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Pepsico India Holdings Pvt. Ltd. v. Commr. Of C. Ex. & S.T., Chandigarh-I
Summary of Opinion (Order per Rakesh Kumar, Member (T))
Factual and Procedural Background
The appellants are manufacturers of salted potato chips sold in retail packs under the brand name "Lays". They classified the product under Tariff Heading No. 2005 20 00 (potatoes prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid, not frozen) and claimed full duty exemption under Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (Sl. No. 22) which prescribes a nil rate of duty for goods of Chapter 20. The department contended that the goods are classifiable under Tariff Heading No. 2106 90 99 as "other food preparations not elsewhere specified or included" and that they fall under Sl. No. 30 of Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (ready-to-eat packaged food) attracting an 8% duty.
After issuance of a show cause notice, the Commissioner issued an order-in-original dated 25-10-2013 confirming a duty demand of Rs. 35,75,01,970/- with interest under Section 11AB and imposed an equal amount as penalty under Rule 25 of the Central Excise Rules read with Section 11AC of the Central Excise Act, 1944. The Commissioner invoked the extended period under the proviso to Section 11A(1). The appellants filed this appeal against that order and sought interim relief (stay and waiver of pre-deposit).
Legal Issues Presented
- Whether the fried and salted potato wafers packaged for retail sale are classifiable under sub-heading No. 2005 20 00 (Chapter 20) or under Heading No. 2106 90 99 as "other food preparations not elsewhere specified or included".
- If classified under Chapter 20, whether the goods are exempt from duty under Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (Sl. No. 22) which covers all goods of Chapter 20 at a nil rate.
- Alternatively, if classified under Heading No. 2106 90 99, whether the goods nevertheless qualify as "namkeens" covered by Sl. No. 29 of Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (nil rate), or whether they fall under Sl. No. 30 (ready-to-eat packaged food attracting 8% duty).
- Whether the appellants should be granted waiver of pre-deposit and a stay of recovery pending hearing of the appeal.
Arguments of the Parties
Appellant's Arguments
- The appellants classified the product under Heading No. 2005 20 00 and relied on Board's Circular No. 6/88 (dated 18-2-1988) that potato wafers are classifiable under Chapter 20 due to Chapter Note and because Chapter 20 is more specific than the residuary Heading in Chapter 21.
- They argued that the 8-digit tariff effective from 1-1-2005 does not alter the scope of Chapter 20 materially vis-à-vis the earlier Chapter 20 and therefore the Board's Circular remains applicable.
- Cited Shriya Enterprises v. Commissioner ((2012) 51 VST 413, Uttarakhand) where the High Court held potato chips to be processed vegetables covered by the processed-vegetable entry rather than a residuary heading; asserted that this ratio is squarely applicable.
- Alternatively, even if classified under Heading 2106 90 99, the appellants contended the goods are "namkeens" and thus exempt under Sl. No. 29 of Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (nil rate).
- They relied on Board's Circular No. 841/18/06-EX (6-12-2006) clarifying that namkeens covered by Sl. No. 29 remain exempt even if packaged; contended that the Commissioner ignored this circular.
- Referred to Tribunal decisions (CCE, Indore v. Hello Agro Foods Ltd. and Collector of Central Excise, Bombay v. Indian Organic Chemicals Ltd.) to support classification and exemption contentions.
- On the basis of these points, contended they have a strong prima facie case and sought waiver of pre-deposit and stay of recovery pending the appeal.
Respondent's (Revenue) Arguments
- The Joint Commissioner (Revenue) relied on the findings of the Commissioner. He argued the Board's Circular No. 6/88 applies to the earlier 4-digit tariff and that the Central Excise Tariff effective from 1-1-2005 is different; therefore the circular is not determinative of classification under the 8-digit tariff.
- Maintained that the potato chips are more appropriately classifiable as "food preparations not elsewhere specified or included" (Heading 2106 90 99) rather than as "other vegetables prepared..." under Chapter 20.
