207
THE UTTAR PRADESH RAJARSHI TANDON OPEN UNIVERSITY ACT, 1999
[U.P. Act No. 10 of 1999]
[As passed by the Uttar Pradesh Legislature]
AN
ACT
to provide for the establishment of an Open University in Uttar Pradesh for the introduction and promotion of distance education systems and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
IT IS HEREBY enacted in the Fiftieth Year of the Republic of India as follows:-
Chapter I Preliminary
Short title and commencement 1- (1) This Act may be called the Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999.
(2) It shall come into force on such date as the State Government may, by notification, appoint in this behalf.
Definitions 2- In this Act :-
(a) "Academic Council' and "Executive council" mean respectively the Academic Council, and the Executive Council of the University;
(b) "Board of Recognition" means the Board of Recognition of the University;
(c) "College" means a college or other academic Institution established or maintained by or admitted to the Privileges of the University;
(d) "distance education systems" means the systems of imparting education through any means of communication, such as broadcasting, telecasting, correspondence course, seminars, contact programmes or the combination of any two or more of such means;
(e) "Finance committee" means the Finance Committee of the University;
(f) "other backward classes" means the backward classes of citizens specified in Schedule I of the Uttar Pradesh Public Services (Reservation for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes) Act, 1994, as amended from time to time;
(g) "Planning Board" means the Planning Board of the University;
(h) "prescribed" means prescribed by the Statutes;
(i) "school" means a school of studies of the University;
(j) "Statutes", "Ordinance" and "Regulations" means respectively, the Statutes, Ordinances and Regulations of the University;
(k) "student" means a student of the University, and includes any person who has enrolled himself for pursuing any course of study of the University;
(1) "study centre" means a centre established, maintained or recognised by the University for the purpose of advising, counseling or for rendering any other assistance required by the students;
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 3-5]
(m) "teacher" means a person employed for imparting instruction in the University for giving guidance or rendering assistance to students for pursuing any, course of study of the University and includes a Principal or Director of a College;
(n) "University' means the Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University established under section 3.
Chapter II The University and its Objects
Establishment and incorpo- ration of the University 3- (1) There shall be established a University by the name of the Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University.
(2) The head quarters of the University shall be at Allahabad and it may establish for maintain colleges or study centers at such other places in the State as it may deem fit.
(3) The Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and the members of the Executive Council and the academic Council for the time being holding office as such in the University shall constitute a body corporate by the name of the Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University.
The objects of
the University
4- The University shall promote dissemination of learning and knowledge through distance education systems to a larger segment of the population and shall, in organizing its activities, have due regard to the objects specified in the schedule. Powers of the
University
5- The University shall have the following powers; namely :-
(i) to provide fur instruction in such branches of knowledge, technology, vocations and professions as the University may determine from time to time and to make provision for research;
(ii) to plan and prescribe courses of study for degrees, diplomas, certificates or for any other purpose;
(iii) to hold examinations and confer degrees, diplomas, certificates or other academic distinction or recognitions on persons who have pursued a course of study or conducted research in the manner laid down by the Statutes and Ordinances;
(iv) to confer honorary degrees or other distinctions in the manner prescribed;
(v) to determine the manner in which distance education in relation to the academic programmes of the University may be organized;
(vi) to institute professorships, readerships, lectureships and other academic positions necessary for imparting instructions or for preparing educational material or for conducting other academic activities, including guidance, designing and delivery of course and evaluation of the were done by the students, and to appoint persons to such professorships, readerships, lectureships and other academic positions;
(vii) to co-operate with, and seek the co-operation of other universities and institutions of higher learning, professional bodies and, organizations for such purposes as the University considers necessary;
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 5]
(viii) to institute and award fellowships, scholarships, prizes and such other awards for recognition of merit as the University may deem fit;
(ix) to establish and maintain such regional centers as may be determined by the University from time to time;
(x) to establish, maintain or recognize Study Centers in the manner prescribed;
(xi) to provide for the preparation of instructional materials, including films, cassettes tapes, video cassettes and other softwares;
(xii) to organise and conduct refresher courses, workshops, seminars and other programmes for teachers, lesson writers, evaluators and other academic staff;
(xiii) to recognise examinations of or periods of study, whether in full or part, at other universities, institutions or other places of higher learning as equivalent to examinations or periods of study in the University, and to withdraw such recognition at any times;
(xiv) to make provision for research and development in educational technology and related matters;
(xv) to create administrative ministerial and other necessary posts and to make appointments thereto;
(xvi) to receive benefactions donations and gifts and to acquire, hold, maintain and dispose of any property movable or immovable, including trust and Government property, for the purposes of the University;
(xvii) to borrow, with the approval of the State Government whether on the security of the property of the University or otherwise, money for the purposes of University;
(xviii) to enter into, carry out, vary or cancel contracts;
(xix) to demand and receive such fees and ocher charges as may be laid down by the Ordinances;
(xx) to provide, control and maintain discipline among the students and all categories of employees and to lay down the conditions of service of such employees, including their codes of conduct;
(xxi) to recognise any institution of higher learning or studies for such purposes as the University may determine and to withdraw such recognition;
(xxii) to appoint either on contract or otherwise Visiting Professors, Emeritus Professors consultants. fellows, scholars, artists, course writers and such other persons who may contribute to the advancement of the objects of the University;
(xxiii) to recognise persons working in other Universities, Institutions or organisations as teachers of the University on such terms and conditions as may be laid down by the Ordinances;
(xxiv) to specify conditions for the admission of students to courses of study of the University which may include examination, evaluation and any other method of testing:
(xxv) to make arrangements for the promotion of the general health and welfare of the employees;
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 6-8]
(xxvi) to confer autonomous status on a college or a regional centre in the manner prescribed;
(xxvii) to admit to its privileges any college in the State subject to such conditions as may be prescribed:
Provided that no college shall be to admitted except with the prior approval of the Chancellor;
(xxviii) to do all such acts as may be necessary or incidental to the exercise of all or any of the powers of the University as are necessary and conducive to the promotion of all or any of the objects of the University. Territorial
exercise of
powers
6- Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the University shall in the exercise of its powers have Jurisdiction over the whole of Uttar Pradesh.
University
open to all
class and
creeds
7- (1) The University shall be open to persons of either sex irrespective of class or creed, and it shall not be lawful for the University to adopt or impose on any person any test whatsoever of religious belief or profession in order to entitle him to be appointed as a teacher of the University, or to hold any other office therein or admitted as a student in the University or to graduate there, at, or to enjoy or exercise any privilege thereof.
(2) Nothing in sub-section (1) shall be deemed to prevent the University from making any special provision for the appointment or admission of women or of persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes or Other Backward Classes.
CHAPTER-III Inspection and Inquiry
Visitation 8- (1) The State Government shall have the right to cause an inspection to be made, by such person or persons as it may direct, of the University or any college or study centre maintained by the University including its buildings, libraries, laboratories, workshops and equipments and also of the examinations, teaching and other work conducted or done by the University or such college or study centre or to cause an inquiry to be made in the like manner in respect of any matter connected with the administration and finances of the University or such college or such centers.
(2) Where the State Government decides to cause an inspection or inquiry to be made under sub-section (1), it shall inform the University of the same through the Registrar, and any person nominated by the Executive Council may be present at such inspection or inquiry as representative of the University and he shall have the right to be heard as such:
Provided that no legal practitioner shall appear, plead or action behalf of the University at such inspection or inquiry.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 9]
(3) The person or persons appointed to inspect or inquire under sub-section (1) shall have all the powers of a civil court, while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, for the purpose of taking evidence on oath and enforcing the attendance of witnesses and compelling production of documents and material objects, and shall be deemed to be a civil court within the meaning of sections 345 and 346 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and any proceeding before him or them shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of sections 193 and 228 of the India n Penal Code.
