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Mulji Velji Halai v. Parishram Construction
Structured Summary of the Opinion (Oral Judgment)
Factual and Procedural Background
A Contract Agreement dated 26/10/1998 was entered into between the appellants (original defendants, acting as Developers) and the respondent (the Contractor) for construction of Bhavanidham on Plot No. 37, Lotus Colony, Bhuj. Clause 10 of the agreement provided that any dispute would be referred to an Arbitrator appointed by mutual consent.
A dispute arose and, by communication dated 16/04/1999, the respondent submitted the name of an Arbitrator. The appellants refused to consent to that nominee. The respondent then filed Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999 under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 seeking an order directing the appellants to furnish bank security of Rs. 6,96,778/- and other interim reliefs.
By judgment and order dated 26/07/2002 the learned District Judge, Kutch at Bhuj partly allowed the Section 9 application and directed the appellants to furnish Bank Security of Rs. 5,00,000/-. The District Judge also directed the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator to be appointed by mutual consent within two months.
The appellants (original defendants) preferred the present First Appeal to quash and set aside the portion of the 26/07/2002 order that directed referral to arbitration. The Division Bench of the High Court, in IAAP No. 1183 of 2003, granted interim relief by staying the further implementation of that part of the District Court's order directing reference to arbitration but did not stay the order to furnish the bank security.
Legal Issues Presented
- Whether an application under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (which empowers a court to grant interim measures) authorises the court to direct the parties to refer the dispute to arbitration and to appoint an arbitrator.
- Whether the District Court, Kutch at Bhuj acted within jurisdiction in directing referral of the dispute to arbitration and appointment of a sole arbitrator in proceedings under Section 9.
Arguments of the Parties
Appellants' Arguments (Mr. Anjaria)
- The appellants did not challenge the portion of the District Court's order directing them to furnish a Bank Guarantee of Rs. 5,00,000/-; they have furnished that guarantee and have undertaken to furnish a fresh Bank Guarantee of Rs. 5,00,000/- as directed in IAAP No. 71 of 2007.
- The only challenge in the present First Appeal is to the direction that the parties be referred to arbitration.
- Subsequent proceedings for appointment of an arbitrator were initiated before the High Court, so the District Judge's direction to refer the dispute does not survive in any event.
- More fundamentally, the District Court had no jurisdiction under Section 9 to direct the parties to refer the dispute to arbitration or to appoint an arbitrator; such directions are beyond the scope of Section 9 and therefore that portion of the order must be quashed and set aside.
Respondent's Arguments (Mr. Nalin Thakkar)
- Given the existence of a dispute and the arbitration clause in the agreement, the learned District Judge was correct in directing the parties to refer the dispute to an arbitrator and to appoint a sole arbitrator.
- The respondent sought dismissal of the First Appeal and supported the validity of the District Court's direction to refer the dispute to arbitration.
Table of Precedents Cited
No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.
Court's Reasoning and Analysis
The Court examined the nature and scope of Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. It observed that Section 9 confers power upon a court to issue certain directions by way of interim measures or interim reliefs.
The Court reasoned that an application under Section 9 is intended only for interim relief/interim measures and is not the appropriate procedure for referring the parties to arbitration or for the appointment of an arbitrator. Consequently, when the learned District Judge, in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999 (filed under Section 9), directed the parties to refer the dispute to arbitration and to appoint a sole arbitrator, that direction went beyond the powers and scope conferred by Section 9.
On that basis the Court concluded that the impugned order's direction to refer the dispute to arbitration and to appoint a sole arbitrator could not be sustained. The Court additionally noted that, in subsequent proceedings under Section 11 of the Arbitration Act, this Court has already appointed the sole Arbitrator (i.e., the appointment issue had been dealt with in the appropriate Section 11 proceedings).
Holding and Implications
Holding:
The First Appeal succeeds in part. The impugned order dated 26/07/2002 passed by the learned District Court, Kutch at Bhuj in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999 is:
- Quashed and set aside insofar as it directed the parties to refer the dispute to arbitration and to appoint a sole arbitrator (such direction exceeded the scope of Section 9).
- Confirmed insofar as it directed the appellants to furnish Bank Security of Rs. 5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lacs).
A separate order in IAAP No. 71 of 2007 directs the appellants to furnish a fresh Bank Guarantee before the High Court, to be considered as the Bank Guarantee in the present First Appeal and as compliance with the District Court's order in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999. The Registry is directed to keep a copy of this order in IAAP No. 71 of 2007. No costs were awarded.
Consequences: The decision removes the portion of the District Court's Section 9 order that attempted to refer the matter to arbitration and to appoint an arbitrator (because Section 9 was held to be an improper vehicle for such directions). The interim measure ordering bank security remains in force, subject to the fresh bank guarantee directed to be furnished before this Court. The opinion does not purport to lay down any broader precedent beyond the statutory interpretation applied to Section 9 in this case.
ORAL JUDGMENT
1. The present First Appeal has been preferred by the appellants herein - original defendants to quash and set aside the impugned judgement and order dated 26/07/2002 passed by learned District Judge, Kutch at Bhuj in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999 preferred under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 [hereinafter referred to as “the Arbitration Act”].