- Asserted that the goods are "ready to eat packaged food" falling under Sl. No. 30 of Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (8% duty) and not Sl. No. 29 (namkeens); relied on the Commissioner's reasoning at paras 4.2 and 4.9 of the impugned order.
- Consequently opposed the stay application and waiver of pre-deposit.
Table of Precedents Cited
| Precedent | Rule or Principle Cited For | Application by the Court |
|---|---|---|
| Shriya Enterprises v. Commissioner ((2012) 51 VST 413, Uttarakhand High Court) | Held that potato chips are processed vegetables and covered under the processed-vegetable entry rather than a residuary entry. | The Tribunal took a prima facie view that the ratio of this judgment is squarely applicable to the facts, and relied on it to support classification under Heading No. 2005 20 00 (Chapter 20), leading to exemption under Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (Sl. No. 22). |
| CCE, Indore v. Hello Agro Foods Ltd. (Tribunal - Delhi) | Held that "rings made out of flour of rice, wheat and potato, fried after adding flavour and packed for retail sale" are classifiable as "other food preparations" under 2108.99 and can be eligible for exemption as namkeens under the relevant notification. | Cited by the appellants (and noted) to support the proposition that certain fried and packed preparations can be classified as "other food preparations" yet still be eligible for exemption as namkeens; used to reinforce the alternative exemption argument. |
| Collector of Central Excise, Bombay v. Indian Organic Chemicals Limited (Tribunal) | Held that potato wafers not put up in unit containers are classifiable under Heading No. 2001.90 of the Tariff and not under sub-heading No. 2001.10, even if ordinarily intended for sale. | Referred to by the appellants to support the position that potato wafers can fall within Chapter 20 classifications; used as supporting material for the appellants' primary classification contention. |
Court's Reasoning and Analysis
The Tribunal considered the submissions and reviewed the record. Its analysis proceeded in distinct steps reflecting a prima facie evaluation for the purposes of deciding the interim stay application:
- Comparison of chapter scope: The Tribunal observed prima facie that there is no material difference between Chapter 20 of the Central Excise Tariff prior to 1-1-2005 and Chapter 20 in force w.e.f. 1-1-2005, other than greater specificity due to the 8-digit tariff. On that basis it found that Board's Circular dated 6-2-1988 (clarifying classification of potato wafers under Chapter 20) is applicable to the present tariff regime.
- Reliance on precedent: The Tribunal relied on the Uttarakhand High Court decision in Shriya Enterprises (supra), noting that the High Court held potato chips to be processed vegetables and not subject to the residuary heading. The Tribunal treated the ratio of that judgment as squarely applicable prima facie here and used it to support classification under sub-heading No. 2005 20 00 of Chapter 20.
- Alternative exemption argument: The Tribunal considered the Department's alternative contention that the goods fall under Heading No. 2106 90 99. Even accepting that classification for argument's sake, the Tribunal observed that the goods are salted food preparations ("namkeens") falling within Sl. No. 29 of Notification No. 3/2006-C.E., which prescribes nil duty.
- Administrative clarification ignored by Commissioner: The Tribunal noted that the Commissioner had held the goods were covered by Sl. No. 30 (ready-to-eat packaged food) rather than Sl. No. 29. The Tribunal pointed out Board's Circular No. 841/18/06-EX dated 6-12-2006 which clarifies that namkeens and mithai covered by Sl. No. 29 remain exempt even if packaged. The Tribunal concluded that this circular had been ignored by the Commissioner.
- Overall prima facie conclusion for interim relief: Based on the foregoing — applicability of the Board circular of 1988, the Uttarakhand High Court ratio, the alternative availability of exemption under Sl. No. 29, and the Board's 2006 circular — the Tribunal found a prima facie case in favour of the appellants and held that the impugned order was not correct on a prima facie view.
Holding and Implications
STAY APPLICATION ALLOWED; REQUIREMENT OF PRE-DEPOSIT WAIVED; RECOVERY STAYED.
Holding (direct effect): The Tribunal granted the appellants' stay application, waived the requirement of pre-deposit of the duty demand, interest and penalty for the purpose of hearing the appeal, and stayed recovery of the amounts disputed in the impugned order.
Implications:
- The immediate consequence is procedural relief to the appellants: no pre-deposit is required and enforcement/recovery of the demand and penalty is stayed pending the appeal.
- The Tribunal expressed only a prima facie view on classification and exemptions (reliance on Board circulars and a High Court decision) to justify interim relief; it did not finally decide the appeal on merits in this order.
- The order does not purport to create a binding precedent beyond the parties; it records a prima facie conclusion for the limited purpose of granting interim relief and notes that the Commissioner had overlooked relevant Board circulars.
This summary is restricted to the content expressly contained in the provided opinion and does not add, infer, or interpret facts beyond that text.
[Order per : Rakesh Kumar, Member (T)]. - The facts leading to filing of this appeal, in brief, as under :-
1.1 The appellants are manufacturers of salted potato chips in retail packs which are sold under the brand name ‘Lays’. The appellants were classifying this product under Heading No. 2005 20 00 which covers “potatoes prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid, not frozen, other than the products of Heading No. 2006” and were availing full duty exemption under Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (Sl. No. 22) of the Table annexed to this Notification which prescribes ‘nil’ rate of duty for all the goods of Chapter 20 of the Central Excise tariff. The department, however, was of the view that the goods, in question, are correctly classifiable under Tariff Heading No. 2106 90 99 as “other food preparations not elsewhere specified or included”. According to the Commissioner, the potato chips being sold in the retail packages are covered by Sl. No. 30 of the Notification No. 3/2006-C.E., which covers “ready to eat packaged food” for which rate of duty prescribed is 8%. It is on this basis that after issue of show cause notice, the Commissioner vide order-in-original dated 25-10-2013 confirmed the duty demand of Rs. 35,75,01,970/- against the appellant company along with interest thereon under Section 11AB and besides this, imposed penalty of equal amount on the appellant under Rule 25 of Central Excise Rules read with Section 11AC of the Central Excise Act, 1944. The duty demand has been confirmed by invoking extended period under proviso to Section 11A(1). Against this order of the Commissioner, this appeal has been filed along with stay application.
2. Heard both the sides in respect of stay application.
3. Shri B.L. Narsimahan, advocate, the ld. counsel for the appellant, pleaded that before introduction of the 8-digit Tariff w.e.f. 1-1-2005, Chapter 20 had only one heading 20.01 which covered “preparations of vegetables, fruits, nuts or other parts of plants, including jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut puree and fruit or nut pastes, fruit juices and vegetable juices, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter”, that in respect of this tariff entry, there was Board’s Circular No. 6/88, dated 18-2-1988 clarifying that the potato wafers are classifiable under Heading No. 20.01, in view of the Chapter Note of Chapter 20, and such wafers will not fall under Heading No. 21.08, as this is a residuary heading and Heading 20.01 is more specific, that in the 8-digit tariff in force w.e.f. 1-1-2005, Heading No. 21.06 is the same as Heading 21.08 of the old tariff covering as “food preparations not elsewhere specified or included” and scope of the Chapter 20 of the new tariff w.e.f. 1-1-2005 is the same as the scope of Heading 20.01 of Chapter 20 of the tariff during period prior to 1-1-2005, that, in view of this, the Board’s circular dated 6-2-88 clarifying that potato wafers are classifiable under Heading No. 20.01 is still applicable, that the Hon’ble Uttarakhand High Court in the case of Shriya Enterprises v. Commissioner reported in (2012) 51 VST 413 (Uttarakhand), wherein the point of dispute was as to whether potato chips are classifiable under tariff heading covering, “all processed and preserved vegetables, vegetable mushrooms and fruits, including fruit