(4) The State Government shall address the Vice-Chancellor with reference to the result of such inspection or inquiry, and the Vice-Chancellor shall communicate to the Executive Council the views of the State Government with such advice as the State Government may offer upon the action to be taken thereon.
(5) The Vice-Chancellor shall then within such time as the State Government may fix, submit to it a report of the action taken or proposed to be taken by the Executive Council.
(6) If authorities of the University do not within a reasonable time, take action to the satisfaction of the State Government, the State Government may, after considering any explanation which such authorities may furnish, issue such directions as it may think fit, and the authorities of the Universities shall comply with such the directions.
(7) The State Government shall send to the Chancellor a copy of every report of an inspection or inquiry caused to be made under sub-section (1) and of every communication received from the Vice-Chancellor under sub-section (5) and of every direction issued under sub-section (6) and also of every report or information received in respect of compliance or non-compliance with such direction.
(8) Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section (6), if the Chancellor on consideration of any document or material referred to in sub-section (7) is of opinion that the Executive Council has failed to carry out its functions or has abused its powers, he may, after giving it an opportunity of submitting a written explanation, order that in supersession of the said Executive Council, an ad-hoc Executive Council, consisting of the Vice-Chancellor and such other persons not exceeding ten in number as the Chancellor may appoint in that behalf including any member of the superseded Executive Council, shall, for such period not exceeding two years as the Chancellor may from time to time specify, exercise and perform all the powers and functions of the Executive Council under this Act.
(9) Upon an order being made under sub-section (8) the term of office of all members of the Executive Council superseded thereby, including ex-officio members shall cease and all such members shall vacate their offices as such.
CHAPTER-IV Officers of the University
Officers of the University
9- The following shall be the officers of the University :
(a) the Chancellor;
(b) the Vice-Chancellor;
(c) the Pro-Vice-Chancellor;
(d) the Directors;
(e) the Registrar;
(f) the Finance Officer;
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 10-11]
(g) the Examination Controller, and
(h) such other Officers as may be declared by the Statutes to be officers of the University.
The
Chancellor
10- (1) The Governor shall be the Chancellor of the University. He shall by virtue of his office, be the Head of the University and shall when present, preside at any convocation of the University.
(2) Every proposal the conferment of an honorary degree shall be subject to the confirmation of the Chancellor.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Vice-Chancellor to furnish such information or records relating to the administration of the affairs of the University as the Chancellor may call for.
(4) The Chancellor shall have such other powers as may be conferred on him by or under this Act or the statutes.
The Vice-
Chancellor
11- (1) The Vice-Chancellor shall be a whole time salaried officer of the University and shall be appointed by the Chancellor in such manner, for such terms and on such emoluments and other conditions of service as may be prescribed.
(2) The Vice-Chancellor shall be the principal academic and executive officer of the University, and shall exercise supervision and control over the affairs of the University and give effect to other decision, of all the authorities of the University.
(3) The Vice-Chancellor may, if he is of the opinion that immediate action is necessary on any matter, exercise any power conferred on any officer or authority of the University by or under this Act and shall report to such officer or authority the action taken by him on such matter:
Provided that if the officer or authority concerned of the opinion that such action ought not to have been taken, it may refer the matter to the Chancellor whose decision thereon shall be final:
Provided further that any person in the service of the University who is aggrieved by the action taken by the Vice-Chancellor under this sub-section shall have the right to appeal against such action to the Executive Council within ninety days from the date on which such action is communicated to him and thereupon the Executive Council may confirm, modify or reverse the action taken by the Vice-Chancellor.
(4) The Vice-Chancellor, if he is of the opinion that any decision of any authority is beyond the powers of the authority conferred by the provisions of this Act, Statutes or Ordinances or that any decision taken is not in the interests of the University, may ask the authority concerned to review its decision within sixty days of such decision and if the authority refuses to review its decision either in whole or in part or no decision is taken by it within the said period of sixty days, the matter shall be referred to the Chancellor whose decision thereon shall be final:
Provided that the decision of the authority concerned shall remained suspended during the period of review of such decision by the authority or the Chancellor as the case may be, under this sub-section.
(5) The Vice-Chancellor shall exercise such other powers and perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Statutes and the Ordinances.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 12-18] The Pro-Vice-
Chancellor
12- The Pro-Vice-Chancellor shall be appointed by the Vice-Chancellor in such manner, on such emoluments and other conditions of service, and shall exercise such powers and perform such functions, as may be prescribed. The Director 13- Every Director shall be appointed in such manner, on such emoluments and other conditions of service, and shall exercise such powers and perform such functions, as may be prescribed.
The Registrar 14- (1) The Registrar shall be appointed by the Stale Government in such manner on such emoluments and other conditions of service, and shall exercise such powers and perform such functions, as may be prescribed.
(2) The Registrar shall have the power to authenticate records on behalf of the University.
The Finance
officer
15- (1) The Finance Officer shall be appointed by the State Government in such manner, on such emoluments and other conditions of service and shall exercise such powers and perform such functions, as may be prescribed.
(2) All contracts shall be entered into and signed by the Finance Officer on behalf of the University.
Examination
controller
16- (1) The Examination controller shall be appointed by the State Government in such manner, on such emoluments and other conditions of service, and shall exercise such powers and perform such functions, as may be prescribed.
(2) When, for any reason, the office of the Examination Controller is vacant, all the powers and functions of the Examination Controller shall be performed by the Registrar or by such other persons as may be appointed by the Executive Council.
Other officers 17- The manner of appointment, emoluments, powers and duties of the other officers or the University shall be such as may be prescribed.
CHAPTER-V Authorities of the University
Authorities of the University 18- The following shall be authorities of the University :-
(a) the Executive Council;
(b) the Academic Council;
(c) the Planning Board;
(d) the Board of Recognition;
(e) the Schools of studies;
(f) the Finance Committee;
(g) the Examination Committee; and
(h) Such other authorities as may be declared by the Statutes to be authorities of the University.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 19-26] The Executive
Council
19- (1) The Executive Council shall be the principal executive body of the University.
(2) The constitution of the Executive Council, the term of office of its members and its powers and functions shall be such as may be prescribed. Academic
Council
20- (1) The Academic Council shall be the principal academic body of the University and shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, the Statutes and Ordinances, have the control and general regulation of, and be responsible for the maintenance of standard of learning, education, instruction, evaluation and examination within the University and shall exercise such other powers and perform such other function as may be prescribed.
(2) The constitution of the Academic Council and the term of office of its members shall be such as may be prescribed.
The Planning
Board
21- (1) There shall be constituted a Planning Board of the University which shall be the principal planning body of the University and shall also be responsible for the monitoring of the developments of the University on the lines indicated in the objects of the University.
(2) The Constitution of the Planning Board, the term of office of its members and its powers and functions shall be such as may be prescribed. The Board of
Recognition
22- (1) The Board of Recognition shall be responsible for admitting Colleges and other Institution to the privileges of the University.
(2) The constitution and the other powers and functions of the Board of Recognition shall be such as may be prescribed.
The Schools of
studies
23- (1) There shall be such number of schools of Studies as the University may determine from time to time.
(2) The constitution, powers and functions of the schools of studies shall be such as may be prescribed.
The Finance
Committee
24- The constitution, powers and functions of the Finance Committee shall be such as may be prescribed.
Other
Authorities
25- The constitution, powers and functions or the other authorities which may be declared by the Statutes to be authorities of the University shall be such as may be prescribed.
