abatements. Not relied on in deciding the procedural issue; mentioned only as background material.
Godfrey Philips (India) Ltd. case, (1985) 4 SCC 369 Examined by the Collector to evaluate whether an appeal on classification issues ought to be filed. Not applied by the Supreme Court; cited only in the internal departmental file notes reproduced in the judgment.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court identified the objective of Rule 9(2) as ensuring two things: (a) that the Collector had applied his mind to the desirability of filing an appeal, and (b) that the appeal was instituted by a person duly authorised by him, so as to prevent frivolous litigation by the Department.

It found that the general authorisation of 24 September 1986, coupled with the specific notes recorded on 4 December 1986 regarding this matter, satisfied both objectives. The Court rejected the Tribunal’s restrictive construction of Rule 9(2), holding that such a “strained construction” would defeat the very purpose of the Rules as well as the Act they implement.

Consequently, the Court concluded that the appeal before the Tribunal was competently instituted and should not have been dismissed on procedural grounds.

Holding and Implications

The Supreme Court set aside the Tribunal’s order dated 10 November 1987 and remanded the matter to the Tribunal for decision on the merits.

Immediate effect: the Department’s appeal is reinstated and must now be heard on substantive issues. Broader implication: the decision clarifies that a general authorisation, accompanied by demonstrable application of mind by the Collector, constitutes sufficient compliance with Rule 9(2) of the CEGAT (Procedure) Rules, thereby preventing technical dismissals of departmental appeals in similar circumstances.

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    Collector Of Central Excise, Calcutta v. Berger Paints India Ltd. .

    Sabyasachi Mukharji, C.J— This is an appeal under Section 35-L(b) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944 (hereinafter called ‘the Act’). The appeal by the appellant before the Tribunal was dismissed on the ground that provisions of Rule 9(2) of the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal (Procedure) Rules, 1982 had not been complied with. The documents which are to accompany the memorandum of appeal are prescribed by Rule 9 of the said rules which provides as follows:

    “9.(1) Every memorandum of appeal shall be filed in quadruplicate and shall be accompanied by four copies (at least one of which shall be a certified copy) of the order appealed against and where such order is an order passed in appeal or revision, four copies (at least one of which shall be a certified copy) of the order appealed against and where such order is an order passed in appeal or revision, four copies (at least one of which shall be a certified copy) also of the order of the adjudicating authority.
    (2) In an appeal filed under the direction of the Collector or the Administrator, the memorandum of appeal shall also be accompanied by an attested copy of the order containing such direction.”

    2. The Tribunal was of the opinion that the purpose and the spirit of Rule 9(2) aforesaid was to ensure that the appeal was authorised by the Collector to be filed. Our attention was drawn to the authority in the instant case, which was annexed to the further affidavit filed in these proceedings. The said authority dated September 24, 1986 read as follows:

    “I hereby authorise Assistant Collector (Tribunal and Review), Collectorate of Central Excise, Calcutta II, Calcutta, to act on my behalf in the matter of filing appeal/applications/cross-objections/statement of reference before the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) appellate Tribunal/Collector (Appeals) in terms of Section 35-B(2) and 35-B(4), 35-B(5), 35-E(2), 35-E(4), 35-G(1) and 35-G(2) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944 and Section 81(3), 81(5), 81(6), 82(2), 82(4) and 82-B(1) and 82-B(2) of Gold (Control) Act, 1968.”

    3. Pursuant to this authority the appeal was filed, and our attention was also drawn to the orders passed by the Collector in respect of this specific appeal. The relevant portion of the same may be noted from the order sheet. The note dated December 4, 1986 reads as follows:

    “Under the O/A dt. August 14, 1986 as at page — 19.C, Collector (Appeals) has set aside the O/O) of the Divisional A.C (Vide P-197.C of linked file marked F/A). In the O/O the AC, CE, Howrah, South Division has disallowed abatement on account of (1) Special Rebate on Addl. Trade Discount and (2) cost of secondary packing purported to be used for protection and to facilitate transportation for reasons stated in detail in the adjudication order.
    Collector (Appeals) has, however, allowed the assessee's appeal on the ground that arguments put forward by the Assistant Collector for disallowing the party's claim as not tenable.
    In view of Supreme Court's judgment dated October 7, 1983 in the case of Union of India v. Bombay Tyre International (1984) 1 SCC 467, and clarificatory order dated November 14/15, 1983, (1984) 17 ELT 329 (SC) it appears that the O/A passed by the Collector (Appeals) is not legal and proper and appeal to CEGAT against the same may be considered. The arguments advanced by the Assistant Collector in her O/O dated February 28, 1986 (pages 161-197.C of linked file) portions marked ‘X’ & ‘Y’ at pages 171-73 and 163-65.C of linked file may very well form our grounds of appeal as well.
    Submitted for consideration please.”

    4. Thereafter, it appears that the Collector desired to have a look on the judgment in Godfrey Philip case (1985) 4 SCC 369 and following are the orders noted by the Collector:

    “Godfrey Philips judgement (1985) 4 SCC 369 of the Supreme Court may be perused in ELT placed below. (p. — 306 of Oct. 1985 issue).”
    “Seen the judgment. This judgment covers a different material namely cigarette. For a classification from CEGAT. We can appeal on this issue. However, Collector may kindly see the side linked portions of page 323 of the book.”

    5. The Tribunal was of the opinion that there was nothing in the rules to justify acceptance of the kind of general authorisation or the notesheet orders which authorised filing of appeal without referring to a specified officer as being in consonance with Rule 9(2) of the said rules.

    6. Having regard to the purpose of these rules as we conceive it, namely, to ensure that there was an application of mind to the points in respect of which the question for filing an appeal arose and that the appeal was duly authorised by the Collector, and was filed by the person authorised by the Collector in order to ensure that frivolous and unnecessary appeals are not filed, we are of the opinion that in the present context and in view of the terms of the rules and the purpose intended to be served, the appeal was competent and was duly filed in compliance with the procedure as enjoined by the rules. It has to be borne in mind that the rules framed therein were to carry out the purposes of the Act. By reading the rules in the manner canvassed by Dr Pal, counsel for the respondent, before us which had prevailed over the Tribunal, in our opinion, would defeat the purposes of the rules. The language of the relevant section and the rules as we have noticed, do not warrant such a strained construction.

    7. In the aforesaid view of the matter we are of the opinion that the Tribunal was in error in dismissing the appeal on the ground that it did. In the premises, the judgment and order of the Tribunal cannot be sustained. We accordingly set aside the judgment and order of the Tribunal dated November 10, 1987. Inasmuch as, however, the Tribunal has not disposed of the appeal on merits, we remand the matter to the Tribunal for consideration of the appeal on merits and in accordance with law. The appeal herein is disposed of as aforesaid.

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    Collector Of Central Excise, Calcutta v. Berger Paints India Ltd. .
    (Mar 19, 1990)