jams, jellies, fruit squash, paste, fruit drinks, fruit juices and achar (whether in sealed containers or otherwise)”, held that potato chips are processed vegetables and the same would be covered by the entry “All processed and preserved vegetables, vegetable mushrooms and fruits including fruit jams, jellies, fruit squash, paste, fruit drinks, fruit juices and achar”, that the ratio of this judgment is squarely applicable to the facts of this case and hence the potato chips would be correctly classifiable under sub-Heading No. 2005 20 00 of chapter as “other vegetables prepared or preserved, otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid, not frozen, other than products of Heading 2006”, that even if the goods, in question, are treated as covered by the Heading No. 2106 90 99 as “food preparations not elsewhere specified or included”, the same would be fully exempted from duty under Notification No. 3/06-C.E. (Sl. No. 29) which covers “Sweetmeats (known as ‘misthans’ or ‘mithai’ or by any other name), namkeens, bhujia, mixture, chabena and similar edible preparations in ready for consumption form, papad and jaljeera”, for which the rate of duty prescribed is nil, that the Commissioner by classifying the goods, in question, under Heading No. 2106 90 99 has wrongly given a finding that these goods are covered by Sl. No. 30 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E. which covers “ready to eat packaged food” and for which the rate of duty prescribes is 8% adv., that the Commissioner ignored the Board’s Circular dated 6-12-2006 wherein the Board has clarified that even if the goods covered by Sl. No. 29 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E. are in the packaged form, the same would still be eligible for exemption under Sl. No. 30 of the notification, that this circular of the Board has been totally ignored by the Commissioner, that the Tribunal in the case of CCE, Indore v. Hello Agro Foods Ltd. reported in (Tribunal - Delhi) has held that “Rings made out of flour of rice, wheat and potato, fried after adding flavour and packed for retail sale” are correctly classifiable as “other food preparations” under 2108.99 and hence are eligible for exemption as namkeens under Notification No. 4/97-C.E., that the Tribunal in the case of Collector of Central Excise, Bombay v. Indian Organic Chemicals Limited reported in (Tribunal) has held that potato wafers not put up in unit containers are classifiable under Heading No. 2001.90 of the Tariff and not under sub-heading No. 2001.10, even if the same were ordinarily intended for sale, that in view of the above submissions, the impugned order is not correct, that the appellant have strong prima facie case in their favour and hence the requirement of pre-deposit of duty demand, interest and penalty may be waived for hearing of their appeal and recovery thereof may be stayed.
4. Shri Pramod Kumar, ld. Jt. CDR opposed the stay application by reiterating the findings of the Commissioner. With regard to the classification of the goods, whether under Heading No. 2005 20 00, as claimed by the appellant or under sub-Heading No. 2106 90 99, as claimed by the Department, he pointed out to the findings of the Commissioner in Para 4.2 of the impugned order and pleaded that the Board’s Circular No. 6/88, dated 18-2-88 is applicable to the old four digit tariff, while the Central Excise Tariff in force w.e.f. 1-1-2005 is totally different. He pleaded that the potato chips cannot be called “other vegetables, preparation preserved, otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid, not frozen…..” and the same have to be treated as “food preparations not elsewhere specified or included.” With regard to the appellant’s plea that even if the goods, in question, are held as classifiable under sub-heading No. 2106 90 99 as “food preparations not elsewhere specified or included”, the same would be fully exempted from duty in view of the Sl. No. 29 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E., as the same are namkeens, he, reiterating the findings of the Commissioner in Para 4.9 of the impugned order pleaded that the goods, in question, being ready to eat packaged food would be covered by Sl. No. 30 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E. and not by Sl. No. 29 which covers “sweetmeats (known as ‘misthans’ or ‘mithai’ or by any other name), namkeens, etc.” He accordingly pleaded that there is no infirmity in the impugned order and as such, this is not the case for waiver from the requirement of pre-deposit.