CHAPTER-VI Statutes, Ordinances and Regulations
Statutes 26- Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Statutes may provide for any matter relating to the University and shall in particular provide for :-
(a) the manner of appointment of Vice-Chancellor, the term of his appointment, the emoluments and other conditions of his service and the powers and functions that may be exercised and performed by him;
(b) the manner of appointment of Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Directors, Registrar, Examination controller, the Finance Officer and other officers, the emoluments and other conditions of their service and the powers and function that may be exercised and performed by each of such officer;
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 27]
(c) the constitution of the Executive Council and other authorities of the University, the terms of office of the members of such authorities and the powers and functions that may be exercised and performed by such authorities.
(d) the appointment of teachers and other employees of the University, their emoluments and other conditions of service;
(e) the constitution of a pension or provident fund and the establishment of an insurance scheme for the benefit of the employees of the University;
(f) the principles governing the seniority of service, of the teachers and other employees of the University;
(g) the procedure in relation to any appeal or application for review by any teacher, employee or student of the University against the action of any officer or authority of the University, including the time within which such appeal or application for review shall be preferred or made;
(h) the procedure for the settlement of disputes between the teachers, employees or students of the University, and the University;
(i) the allocation and disbursement of grants to colleges and other institutions;
(j) the conditions that are required to be fulfilled for admission of the colleges to the privileges of the University;
(k) all other matters which by this Act are to be, or may be, provided for by the Statutes.
Statutes how
made
27- (1) The first statutes of the University shall be made by the State Government by notification.
(2) The Executive Council may from time to time, make new or additional Statutes or may amend or repeal the Statutes referred to in sub-section (1):
Provided that the Executive Council shall not make, amend, or repeal any Statute affecting the status, powers or constitution of any authority of the University until such authority has been given a reasonable opportunity to express its opinion in writing on the proposed changes and any opinion so expressed has been considered by the Executive Council.
(3) Every new Statute or addition to a statute or any amendment or repeal of statute shall be submitted to the Chancellor, who may assent to it or withhold his assent thereon or remit it to the Executive Council for further consideration.
(4) A new Statute or a statute amending or repealing an existing statute shall not be valid unless it has been assented to by the Chancellor.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing sub-sections, the Chancellor may make new or additional Statutes or amend or repeal the Statutes referred to in sub-section (1) during the period of three years from the commencement of this Act.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 28-31]
(6) Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing sub-sections the State Government may direct the Executive Council to make provision in the Statutes in respect of any matter specified by it, and if the Executive Council is unable to implement such a direction within sixty days of its receipt, the State Government may, with the assent of the Chancellor, after considering the reasons, if any, communicated by the Executive Council for its inability to comply with such direction, make or amend the Statutes suitably.
Ordinances 28- (1) Subject to the provision of this Act and the Statutes, the Ordinances may provide for any matter which by this Act or the Statutes is to be or may be provided for by the Ordinances.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of sub- section (1), the Ordinances shall provide for the following matters, namely :-
(a) the admission of student, the courses of study and the fees therefor, the qualifications pertaining to the degrees, diplomas, certificates and other courses the conditions for the grant of fellow-ships, awards and the like;
(b) the conduct of examinations, including the terms and conditions and appointment of examiners; and
(c) the management of Colleges admitted to the privileges of the University.
(3) The first Ordinance shall be made by the Vice-Chancellor with the previous approval of the State Government and the Ordinance so made may be amended, repealed or added to at any time by the Executive Council in such manner as may be prescribed.
Regulations 29- The authorities of the University may make Regulations consistent with this Act the Statutes and the Ordinances for the conduct, of their own business and that of the committees, if any, appointed by them not provided for by this Act, Statutes or the Ordinances, in such manner as may be prescribed.
CHAPTER-VII Annual Report and Accounts
Annual Report 30- (1) The annual report of the University shall be prepared under the direction of the Executive Council which shall include, among other matters, the steps taken by the University towards the fulfillment of its objects.
(2) The annual report so prepared shall be submitted to the Chancellor on or before such date as may be prescribed.
(3) A copy of the annual report, prepared under sub-section (1) shall also be submitted to the State Government.
Account and
Audit
31- (1) The annual accounts and the balance sheet of the University shall be prepared under the direction of the Executive Council and shall, once at least every year, and at intervals of not more than fifteen months, be audited by the Directors, Local Fund Accounts, Uttar Pradesh or by such person or persons as the State Government may authorize in this behalf.
(2) A copy of the annual accounts and the balance sheet together with the audit report thereon shall be submitted to the State Government alongwith the observations, if any, of the Executive Council before the thirtieth of Septembers every year.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 32-36]
(3) Any observations made by the State Government on the annual accounts shall be brought to the notice of the Executive Council and the views of the Executive Council, if any, on such observations shall be submitted to the State Government.
Surcharge 32- (1) An Officer specified in any of the clauses (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) of section 9 shall be liable to surcharge for the loss waste or misapplication of any money or property of the University, if such loss waste or misapplication is a direct consequence of his neglect or misconduct.
(2) The procedure of surcharge and the manner of recovery of the amount involved in such loss, waste or misapplication shall be such as may be prescribed.
CHAPTER-VIII Conditions of Service of Employees
Conditions of service of employees 33- (1) Except as otherwise provided by or under this Act an employee including a teacher of the University may be appointed under a written contract and such contract shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, the Statutes and the Ordinances.
(2) The contract referred to in sub-section (1) shall lodged with Finance Officer of the University and a copy of which shall be furnished to the employee concerned.
Tribunal of
Arbitration
34- (1) Any dispute arising out of a contract of employment referred to in section 33 between the University and an employee or a teacher shall, at the request of either party be referred to a Tribunal of Arbitration which shall consist of one member nominated by the Executive Council, one member nominated by the employee or teacher concerned and an umpire to be nominated by the Chancellor.
(2) Every such reference shall be deemed to be a submission to arbitration upon the terms of this section within the meaning of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
Provident and
pension Funds
35- (1) The University shall constitute for the benefit of the employees and teachers such provident or pension funds or provide such insurance schemes as it may deem fit in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.
(2) Where any provident or pension fund has been so constituted, the State Government may declare that the provisions of the Provident Funds Act, 1925 shall apply to such funds, as if it were a Government Provident Fund.
CHAPTER-IX Miscellaneous
Disputes as to the Consti- tution of the authorities and bodies
36- If any question arises as to whether any person has been duly elected or appointed as, or is entitled to be, a member of any authority or other body of the University, the matter shall be referred to the Chancellor whose decision thereon shall be final.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 37-42] Filling of
Casual
Vacancies
37- All the casual vacancies among the members other than ex-officio members of any authority or other body of the University shall be filled as soon as may be convenient, by the person or body who appoints, elects, or co-opts the members whose place has become vacant and any person appointed, elected or co-opted to a casual vacancy shall be a member of such authority or body for the residue of the term for which the person whose place he fills would have been member. Proceeding of
the University
authorities or
bodies not
invalidated by
vacancies
38- No act or proceeding of any authority or any other body of the University shall be, invalidate merely by reason of the existence of any vacancy or vacancies among its members.
Protection of
action taken in
good faith
39- No suit or other legal proceedings shall lie against any officer or employee of the University for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done in pursuance of any of the provisions of this Act or the Statutes or the Ordinances. Staff of the
University
40- (1) The University shall appoint such number of employees including academic staff as may be sanctioned by the State Government from time to time. The terms and conditions of service of the employees of the University shall be such as may be prescribed.
(2) The salaries and allowances payable to various categories of employees of the University shall be such as may be determined by the State Government from time to time.
CHAPTER-X Miscellaneous and Transitory Provisions
Power to remove difficulties 41- (1) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the State Government may, by a notified order, make such provisions, not consistent with the provisions of this Act at appears to it to be necessary of expedient for removing the difficulty.