2. A Contract Agreement dated 26/10/1998 was entered into between the appellants and the respondent for execution of work of construction of Bhavanidham on Plot No. 37 situated at Lotus Colony, Bhuj. Under the said contract, the appellants herein has to act as Developers while respondent was the Contractor. Clause 10 of the agreement provides that “if any dispute arises between the parties it will be referred to the Arbitrator and the Arbitrator will be appointed by mutual consent of the parties.” The dispute raised between the parties with respect to the contract work and by communication dated 16/04/1999, the respondent herein submitted name of an Arbitrator, to which the present appellants refused to give consent. That thereafter, respondent herein submitted an application being Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999 under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act before the learned District Court, Kutch at Bhuj for an appropriate order directing the appellants herein to furnish the bank security of Rs. 6,96,778/- for some other interim relief. The learned District Judge, Kutch at Bhuj by impugned order dated 26/07/2002 partly allowed the said application and directed the appellants herein to furnish Bank Security of Rs. 5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lacs). Simultaneously, learned Judge also directed the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator to be appointed by mutual consent within a period of two months from the date of the order. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgement and order passed by the learned District Judge, Kutch at Bhuj by directing the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator in application under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, the appellants herein - original respondents have preferred the present First Appeal. By interim relief in Civil Application No. 1183 of 2003, the Division Bench of this Court partly allowed the said Civil Application and granted interim stay of further implementation and operation of that part of the order passed by the learned District Court, Kutch at Bhuj by which a direction was issued to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator and did not stay the order for furnishing bank security of Rs. 5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lacs).
3. Mr. Anjaria, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the appellants has submitted that the appellants do not challenge that part of the order passed by the learned District Court, Kutch, by which by way of bank security, the appellants were directed to furnish Bank Guarantee of Rs. 5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lacs). It is submitted that the appellants have also furnished the Bank Guarantee of Rs. 5 Lacs with the District Court, Kutch and as directed by this Court today, in IAAP No. 71 of 2007, the appellants shall furnish a fresh Bank Guarantee of Rs. 5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lacs). Therefore, in the present First Appeal, the only challenge is with respect to direction issued by the learned Appellate Judge, Kutch by which the parties were directed to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator.
4. Mr. Anjaria, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the appellants has submitted that, as such, subsequently the respondent had submitted application for appointment of Arbitrator before this Court and, therefore, the direction issued by learned District Judge, Bhuj does not survive and no other order is required to be passed. It is submitted that even otherwise the said order to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator is required to be quashed and set aside by this Court as the learned District Court, Kutch had no jurisdiction to pass any order directing the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator in application under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act. It is submitted that the directions issued by learned District Judge, Kutch directing the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator is without jurisdiction and beyond the scope of Section 9 of Arbitration Act and, therefore, it is requested to quash and set aside that portion of the order passed by the learned District Court, Kutch by which learned Judge directed to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator.
5. Mr. Nalin Thakkar, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the respondent - original applicant has submitted that as there was a dispute between the parties and considering the arbitration clause in the agreement, learned District Judge, Kutch has rightly directed the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitrator and to appoint sole Arbitrator and, therefore, it is requested to dismiss the present First Appeal.
6. Heard learned advocates appearing on behalf of the respective parties at length. At the outset, it is required to be noted that in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999, the District Judge was considering the application under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act and Section 9 of the Arbitration Act confers power upon the Court to issue certain directions by way of interim measure. Therefore, the application under Section 9 of the Arbitration Act is only for interim relief/interim measure and it is not for referring the parties to the Arbitrator and for appointment of Arbitrator. Under the circumstance, when the learned District Court, Kutch passed an order directing the parties to refer the dispute to the arbitrator and to appoint sole Arbitrator in application preferred under Section 9 of the Arbitration Act, it is beyond the scope of Section 9 of the Arbitration Act. While deciding and considering application under Section 9 of the Arbitration Act, the Court could not have passed an order directing the parties to refer the dispute to the arbitration and to appoint sole Arbitrator. Under the circumstance, the impugned order passed by learned District Judge, Kutch in so far as directing the parties to refer the dispute to the Arbitration, cannot be sustained. It is to be noted that as such in the subsequent proceedings under Section 11 of the Arbitration Act, this Court has already appointed the sole Arbitrator.
7. In view of the above and for the reasons stated hereinabove, the present First Appeal succeeds in part. The impugned order passed by learned District Court, Kutch at Bhuj dated 26/07/2002 in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999 so far as directing the parties to refer the dispute to the arbitration and to appoint sole Arbitrator is hereby quashed and set aside. The rest of the order passed by learned District Judge, Kutch at Bhuj with respect to directing the appellants to furnish the Bank Security in an amount of Rs. 5,00,000/- (Rupees Five Lacs) is hereby confirmed. A separate order is passed in IAAP No. 71 of 2007 to furnish a fresh Bank Guarantee before this Court, to be considered as Bank Guarantee in the present First Appeal and in compliance of the order passed by the learned District Judge, Kutch at Bhuj in Civil Misc. Application No. 258 of 1999.
Registry is hereby directed to keep the copy of this order in IAAP No. 71 of 2007. No costs.
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