5. We have considered the submissions from both the sides and perused the records.
6. The point of dispute in this case is as to whether the fried and salted potato wafers packaged in retail packing for sale and which are sold under the brand name ‘Lays” are classifiable under sub-heading No. 2005 20 00 as “potatoes prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid, not frozen, other than products of Heading 2006” or the same are classifiable under Heading No. 2006 90 99 as “food preparations not elsewhere specified or included”. If the goods are held to be classifiable under Chapter 20, the same would be fully exempt from duty under Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. as Sl. No. 22 of this notification covers all the goods of Chapter 20 and prescribes a nil rate of duty. The Commissioner by classifying the goods, in question, under sub-heading No. 2106 90 99 has held that the same are “ready to eat packaged food” covered by Sl. No. 30 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E. for which the rate of duty is 8% adv.
7. Coming to the question of classification, prima facie, we are of the view that there is no difference between Chapter 20 of the Central Excise Tariff prior to 1-1-2005 and Chapter 20 of the Central Excise Tariff w.e.f. 1-1-2005, except that the 8-digit tariff is more detailed and specifically covers a large number of commodities in the General Group of the “preparations of vegetable, fruits, nuts or other parts of the plants”. In our prima facie view, therefore, Board’s Circular dated 6-2-88 clarifying that the potato slices fried in edible oil, salted and packed in printed plastic pouches (or other unit containers) are classifiable under Chapter 20 is applicable. Besides this, we also find that the Hon’ble Uttarakhand High Court in the case of Shriya Enteprises v. Commissioner (supra), while deciding a question as to whether potato chips are classifiable under entry, “all processed and preserved vegetables, vegetable mushrooms and fruits including fruit jams, jellies, fruit squash, paste, fruit drinks, fruit juices and achar (wherein sealed containers or otherwise),” has in Para 24 of the judgment held that potatoes chips are processed vegetable and would be covered under the processed vegetable and are not covered under the residuary entry. We are of the prima facie view that the ratio of this judgment is squarely applicable to the facts of this case and hence, in view of this judgment also, the goods in question, would be covered under Heading No. 2005 20 00 of Chapter 20 and accordingly, the same would be exempted from duty under Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. (Sl. No. 22).
8. Even if the Department’s contention that the goods are classifiable under Heading No. 2106 90 99 is accepted, the fact remains that the same being salted food preparations are “namkeen” which are specifically covered by Sl. No. 29 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E. and for which the rate of duty specified is nil. In this regard, the Commissioner in the impugned order has held that the goods, in question, are not covered by SI. No. 29 of the Notification No. 3/2006 but are covered by Sl. No. 30, which covers “ready to eat food preparation”. However, in this regard the Board vide Circular No. 841/18/06-EX, dated 6-12-2006 has clearly clarified that the “namkeens” and “mithai” covered by Sl. No. 29 of the Notification No. 3/2006-C.E. would continue to be fully exempted from duty even if the same are in packaged forms. We find that this circular of the Board has been totally ignored by the Commissioner. In any case, when Sl. No. 29 of the Notification No. 3/06-C.E. covers, “Sweetmeats (known as ‘misthans’ or ‘mithai’ or by any other name) namkeen, bhujia, mixture, chabena and similar edible preparation in ready for consumption form” for which nil rate of duty is prescribed, just because such mithais, namkeens, etc., though in ready to eat form are in retail packs, the same would not be ceased to be covered by the Sl. No. 29 of the Notification.
9. In view of the above discussion, we are of the prima facie view that the impugned order is not correct and as such, the appellant have prima facie case in their favour. Hence the requirement of pre-deposit of duty demand, interest thereon and penalty is waived for hearing of the appeal and recovery thereof is stayed. The stay application is allowed.
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