(2) No order under sub-section (1) shall be made after the expiration of the period of two years from the commencement of this Act. Transitional
provisions
42- Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act and the Statutes :-
(a) The first Vice-Chancellor, the first Registrar and the first Controller of examination shall be appointed by the State Government and they shall be governed by the terms and conditions of service specified by the Statutes:
Provided that the first Vice-Chancellor shall be eligible for appointment in the manner specified in the Statutes for another term;
(b) The first Executive Council shall consist of not more than fifteen members who shall be nominated by the Chancellor and they shall hold office for a term of two years; and
(c) (i) The first Planning Board shall consist of not more than ten members who shall be nominated by the Chancellor and they shall hold the office for a term of two years;
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Section 43-44]
(ii) The Planning Board shall in addition to the powers and functions conferred on it by this Act, exercise the powers of the Academic Council, until the Academic Council is constituted under the provisions of this Act and the Statutes, and in the exercise of such powers, the Planning Board may co- opt such members as it may decide.
Statutes,
Ordinances and
Regulations to
be published in
the Gazette
43- (1) Every Statutes, Ordinance or Regulation made under this Act shall be published in the Gazette.
(2) First Statutes, Ordinances or Regulations made under this Act, shall, as soon as may be after it is made, be laid before U. P. Act No.1 of 1904 both Houses of the State Legislature and the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 23-A of the Uttar Pradesh General Clauses Act, 1904 shall apply as they apply in respect of rules made by the State Government under any Uttar Pradesh Act. Repeal and
Saving
44- (1) The Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University Ordinance, 1998 is hereby repealed.
(2) Notwithstanding such repeal, anything done or any action taken under the provisions of the ordinance, referred to in sub-section (1) shall be deemed have been done or taken under this Act as if the provisions of this Act were in force at all material times.
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[The U. P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University Act, 1999] [Schedule]
THE SCHEDULE
(See Section 4)
THE OBJECTS OF THE UNIVERSITY
1. The University shall, endeavor through education, research, training and extension to play a positive role in the development of the State, and, based on the rich heritage of the State to promote and advance the culture of the people of India and its human resources and towards this, end, it shall;
(a) Strengthen and diversify the degree, diploma and certificate courses related to the needs of employment and necessary for building the economy of the country on the basis of its natural and human resources:
(b) Provide access to higher education for large segments of the population, and in particular, the disadvantaged groups such as those living in remote and rural areas including working people, house-wives and other adults who wish to upgrade or acquire knowledge through studies in various fields;
(c) promote acquisition of knowledge in a rapidly developing and changing society and to continually offer opportunity for upgrading knowledge, training and skills in the context or innovations, research and discovery in all fields of human endca vours;
(d) provide an innovative system of University level education, flexible and open, in regard to methods and pace of learning combination of courses, eligibility for enrolment age of entry, conduct of examination and operation of the programmes with a view to promote learning and encourage excellence in new fields of knowledge;
(e) contribute to the improvement of the educational system by providing a non- formal channel complementary to the formal system and encouraging transfer of credits and exchange of teaching staff by making wide use of texts and other software developed by the University;
(f) provide education and training in the various arts, crafts and skills of the country, rasing their quality and improving their availability to the people;
(g) provide or arranged training of teachers required for such activities or institutions;
(h) provide suitable Post-graduate courses of study and promote research;
(i) provide the counseling and guidance to its students; and
(j) promote national integration and the integrated development of the human personality through its policies and programmes.
2. The University shall strive to fulfill the above objects by a diversity of means of distance and continuing education, and shall function in co-operation with the existing Universities and Institutions of higher learning and make full use of the latest scientific knowledge and new educational technology to offer a high quality of education which matches contemporary needs.
221
mÙkj izns'k jktf"kZ V.Mu eqDr fo'ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999 ¿mÙkj izns'k vf/kfu;e la[;k 10 lu~ 1999À ¼tSlk mÙkj izns'k fo/kku e.My }kjk ikfjr gqvk½ mÙkj izns'k esa nwj f'k{kk i)fr ds izkjEHk vkSj lao/kZu ds fy, eqDr fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk vkSj mlls lEcfU/kr ;k vkuq"kafxd fo"k;ksa dh O;oLFkk djus ds fy, vf/kfu;e
Hkkjr x.kjkT; ds ipklosa o"kZ esa fuEufyf[kr vf/kfu;e cuk;k tkrk gS %& v/;k; & ,d
izkjfEHkd
