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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The matters arise out of a large‐scale recruitment process conducted by the Uttar Pradesh Police Recruitment Board. Multiple groups of candidates approached the Supreme Court raising distinct grievances:

  • Some applicants alleged that defective electronic “chips” used during the Physical Efficiency Test (PET) led to their exclusion from the further stages of the recruitment.
  • Another set of petitions questioned the correctness of certain questions and answer keys used in the written examination.
  • Additional petitions concerned candidates who were allowed to participate as members of reserved categories but were later rejected for producing caste or domicile certificates after the stipulated date.
  • Two contempt petitions asserted non-compliance with an earlier Supreme Court order that had directed the State to accommodate 809 “whitener category” candidates without displacing anyone already selected.

All applications, transferred cases, and contempt petitions were heard together. The Court passed a composite order disposing of each cluster with specific directions.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the allegation of faulty PET chips justifies re-consideration of the affected candidates’ results.
  2. How disputes regarding allegedly wrong questions or incorrect answer keys should be adjudicated.
  3. Whether candidates who submitted caste/domicile certificates after the cut-off date may still be allowed to participate in the recruitment.
  4. Whether the State has complied with the Court’s earlier mandate to treat 809 “whitener category” candidates—and 213 similarly situated persons—as additional vacancies without displacing others.

Arguments of the Parties

Applicants/Petitioners

  • Faulty electronic chips corrupted their PET timing, depriving them of a fair opportunity to qualify for the written examination.
  • Certain examination questions and answer keys were demonstrably wrong, requiring correction and re-evaluation.
  • They had already been permitted to compete as reserved-category candidates and should not be penalised for late submission of original certificates.
  • The State has not fully implemented the Court’s prior order concerning the 809 “whitener category” vacancies.

State of Uttar Pradesh

  • Although some chips were faulty, CCTV verification ensured that no injustice was caused to the complainants.
  • The 809 vacancies form part of the 4010 already notified vacancies, and accommodating them requires no additional posts.
  • The State is willing to comply with any clarification issued by the Court, subject to completion of “codal formalities.”

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
2017 SCC OnLine All 2716; (2017) 3 All LJ 565 (Allahabad High Court) Guidelines on resolving disputes over wrong questions/answer keys in recruitment examinations. The Expert Committee must consider the petitioners’ grievances “in the light of” this judgment while reaching its decision.
Order dated 30-11-2017, 2017 SCC OnLine SC 1579 Directed accommodation of 809 “whitener category” candidates without displacing existing selectees. Forms the basis of the contempt petitions; Court reiterates that no candidate shall be displaced and extends the principle to 213 similarly situated candidates.
Hanuman Dutt Shukla v. State of U.P., (2018) 16 SCC 447 (order dated 19-1-2016) Clarified that inclusion of additional candidates should not result in displacement of others. Cited to reject the State’s submission that the 809 candidates are part of the 4010 notified vacancies; the Court holds they constitute additional vacancies.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

Faulty PET chips: The Court, noting the passage of time (“much water has flown down the bridge”), declined to reopen the merits and found no further orders necessary.

Wrong questions / answer keys: All such disputes are to be referred “forthwith” to an Expert Committee, expanded to include three additional specialists (one in Hindi). The Committee’s decision shall be final and confined in its benefit to candidates who have actually raised objections. The Committee must finish its work within three weeks.

Delayed caste/domicile certificates: Recognising that the candidates’ category status existed before the cut-off date and only documentary proof was delayed, the Court allowed those before it (or before the High Court) to submit original certificates within three weeks, after which they “shall be entitled to participate in the selection process.”

Contempt regarding 809 vacancies: Relying on the earlier orders, the Court held that 809 “whitener category” vacancies, plus 213 similarly situated candidates, are to be treated as additional vacancies. These 213 candidates are to be sent for training immediately, without scope for changing their cadre from Sub-Inspector to Platoon Commander. The State may file a comprehensive affidavit within three weeks.

Holding and Implications

DISPOSED OF with specific directions.

All applications, transferred cases, and contempt petitions were disposed of, subject to the directions summarised above. The decision:

  • Leaves the faulty PET-chip applicants without further relief.
  • Channels answer-key disputes to an Expert Committee whose decision will be final.
  • Permits certain candidates to validate their reserved-category status belatedly and remain in the recruitment process.
  • Ensures immediate training for 213 additional candidates, reinforcing the non-displacement principle established in earlier orders.

The order primarily affects the ongoing Uttar Pradesh police recruitment exercise and does not establish a generally applicable legal precedent beyond reiterating previously stated principles on non-displacement and expert review of examination disputes.

    Alok Kumar Singh And Others v. State Of Uttar Pradesh And Others

    Order

    IA No. 76673 of 2017 in SLP (C) No. 16432 of 2017 and IA No. 138528 of 2017 in TC No. 83 of 2017

    1. Heard the learned counsel appearing for the applicants and the learned Additional Advocate General of the State of U.P.

