JMD HOLDING CORP. v. CONGRESS FIN. CORP

Since the liquidated damages clauses upon which appellant lender relies purport to entitle it to sums disproportionate to its potential damages, and the amount of actual principal and interest owed by the borrower under the agreement is precisely ascertainable, the motion court properly found the liquidated damages clauses unenforceable as exacting a penalty (see Truck Rent-A-Center, Inc. v. Puritan Farms 2nd, Inc., 41 N.Y.2d 420, 423 — 424; Vernitron Corp. v. CF 48 Assocs., 104 A.D.2d 409). In view of the circumstance that plaintiff was not obligated under the revolving loan agreement to borrow any sums, much less to do so at any particular time, it is entirely speculative whether early termination of the loan functioned to deprive appellant of interest income. Finally, given the language of the loan agreement and plaintiff's repayment of the loan, the motion court properly found that appellant was not entitled to retain plaintiff's cash reserve.

We have reviewed appellant's remaining arguments and find them unavailing.

THIS CONSTITUTES THE DECISION AND ORDER OF THE SUPREME COURT, APPELLATE DIVISION, FIRST DEPARTMENT.