1&& ¼1½ ;g vf/kfu;e mÙkj izns'k jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999 dgk tk;xkA
¼2½ ;g ,sls fnukad dks izòÙk gksxk] ftls jkT; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk] bl fufeÙk fu;r djsaA
Lkaf{kIr uke] foLrkj vkSj
izkjEHk
2&& bl vf/kfu;e esa] & ifjHkk"kk,a
¼d½ Þfo|k ifj"kn~ß vkSj Þdk;Z ifj"kn~ß dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; dh Øe'k% fo|k ifj"kn~ vkSj dk;Z ifj"kn~ ls gS(
¼[k½ ÞekU;rk cksMZß dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; ds ekU;rk cksMZ ls gS( ¼x½ Þegkfo|ky;ß dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; }kjk LFkkfir ;k vuqjf{kr ;k ,sls fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkj izkIr egkfo|ky; ;k vU; 'kS{kf.kd laLFkk ls gS( ¼?k½ Þnwj f'k{kk i)frß dk rkRi;Z lapkj ds fdlh ek/;e ls] ;Fkk izlkj.k] nwj&n"̀; izlkj.k] i=kpkj ikB~;Øe] lsfeukj] lEidZ dk;ZØe vFkok ,sls fdlh nks ;k vf/kd lk/kuksa ds la;kstu }kjk f'k{kk nsus dh iz.kkyh ls gS(
¼³½ ßfoÙk lfefrÞ dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; dh foÙk lfefr ls gS(
¼p½ ÞvU; fiNM+s oxksZaß dk rkRi;Z le;≤ ij ;Fkkla'kksf/kr mÙkj izns'k yksd lsok ¼vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa] vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa vkSj vU; fiNM+s oxksZa ds fy, vkj{k.k½ vf/kfu;e] 1994 dh vuqlwph ,d esa fofufnZ"V ukxfjdksa ds fiNMs+ oxksZa ls gS(
¼N½ Þ;kstuk cksMZß dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; ds ;kstuk cksMZ ls gS(
¼t½ Þfofgrß dk rkRi;Z ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr ls gS(
¼>½ Þfo|ky;ß dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; ds v/;;u dsUnz ls gS(
¼¥½ Þifjfu;eksaß] Þv/;kns'kksaß vkSj Þfofu;eksaÞ dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; ds Øe'k% ifjfu;eksa] v/;kns'kksa vkSj fofu;eksa ls gS(
¼V½ Þfo|kFkhZß dk rkRi;Z fo'ofo|ky; ds fo|kFkhZ ls gS vkSj blds vUrxZr ,slk dksbZ O;fDr Hkh gS] ftlus fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh ikB~;Øe esa v/;;u gsrq viuk ukekadu djk;k gS( ¼B½ Þv/;;u dsUnzß dk rkRi;Z fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lykg nsus] ijke'kZ nsus ;k muds }kjk visf{kr vU; lgk;rk nsus ds iz;kstu ls fo'ofo|ky; }kjk LFkkfir vuqjf{kr ;k ekU;rk izkIr dsUnz ls gS(
222
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 3&5À ¼M½ Þv/;kidß dk rkRi;Z fdlh ,sls O;fDr ls gS] tks fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh ikB~;Øe esa v/;;u ds fy, fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk ekxZn'kZu djus ;k mldh lgk;rk djus ds fy, fo'ofo|ky; esa f'k{k.k nsus ds fy, fu;ksftr gks vkSj blds vUrxZr egkfo|ky; ds izkpk;Z ;k funs'kd Hkh gS( ¼<½ Þfo'ofo|ky;ß dk rkRi;Z /kkjk 3 ds v/khu LFkkfir mÙkj izns'k jktf"kZ V.Mu eqDr fo'ofo|ky; ls gSA
v/;k; & nks
fo'ofo|ky; ,oa mlds mn~ns';
3&& ¼1½ mÙkj izns'k jktf"kZ V.Mu eqDr fo'ofo|ky; ds uke ls ,d fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk dh tk;sxhA
¼2½ fo'ofo|ky; dk eq[;ky; bykgkckn esa gksxk rFkk og jkT; esa ,sls vU; LFkkuksa ij] ftUgsa og mfpr le>sa] egkfo|ky; ;k v/;;u dsUnz LFkkfir ;k vuqjf{kr dj ldsxkA ¼3½ dqykf/kifr] dqyifr rFkk dk;Zifj"kn~ ,oa fo|k ifj"kn~ ds lnL;ksa dh gSfl;r ls fo'ofo|ky; esa rRle; in/kkjd] mÙkj izns'k jktf"kZ V.Mu eqDr fo'ofo|ky; ds uke ls ,d fuxfer fudk; dk xBu djsaxsA
fo'ofo|ky; dk LFkkiu
,oa fuxeu
4&& fo'ofo|ky; nwj f'k{kk i)fr ds ek/;e ls vfrla[;k tuleqnk; esa fo|k vkSj Kku ds izlkj esa vfHkòf) djsxk vkSj vius fØ;kdykiksa dh lapkfyr djus esa vuqlwph esa fofufnZ"V mn~~ns';ksa dk lE;d~ /;ku j[ksxkA
fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns';
5&& fo'ofo|ky; dh 'kfDr;ka fuEufyf[kr gksaxh] vFkkZr~ %& fo'ofo|ky; dh 'kfDr;ka ¼,d½ Kku] izkS|ksfxdh] òfÙk;ksa ,oa O;olk;ksa dh ,slh 'kk[kkvksa esa tSlh fo'ofo|ky; }kjk le;≤ ij fu/kkZfjr dh tk;] f'k{k.k gsrq O;oLFkk djuk rFkk vuqla/kku dk O;oLFkkiu djuk( ¼nks½ mikf/k;ksa] mikf/k&i=ksa] izek.k&i=ksa vFkok fdlh vU; iz;kstu gsrq f'k{k.k ikB~;Øekas dks ;ksftr ,oa fofgr djuk(
¼rhu½ ifjfu;eksa ,oa v/;kns'kksa }kjk vf/kdfFkr jhfr ds vuqlkj] ijh{kkvksa dk vk;kstu djuk rFkk ,sls O;fDr;ksa dks] ftUgksaus fdlh f'k{k.k ikB~;Øe dk v/;;u fd;k gS ;k vuqla/kku fd;k gS] mikf/k;ksa] mikf/k&i=ksa vFkok vU; 'kS{kf.kd fof'k"Vrk,a ;k ekU;rk,a aiznku djuk( ¼pkj½ fofgr jhfr ds vuqlkj] ekun mikf/k;ka vFkok vU; fof'k"Vrk;sa iznku djuk( ¼ikap½ fo'ofo|ky; ds 'kS{kf.kd dk;ZØeksa ds lEcU/k esa nwj f'k{kk dk vk;kstu djus dh jhfr dk fu/kkZj.k djuk(
¼N%½ f'k{k.k nsus ds fy, ;k 'kS{kf.kd lkexzh rS;kj djus ds fy, ;k ,sls vU; 'kS{kf.kd fØ;kdykiksa dk lapkyu djus ds fy, ftuds vUrxZr ikB~;Øeksa ds fy, ekxZn'kZu] mudh :ijs[kk rS;kj djuk vkSj mudk izLrqrhdj.k Hkh gS( vkSj Nk=ksa }kjk fd;s x;s dk;Z ds ewY;kadu ds fy, vkpk;Z] mikpk;Z] izk/;kid ls lacaf/kr in vkSj vU; 'kS{kf.kd in lafLFkr djuk vkSj ,sls vkpk;Z] mikpk;Z] izk/;kid vkSj vU; 'kS{kf.kd inksa ij O;fDr;ksa dks fu;qDr djuk( ¼lkr½ vU; fo'ofo|ky;ksa] mPp f'k{kk laLFkkvksa] òfÙkd fudk;ksa vkSj laxBuksa ds lkFk ,sls iz;kstuksa ds fy,] tks fo'ofo|ky; vko';d le>s] lg;ksx djuk vkSj mudk lg;ksx izkIr djuk(
223
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 5À ¼vkB½ v/;srk òfÙk] Nk=òfÙk] iqjLdkj vkSj ;ksX;rk dh ekU;rk ds fy, ,sls vU; ifjrksf"kd lafLFkr djuk vkSj nsuk] tks fo'ofo|ky; Bhd le>s(
¼ukS½ ,sls {ks=h; dsUnz LFkkfir djuk vkSj cuk;s j[kuk tks fo'ofo|ky; }kjk le;≤ ij vo/kkfjr fd;s tk;a(
¼nl½ fofgr jhfr ls v/;;u dsUnz LFkkfir djuk] mUgsa cuk;s j[kuk ;k ekU;rk nsuk( ¼X;kjg½ f'k{kk lkexzh] ftlds vUrxZr fQYesa] dSlsV] Vsi] ohfM;ks dSlsV vkSj vU; e`nq lkexzh gS] rS;kj djus ds fy, O;oLFkk djuk(
