KEOGH v. CONNOLLY

A fair interpretation of the evidence supports the trial court's finding that the 1971 by-law provision giving the Church of St. Mary the right to "endorse" or "withdraw endorsement" of the directors of the three subject private not-for-profit corporations was properly adopted by the Corporations and was valid ( see, Richstone v Q-Med, Inc., 186 AD2d 354; Soam Corp. v Tram Co., 202 AD2d 162, 163, lv denied 83 NY2d 758). Any attempt to amend or adopt by-laws in a manner that violates the certificate of incorporation of a not-for-profit corporation is null and void ( see, N-PCL 602 [b], [c], [f]). Plaintiffs' numerous attempts to repudiate the right of the pastor of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church to endorse or withdraw endorsement of the Corporations' directors were in direct violation of the 1968 Certificate of Secretary, which was made binding upon the Corporations and incorporated by reference into each of their certificates of incorporation as an instrument or undertaking "necessary to enable the companies to secure the benefits of financing with the assistance of mortgage insurance under the provisions of the National Housing Act." Plaintiffs' argument that the trial court violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment of the US Constitution by enforcing the 1971 by-laws is without merit ( see, Tilton v Richardson, 403 US 672; Hunt v McNair, 413 US 734; Roemer v Maryland Pub. Works Bd., 426 US 736). Plaintiffs' remaining arguments have been considered and also found to be without merit.