    2. The complaint is that they were provided faulty chips during the physical efficiency test but the learned counsel appearing for the State submit that though the chips were faulty a further verification through the CCTV footage was conducted and, therefore, no injustice has been done to the applicants. In any case they have not been permitted to participate in the written examination. Since much water has flown down the bridge, we do not find it appropriate to consider the matter on merits at this stage.

    3. Accordingly, no further orders are required in these applications.

    Diary No. 6207 of 2018, TCs (C) Nos. 70, 77, 79, 81, 86, 101, 108, 137-38, 143, 150, 163, 175, 182 and 243 of 2017, IA No. 112153 of 2018 in SLP (C) No. 16723 of 2017, IAs Nos. 66093 and 116082 of 2017 both in SLP (C) No. 16432 of 2017, IA No. 64944 of 2017 in SLP (C) No. 16432 of 2017

    4. These petitions/applications pertain to dispute on the question either being wrong or key answer otherwise being incorrect. We find that some of them have already gone to the High Court and some petitions are pending in the High Court.

    5. All these petitions/applications are disposed of, if not already disposed of, with the following directions:

    5.1. The disputes raised in these petitions/applications shall be referred to an Expert Committee forthwith and the Expert Committee shall consider the same and take an appropriate decision, in the light also of the judgment/orders passed 2017 SCC OnLine All 2716, (2017) 3 All LJ 565 by the High Court. This exercise shall be completed within three weeks.

    5.2. We make it clear that the decision thus taken by the Expert Committee shall be final. It is further made clear that benefit, if any, accruing from the decision of the Expert Committee shall be limited only to those petitioners/applicants/interveners/respondents, who have raised such a challenge. The Expert Committee shall also include three special experts, one of whom shall be expert in Hindi language, in addition to those who constituted the original committee, in case those persons are available.

    5.3. All the petitioners/applicants/interveners/respondents are directed to serve an additional copy of the petition to the Secretary, Police Recruitment Board, positively within one week from today.

    5.4. The Committee shall also examine the grievance regarding non-evaluation of any answers, in case they have raised such issues in Court.

    TCs (C) Nos. 84, 96, 115, 177, 248, 280 and 291 of 2017

    6. These petitions/applications pertain to certain disputes on the non-production of the caste certificate/domicile certificate within time. It is the case of the candidates that they had forwarded certain information, which has been found to be insufficient and they were required to produce fresh certificate/original certificate, etc. It is also submitted that at the initial stages, they were permitted to participate in the process on the basis that they belong to a particular reserved category.

    7. One can understand that a person acquires a qualification after the cut-off date and claims he/she is qualified. That is not the case here. It is a case where a person belongs to a particular category and that certificate is produced belatedly and their candidature had already been scrutinised on the basis of the particulars already furnished by the candidate that he/she belonged to a particular category.

    8. In such circumstances, we are of the view that such candidates, in case they produce the original certificate, as required by the Selection Board regarding their caste or domicile within three weeks from today before the Recruitment Board, they shall be entitled to participate in the selection process. Ordered accordingly. We make it clear that this order is limited only to those candidates who are before this Court or before the High Court as on date. The transferred cases are, accordingly, disposed of.

    Contempt Petition No. 972 of 2018 in SLP (C) No. 10468 of 2018 and Contempt Petition No. 1200 of 2018 in TC (C) No. 58 of 2017

    9. The grievance of the petitioners in these contempt petitions is that the order dated 30-11-2017 2017 SCC OnLine SC 1579 has not been complied with.

    10. Mr V. Shekhar, learned Senior Counsel and Ms Aishwarya Bhati, learned Additional Advocate General for the State of U.P. submit that 809 vacancies should be part of 4010 vacancies notified for selection.

    11. We find it difficult to appreciate the submission, since it has been made clear in the order of this Court dated 19-1-2016 in Hanuman Dutt Shukla v. State of U.P. (2018) 16 SCC 447 that on account of accommodation of 809 candidates in the whitener category, nobody should be displaced. There is no dispute that 213 candidates (24 + 189) are similarly situated, therefore, these 213 candidates are also to be treated as additional vacancies for all purposes and they shall be sent for training forthwith.

    12. The learned counsel for the State submits that in view of the clarification, as above, the candidates will be immediately sent for training, subject to codal formalities. We also make it clear that on account of the implementation of this order, no representation for change in the category (i.e. from Sub-Inspector to Platoon Commander) shall be entertained.

    13. The affidavit which is directed to be filed is not in the final shape and hence we permit the State to file it within three weeks from today. List all these matters on 11-9-2018 at 2.00 p.m.

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    Alok Kumar Singh And Others v. State Of Uttar Pradesh And Others
    (Aug 14, 2018)