¼ckjg½ v/;kidksa] ikB~;ys[kdksa] ewY;kaddksa vkSj vU; 'kS{kf.kd deZpkfjòUn ds fy, iqu'p;kZ ikB~;Øe] deZ'kkyk;sa] fopkj xksf"B;ka vkSj vU; dk;ZØe vk;ksftr djuk vkSj mudk lapkyu djuk( ¼rsjg½ vU; fo'ofo|ky;ksa] laLFkkvksa ;k mPprj f'k{kk ds vU; LFkkuksa esa ijh{kkvksa ;k v/;;u dh vof/k;ksa dks] pkgs iw.kZr% ;k vkxr% fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ijh{kkvksa ;k v/;;u dh vof/k;ksa ds lerqY; :i esa ekU;rk nsuk vkSj fdlh Hkh le; ,slh ekU;rk dks okil ysuk( ¼pkSng½ 'kSf{kd izkS|ksfxdh vkSj lEcfU/kr fo"k;ksa esa vuqla/kku rFkk fodkl dh O;oLFkk djuk( ¼iUnzg½ iz'kkldh;] fyfid&oxhZ; rFkk vU; vko';d inksa dk l̀tu djuk rFkk mu ij fu;qfDr;ka djuk(
¼lksyg½ fo'ofo|ky; ds iz;kstuksa gsrq lUnku] nku vkSj migkj xzg.k djuk rFkk U;klh; vkSj jktdh; lEifÙk lfgr fdlh Hkh py ;k vpy lEifÙk dk miktZu] /kkj.k] vuqj{k.k rFkk fuLrkj.k djuk(
¼l=g½ fo'ofo|ky; ds iz;kstuksa gsrq jkT; ljdkj ds vuqeksnu ls] fo'ofo|ky; dh lEifÙk dh izfrHkwfr ij ;k vU;Fkk] _.k ij /ku izkIr djuk(
¼vB~Bkjg½ lafonk;sa djuk] mudks dk;kZfUor] ifjofrZr vFkok fujLr djuk( ¼mUuhl½ v/;kns'kksa }kjk fu;r 'kqYdksa vkSj vU; izHkkjksa dh ekax ,oa izkfIr djuk( ¼chl½ Nk=ksa vkSj lHkh izoxksZa ds deZpkfj;ksa ds chp vuq'kklu dh O;oLFkk djuk] fu;a=.k djuk vkSj mls cuk;s j[kuk vkSj ,sls deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok 'krksZa dks] ftuds vUrxZr mudh vkpj.k lafgrk;sa Hkh gSa vf/kdfFkr djuk(
¼bDdhl½ mPprj fo|k ;k v/;;u dh fdlh laLFkk dks ,sls iz;kstuksa ds fy,] tks fo'ofo|ky; vo/kkfjr djs] ekU;rk nsuk vkSj ,slh ekU;rk dks okil ysuk(
¼ckbZl½ lafonk ij ;k vU;Fkk vH;kxr vkpk;ksZa] izfrf"Br vkpk;ksZa] ijkef'kZ;ksa] v/;srkvksa] fo}kuksa] dykdkjksa] ikB~;Øe ys[kdksa vkSj ,sls vU; O;fDr;ksa dks] tks fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns';ksa dh vfHkòf) esa ;ksxnku dj ldsa] fu;qDr djuk(
¼rsbZl½ vU; fo'ofo|ky;ksa] laLFkkvksa ;k laxBuksa esa dk;Zjr O;fDr;ksa dks fo'ofo|ky; ds f'k{kdksa ds :i esa ,sls fuca/kuksa vkSj 'krksZa ij tks v/;kns'kksa }kjk vf/kdfFkr dh tk;a] ekU;rk nsuk( ¼pkSchl½ fo'ofo|ky; ds v/;;u ikB~;Øe esa Nk=ksa ds izos'k ds fy, 'krsZ a fofufnZ"V djuk] ftuds vUrxZr ijh{kk] ewY;kadu vkSj ijh{k.k dh dksbZ vU; jhfr gS(
¼iPphl½ deZpkfj;ksa ds lk/kkj.k LokLF; vkSj dY;k.k dh vfHkof̀) ds fy, izcU/k djuk(
224
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 6&8À ¼NCchl½ fofgr jhfr ls fdlh egkfo|ky; ;k fdlh {ks=h; dsUnz dks Lok;Ùk izkfLFkfr iznku djuk(
¼lÙkkbZl½ ,slh 'krksZa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] tks fofgr dh tk;a jkT; esa fdlh egkfo|ky; dks fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkj nsuk %
ijUrq ;g fdlh Hkh egkfo|ky; dks ,sls fo'ks"kkf/kdkj dqykf/kifr ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ds fcuk ugha fn;s tk;saxs(
¼vV~BkbZl½ ,sls lHkh dk;Z djuk] tks fo'ofo|ky; dh ,slh lHkh ;k fdUgha 'kfDr;ksa ds] tks vko';d gSa] iz;ksx ls vkuq"kkafxd gksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds lHkh ;k fdUgha mn~ns';ksa ds laizorZu esa lgk;d gksA
6&& rRle; izo`Ùk fdlh vU; fof/k eas fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh fo'ofo|ky; dks viuh 'kfDr;ksa ds iz;ksx esa vf/kdkfjrk lEiw.kZ mÙkj izns'k ij gksxhA
'kfDr;ksa dk izknsf'kd
iz;ksx
7&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; oxksZa vkSj iaFkksa dk fopkj fd;s fcuk lHkh O;fDr;ksa ds fy, pkgs L=h gks ;k iq:"k] [kqyk gksxk vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds fy, ,sls fdlh O;fDr dks fo'ofo|ky; ds f'k{kd ds :i esa fu;qfDr fd;s tkus ;k mlesa dksbZ vU; in /kkj.k djus ;k fo'ofo|ky; esa Nk= ds :i esa izos'k izkIr djus ;k mlesa mikf/k izkIr djus ;k mlds fdlh fo'ks"kkf/kdkj dk mi;ksx djus ;k iz;ksx dk gdnkj cukus ds fy, dksbZ Hkh /kkfeZd fo'okl ;k ekU;rk dk ekun.M viukuk] ml ij vf/kjksfir djuk fof/kiw.kZ ugha gksxkA
fo'ofo|ky; dk lHkh
oxksZa vkSj iaFkks ds fy,
[kqyk gksuk
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ dh dksbZ ckr fo'ofo|ky; dh fL=;ksa] ;k vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa ;k vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa ;k vU; fiNM+s oxksZa ds O;fDr;ksa dks fu;qfDr ;k izos'k ds fy, fo'ks"k micU/k djus ls fuokfjr djus okyh ugha le>h tk;sxhA
v/;k;& rhu
fujh{k.k rFkk tkap
8&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj dks fdlh ,sls O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa }kjk] tSlk og funs'k ns fo'ofo|ky; vFkok fo'ofo|ky; }kjk vuqjf{kr fdlh egkfo|ky; ;k v/;;u dsUnz] ftlds vUrxZr muds Hkou] iqLrdky;] iz;ksx'kkyk] deZ'kkyk vkSj miLdj Hkh gSa vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ;k ,sls egkfo|ky; ;k v/;;u dsUnz }kjk lapkfyr ;k yh x;h ijh{kkvksa] f'k{k.k vkSj vU; dk;Z dk Hkh fujh{k.k djus ;k fo'ofo|ky; ;k ,sls egkfo|ky; ;k ,sls dsUnzksa ds iz'kklu vkSj foÙk ls lEcfU/kr fdlh fo"k; ds lEcU/k esa mlh jhfr ls tkap djkus dk vf/kdkj gksxkA
fujh{k.k
¼2½ tgk¡ jkT; ljdkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu fujh{k.k ;k tkap djkus dk fofu'p; djs] ogka og mldh lwpuk dqylfpo ds ek/;e ls fo'ofo|ky; dks nsxh vkSj dk;Z ifj"kn~ }kjk uke fufnZ"V dksbZ O;fDr fo'fo|ky; ds izfrfuf/k ds :i esa ,sls fujh{k.k ;k tkap ds le; mifLFkr gks ldrk gS vkSj mls bl :i esa lquokbZ dk vf/kdkj gksxk %
ijUrq ;g fd ,sls fujh{k.k ;k tkap esa fo'ofo|ky; dh vksj ls dksbZ fof/k O;oLkk;h izLrqr ugha gksxk] vfHkopu ;k d`R; ugha djsxkA
225
