Iqbal v. State Of Kerala .

Dr. Arijit Pasayat, J.— Leave granted.

2. The challenge in this appeal is to the judgment of the learned Single Judge of the Kerala High Court dismissing the appeal filed by the appellant, while directing the acquittal of the co-accused. Both the accused were convicted by the learned IInd Additional Assistant Sessions Judge, Thrissur for the offences punishable under Sections 366-A and 376 read with Section 34 of the Penal Code, 1860 (in short “IPC”).

3. Custodial sentence of two years and fine of Rs 10,000 with default stipulation, sentences of three years and fine of Rs 3000 were with default stipulation for the offences punishable under Sections 376 and 366-A read with Section 34 IPC respectively.

4. The background facts, as projected by the prosecution in a nutshell are as follows:

On 18-10-1993 at 7.00 a.m both the accused, in furtherance of their common intention of kidnapping, induced and procured a minor teenage girl (PW 2), who had not attained the age of 14 and seduced her to have illicit intercourse with the first accused and the first accused took her to Mahadevapuram in Coimbatore District and committed rape in the house of CW 8 at Mahadevapuram. Since PW 2 did not come back to her house, after making necessary enquiries, PW 1, father of PW 2, went to Cheruthuruthy Police Station and lodged first information statement and originally man-missing case was registered as Crime No. 96 of 1993. The girl was not found out. Finally, a criminal MC was filed before the High Court and on the basis of the direction of the High Court, the Circle Inspector of Police found out PW 2 and subsequently arrested the accused, continued the investigation and charge was laid. The girl was produced before the Judicial First Class Magistrate's Court, Wadakkancherry on 30-11-1993 and it was recorded that she had stated to the Magistrate that she was studying in ninth standard and she was staying with her father. She was taken from the tuition centre while she was going to Akshaya Tuition Centre, Cheruthuruthy. She stated that she went with Iqbal, the appellant and the first accused, of her own will to Coimbatore on 18-10-1993 from Akshaya Tuition Centre. They were friends. Friend of the first accused, namely, Sasi was also with them. They changed the vehicles and finally the second accused, Sasi did not accompany them till Coimbatore. She also stated that she had intercourse with Iqbal, the first accused, at Coimbatore and not with any other persons, that she was aged thirteen years and six months at that time and she was with Iqbal till she was produced before the Court. Statement under Section 161 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short “CrPC”) given by her to the police was also more or less on the same lines. But, before the court, she deposed in examination-in-chief that she and her friend PW 4 went to the tuition centre and an autorickshaw came there. From the autorickshaw, A-2 Sasi and A-1 Iqbal, got down and A-1 told her to get into the autorickshaw to tell something and on his persuasion she got into the autorickshaw and both of them took her to a place called Kolappully. Thereafter, A-2 brought a car and they went up to Palakkad and A-2 Sasi left. From there, they went to Coimbatore by bus. They took food and A-1 took her to a hotel and forced her for intercourse and thereafter they went to cinema, etc. Thereafter, they came to the house of CW 8 and they were staying in that house. During cross-examination main endeavour of the accused was to show that she came with him of her own will. Letters written by PW 2, Exts. D-1 to D-3, were also produced and marked to show that PW 2 and A-1 were in love and that was not allowed by the parents. Further, in cross-examination, he asked specifically whether she agreed for intercourse willingly to show that intercourse was committed with consent. Evidence of PW 4 also supports the evidence of PW 2. Evidence of PWs 8 and 9 doctors shows that she had intercourse. Evidence shows that she went of her own will and intercourse also was done voluntarily and not by force. It is clear from the evidence that they were in love and wanted to marry, but parents of PW 2 objected. Hence, they together eloped and there is no kidnapping. School certificate as well as the deposition of father of PW 2 shows that she was aged only 13 years and nine months at the time of incident. Hence, consent cannot be taken as valid.

5. Placing reliance on the evidence of PW 2, who is the victim, the learned trial court found both the accused persons guilty and sentenced them as aforesaid. In appeal, the High Court by the impugned judgment, noted that the charges have been established so far as the appellant is concerned, while directing the acquittal of the co-accused.

6. In support of the appeal, learned counsel for the appellant submitted that the evidence of the victim PW 2 clearly shows that she was in love with the appellant and had gone with him of her own will. Letters (Exts. D-1 to D-3) clearly established this fact. It was further submitted that the evidence of PW 2 indicated that though victim and the appellant were in love, the parents objected to it. It is also pointed out that in the cross-examination she had admitted that she had sexual intercourse with the appellant of her own free will and consent and there was no force used. The High Court, however, found that the girl victim was aged about 13 years and 9 months and, therefore, the consent was of no consequence so far as allegation of rape is concerned. The conviction as recorded by the trial court was affirmed. However, on special circumstances which had weighed, the High Court imposed the sentence below the prescribed minimum, reduced the sentence to three years' rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs 10,000 in respect of the offence punishable under Section 376 IPC. However, his conviction and sentence relating to Section 366-A was affirmed. The sentences imposed were directed to run concurrently. As noted above, the stand of the appellant was that there was no rape involved and in any view, Section 366-A has no application.

7. So far as the legality of conviction for offence punishable under Section 376 IPC is concerned, Section 375 IPC needs to be noted. The same reads as follows:

“375. Rape.—A man is said to commit ‘rape’ who, except in the case hereinafter excepted, has sexual intercourse with a woman under circumstances falling under any of the six following descriptions:

First.—Against her will.

Secondly.—Without her consent.

Thirdly.—With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her or any person in whom she is interested in fear of death or of hurt.

Fourthly.—With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband, and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married.

Fifthly.—With her consent, when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication or the administration by him personally or through another of any stupefying or unwholesome substance, she is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which she gives consent.

Sixthly.—With or without her consent, when she is under sixteen years of age.”

8. Clause “sixthly” clearly stipulates that sexual intercourse with a woman with her or without her consent when she is under 16 years of age, amounts to rape. The evidence on record clearly establishes that the victim was less than 16 years of age and, therefore, the conviction for offences punishable under Section 376 IPC cannot be faulted.

9. The residual question is of applicability of Section 366-A IPC. In order to attract Section 366-A IPC, essential ingredients are (1) that the accused induced a girl; (2) that the person induced was a girl under the age of eighteen years; (3) that the accused has induced her with intent that she may be or knowing that it is likely that she will be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse; (4) such intercourse must be with a person other than the accused; (5) that the inducement caused the girl to go from any place or to do any act.

10. In the instant case, the admitted case of the prosecution is that the girl had left in the company of the accused of her own will and that she was not forced to sexual intercourse with any person other than the accused. The admitted case is that she had sexual intercourse with the accused for which, considering her age, conviction under Section 376 IPC has been maintained. Since the essential ingredient that the intercourse must be with a person other than the accused has not been established, Section 366-A has no application.

11. In the result, the conviction for the offence punishable under Section 366-A IPC is set aside while the conviction and sentence imposed in respect of the offence punishable under Section 376 IPC is maintained.

12. The appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent.