IN THE MATTER OF LEONARD v. PRADHAN

ORDERED that the final order is reversed, on the law, without costs or disbursements, the petition is granted, the designating petition is invalidated, and the matter is remitted to the Rockland County Board of Elections to remove the name of Vijayendranath P. Pradhan from the appropriate ballot.

As a general rule, where it is shown by clear and convincing evidence, "a candidate's designating petition will be invalidated on the ground that some signatures have been obtained by fraud only if there is a showing that the entire designating petition is `permeated with fraud'" (Matter of MacDougall v. Board of Elections of City of N.Y., 133 A.D.2d 198, quoting Matter of Ferraro v. McNab, 60 N.Y.2d 601, 603). Where, as here, the candidate himself, as a subscribing witness, has participated in the fraud, the petition should be invalidated even if there is a sufficient number of valid signatures independent of those fraudulently procured (see, Matter of MacDougall v. Board of Elections of City of N.Y., supra, at 198).