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 9À ¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu fujh{k.k ;k tkap ds fy, fu;qDr O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa dks 'kiFk ij lk{; ysus vkSj lkf{k;ksa dh mifLFkr gksus ds fy, ck/; djus vkSj nLrkostksa vkSj HkkSfrd oLrqvksa dks izLrqr djus ds fy, foo'k djus ds iz;kstukFkZ os lHkh 'kfDr;ka izkIr gksaxh tks flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 ds v/khu fdlh okn ij fopkj djrs le; fdlh flfoy U;k;ky; dh gksrh gSa vkSj ,sls O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa dks n.M izfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 dh /kkjk 345 ,oa 346 ds vFkkZUrxZr flfoy U;k;ky; le>k tk;sxk vkSj mlds ;k muds le{k fdlh dk;Zokgh dks Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk dh /kkjk 193 vkSj 228 ds vFkkZUrxZr U;kf;d dk;Zokgh le>h tk;sxhA
¼4½ jkT; ljdkj ,sls fujh{k.k ;k tkap ds ifj.kke ds lanHkZ eas dqyifr dks lEcksf/kr djsxh vkSj dqyifr dk;Z ifj"kn~ dks jkT; ljdkj ds fopkj vkSj ml ij yh tkus ;ksX; dk;Zokgh ds lEcU/k esa jkT; ljdkj }kjk nh x;h lykg dh lalwpuk nsxkA
¼5½ rRi'pkr~ dqyifr ,sls le; ds Hkhrj] tSlk jkT; ljdkj fu/kkZfjr djs] mls dk;Z ifj"kn~ }kjk d`r ;k izLrkfor dk;Zokgh dh fjiksVZ izLrqr djsxkA
¼6½ ;fn fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh ;qfDr;qDr le; ds Hkhrj jkT; ljdkj ds larks"kkuqlkj dk;Zokgh ugha djrs] rks jkT; ljdkj ,sls fdlh Li"Vhdj.k ij] ftls ,sls izkf/kdkjh izLrqr djsa] fopkj djus ds i'pkr~ ,sls funs'k ns ldrh gS tSlk og mfpr le>s vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh ,sls funs'kksa dk vuqikyu djsaxsA
¼7½ jkT; ljdkj dqykf/kifr dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu djk;s x;s fujh{k.k ;k tkap dh izR;sd fjiksVZ dh vkSj mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds v/khu dqyifr ls izkIr izR;sd lalwpuk dh vkSj mi/kkjk ¼6½ ds v/khu fn;s x;s izR;sd funs'k dh vkSj ,sls funs'k ds vuuqikyu ;k vuqikyu ds lEcU/k esa izR;sd fjiksVZ ;k lwpuk dh ,d izfr HkstsxhA
¼8½ mi/kkjk ¼6½ ds micU/kksa ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk ;fn dqykf/kifr dh] mi/kkjk ¼7½ esa fufnZ"V fdlh nLrkost ;k lkexzh ij] fopkj djus ds i'pkr~ ;g jk; gks fd dk;Z ifj"kn~ vius d`R;ksa dk ikyu djus esa vlQy jgh gS vFkok mlus viuh 'kfDr;ksa dk nq:i;ksx fd;k gS rks og fyf[kr Li"Vhdj.k izLrqr djus dk mls volj nsus ds i'pkr~ ;g vkns'k ns ldsxk fd mDr dk;Z ifj"kn~ dks vf/kØfer djrs gq, dqyifr rFkk nl ls vuf/kd ,sls vU; O;fDr;ksa ls ftUgsa dqykf/kifr bl fufeÙk fu;qDr djsa] ftlds vUrxZr vf/kdzfer dk;Z ifj"kn~ dk dksbZ lnL; Hkh gS] xfBr ,d rnFkZ lfefr nks o"kZ ls vuf/kd ,slh vof/k ds fy, tSlh dqykf/kifr le;≤ ij fofufnZ"V djsa bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu dk;Z ifj"kn~ dh lHkh 'kfDr;ksa vkSj d`R;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj vuqikyu djsxhA ¼9½ mi/kkjk ¼8½ ds v/khu vkns'k fn;s tkus ij mlls vf/kdzfer dk;Z ifj"kn~ ds lHkh lnL;ksa dh] ftlds vUrxZr insu lnL; Hkh gSa] inkof/k lekIr gks tk;sxh vkSj ,sls lHkh lnL; bl :i esa viuk in fjDr dj nsaxsA
v/;k;& pkj
fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh
9&& fo'ofo|ky; ds fuEufyf[kr vf/kdkjh gksaxs %& fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh ¼d½ dqykf/kifr(
¼[k½ dqyifr(
¼x½ izfr&dqyifr(
¼?k½ funs'kd(
¼³½ dqylfpo(
¼p½ foÙk vf/kdkjh(
226
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 10&11À ¼N½ ijh{kk fu;a=d] rFkk
¼t½ ,sls vU; vf/kdkjh] tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh ?kksf"kr fd;s tk;aA
10&& ¼1½ jkT;iky fo'ofo|ky; dk dqykf/kifr gksxkA og vius in ds vk/kkj ij fo'ofo|ky; dk iz/kku gksxk vkSj tc og mifLFkr gks rks] fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh nh{kkUr lekjksg dk lHkkifrRo djsxkA
dqykf/kifr
¼2½ lEekfur mikf/k iznku djus dh izR;sd izLFkkiuk dqykf/kifr dh iqf"V ds v/;/khu gksxhA
¼3½ dqyifr dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd fo'ofo|ky; ds iz'kklu dk;Z ls lEcfU/kr ,slh tkudkjh ;k vfHkys[k ftUgsa dqykf/kifr ekaxs] izLrqr djsA
¼4½ dqykf/kifr dks ,slh vU; 'kfDr;ka gksaxh] tks mls bl vf/kfu;e ;k ifjfu;eksa }kjk ;k muds v/khu iznku dh tk;A
11&& ¼1½ dqyifr fo'ofo|ky; dk iw.kZdkfyd oSrfud vf/kdkjh gksxk vkSj dqykf/kifr }kjk ml jhfr ls] ml vof/k ds fy, vkSj mu miyfC/k;ksa vkSj vU; lsok 'krksZa ij tSlh fd fofgr dh tk;a] fu;qDr fd;k tk;sxkA
dqyifr
¼2½ dqyifr fo'ofo|ky; dk iz/kku dk;Zikyd rFkk 'kS{kf.kd vf/kdkjh gksxk vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds dk;Zdykiksa ij i;Zos{k.k vkSj fu;a=.k j[ksxk vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds lHkh izkf/kdkfj;ksa ds fofu'p;ksa dks dk;kZfUor djsxkA
¼3½ ;fn dqyifr ds erkuqlkj fdlh fo"k; ij rRdky dk;Zokgh vko';d gS rks og bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k blds v/khu fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh dks iznÙk fdlh 'kfDr dk iz;ksx dj ldrk gS rFkk ,sls fo"k; ij Lo;a }kjk dr̀ dk;Zokgh dks ,sls vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh dks lalwfpr djsxk %
ijUrq ;g fd ;fn lEcfU/kr vf/kdkjh] izkf/kdkjh ds erkuqlkj ,slh dk;Zokgh ugha dh tkuh pkfg, Fkh] rks og fo"k; dks dqykf/kifr dks lanfHkZr dj ldrk gS] ftldk ml fo"k; ij fofu'p; vfUre gksxk %
ijUrq ;g vkSj fd fo'ofo|ky; dh lsok esa fdlh O;fDr dks] tks bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dqyifr }kjk dh xbZ dk;Zokgh ls O;fFkr gks] ,slh dk;Zokgh ds fo:) ml fnukad ls tc mls ,slh dk;Zokgh ds lEcU/k esa fofu'p; ls lalwfpr fd;k tk;] uCcs fnuksa ds Hkhrj dk;Z ifj"kn~ dks] vihy djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk vkSj rnqijkUr dk;Z&ifj"kn~] dqyifr }kjk dh xbZ dk;Zokgh dks iq"V ;k mikUrfjr dj ldsxh ;k mls myV ldrh gSA
¼4½ ;fn dqyifr dh ;g jk; gS fd fdlh izkf/kdkjh dk fofu'p; bl vf/kfu;e ifjfu;eksa ;k v/;kns'ksa ds mica/kksa }kjk iznÙk izkf/kdkjh dh 'kfDr;ksa ds ijs gS ;k ;g gS fd fd;k x;k dksbZ fofu'p; fo'ofo|ky; ds fgr esa ugha gS rks og lacaf/kr izkf/kdkjh dks ,sls fofu'p; dh lkB fnu ds Hkhrj vius fofu'p; dk iqufoZyksdu djus ds fy, dg ldsxk vkSj ;fn izkf/kdkjh vius fofu'p; dk iw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr% iqufoZyksdu djus ls bUdkj djrk gS ;k lkB fnu dh mDr vof/k ds Hkhrj mlds }kjk dksbZ fofu'p; ugha fd;k tkrk gS rks ekeyk dqykf/kifr dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk;xk] ftldk ml ij fofu'p; vafre gksxk %
