SELDON v. BRUNO

Upon our independent review of the record (cf., Weckstein v Breitbart, 111 A.D.2d 6, 8), it is clear that the IAS Court properly determined, without a hearing (see, Matter of Minister of Refm. Prot. Dutch Church v. 198 Broadway, 76 N.Y.2d 411, 413, n), that plaintiff pro se's conduct was frivolous, and there is no reason to disturb the exercise of discretion as to either the imposition of sanctions or the amount awarded. We have considered plaintiff's other arguments and find them to be without merit.

Concur — Carro, J.P., Rosenberger, Wallach, Kupferman and Tom, JJ.