ijUrq lEcfU/kr izkf/kdkjh dk fofu'p;] ;FkkfLFkfr] izkf/kdkjh ;k dqykf/kifr }kjk bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu] ,sls fofu'p; ds iqufoZyksdu dh vof/k ds nkSjku fuyfEcr jgsxkA ¼5½ dqyifr ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls vU; d`R;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks ifjfu;eksa ;k v/;kns'kksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;aA
227
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 12&18À 12&& izfr&dqyifr dh fu;qfDr dqyifr }kjk ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,slh miyfC/k;ksa rFkk lsok dh vU; 'krksZa ij dh tk;sxh vkSj og ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx rFkk ,sls dR̀;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
izfr&dqyifr
13&& izR;sd funs'kd dh fu;qfDr ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,slh miyfC/k;ksa rFkk lsok dh vU; 'krksZa ij dh tk;sxh vkSj og ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx rFkk ,sls dR̀;ksa dk ikyu djsxk tks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
funs'kd
14&& ¼1½ dqylfpo dh fu;qfDr jkT; ljdkj }kjk ,slh jhfr ls] ,slh miyfC/k;ksa vkSj lsok dh vU; 'krksZa ij nh tk;sxh vkSj og ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx rFkk ,sls dR̀;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks fofgr fd;s tk;aaA
dqylfpo
¼2½ dqylfpo dks fo'ofo|ky; dh vksj ls vfHkys[kksa dks vf/kizekf.kr djus dh 'kfDRk gksxhA
15&& ¼1½ foÙk vf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr jkT; ljdkj }kjk ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,slh miyfC/k;ksa vkSj lsok dh 'krksZa ij dh tk;sxh vkSj og ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls dR̀;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
foÙk vf/kdkjh
¼2½ foÙk vf/kdkjh fo'ofo|ky; dh vksj ls lHkh lafonk;sa djsxk vkSj mUgsa gLrk{kfjr djsxkA
16&& ¼1½ ijh{kk fu;a=d dh fu;qfDr jkT; ljdkj }kjk ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,slh miyfC/k;ksa vkSj lsok 'krksZa ij dh tk;sxh vkSj og ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls d`R;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
ijh{kk fu;a=d
¼2½ tc] fdlh dkj.k ls] ijh{kk fu;a=d dk in fjDr gks rc ijh{kk fu;a=d dh lHkh 'kfDRk;ksa vkSj dR̀;ksa dk ikyu dqylfpo }kjk ;k ,sls vU; O;fDr }kjk] ftls dk;Z ifj"kn~ }kjk fu;qDr fd;k tk;] fd;k tk;sxkA
17&& fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr dh jhfr mudh miyfC/k;ka] 'kfDr;ka vkSj drZO; ,sls gksaxs] tks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
vU; vf/kdkjh
v/;k; & ikap
fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh
18&& fo'ofo|ky; ds fuEufyf[kr izkf/kdkjh gksaxs %& fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh ¼d½ dk;Z ifj"kn~(
¼[k½ fo|k ifj"kn~(
¼x½ ;kstuk cksMZ(
¼?k½ ekU;rk cksMZ(
¼³½ v/;;u dsUnz(
¼p½ foÙk lfefr(
¼N½ ijh{kk lfefr( vkSj
¼t½ ,sls vU; izkf/kdkjh tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh gksus ds fy, ?kksf"kr fd;s tk;aA
228
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 19&26À 19&& ¼1½ dk;Z ifj"kn~ fo'ofo|ky; dk iz/kku dk;Zikyd fudk; gksxkA ¼2½ dk;Z ifj"kn~ dk xBu] mlds lnL;ksa dh inkof/k vkSj mldh 'kfDr;ka ,oa d`R; ,sls gksaxs] tks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
dk;Z ifj"kn~
20&& ¼1½ fo|k ifj"kn~ fo'ofo|ky; dh iz/kku 'kS{kf.kd fudk; gksxh vkSj bl vf/kfu;e] ifjfu;eksa vkSj v/;kns'kksa ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] fo'ofo|ky; ds Hkhrj fo|k] f'k{kk] f'k{k.k] ewY;kadu vkSj ijh{kk ds Lrjekuksa dk fu;a=.k vkSj lk/kkj.k fofu;eu djsxh vkSj mudks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, mÙkjnk;h gksxh vkSj ,slh vU; 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls vU; dR̀;ksa dk ikyu djsxh dks fofgr fd;s tk;aA
¼2½ fo|k ifj"kn~ dk xBu muds lnL;ksa dh inkof/k ,slh gksxh] tSlh fofgr dh tk;aA fo|k ifj"kn~
21&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; dk ,d ;kstuk cksMZ xfBr fd;k tk;sxk] tks fo'ofo|ky; dk iz/kku ;kstuk fudk; gksxk vkSj og fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns';ksa esa minf'kZr vk/kkjksa ij] fo'ofo|ky; ds fodkl dks ekuhVj djus das fy, Hkh mÙkjnk;h gksxkA
;kstuk cksMZ
¼2½ ;kstuk cksMZ dk xBu] mlds lnL;ksa dh inkof/k vkSj mudh 'kfDr;ka ,oa dR̀; ,sls gksaxs] tSls fofgr fd;s tk;aA
22&& ¼1½ ekU;rk cksMZ egkfo|ky;ksa vkSj vU; laLFkkvksa dks fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkj nsus ds fy, mÙkjnk;h gksxkA
¼2½ ekU;rk cksMZ dk xBu vkSj mldh vU; 'kfDr;ka vkSj dR̀; ,sls gksaxs] tSls fofgr fd;s tk;aA
ekU;rk cksMZ
23&& ¼1½ v/;;u dsUnz bruh la[;k esa gksaxs] ftruh fo'ofo|ky; le;≤ ij vo/kkfjr djsA
¼2½ v/;;u dsUnzksa dk xBu] 'kfDr;ka vkSj d`R; ,sls gksaxs tSls fofgr fd;s tk;aA v/;;u dsUnz
24&& foÙk lfefr dk xBu] 'kfDr;ka vksj d`R; ,sls gksaxs] tSls fofgr fd;s tk;aA foÙk lfefr
25&& vU; izkf/kdkfj;ksa dk] tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh ?kksf"kr fd;s tk;] xBu mudh 'kfDr;ka vkSj d`R; ,sls gksaxs] tSls fofgr fd;s tk;aA
vU; izkf/kdkjh
v/;k;&N%
ifjfu;e] v/;kns'k vkSj fofu;e
26&& bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, ifjfu;eksa esa fo'ofo|ky; ls lEcfU/kr fdlh fo"k; ds fy, mica/k fd;k tk ldsxk] vkSj fof'k"Vr% mlesa fuEufyf[kr mica/k fd;s tk;saxs %&
ifjfu;e
¼d½ dqyifr dh fu;qfDr dh jhfr] mldh fu;qfDr dh vof/k] miyfC/k;ka vkSj lsok dh vU; 'krsZa rFkk 'kfDr;ka] vkSj d`R;] ftudk mlds }kjk iz;ksx vkSj ikyu fd;k tk ldsxk( ¼[k½ izfr&dqyifr;ksa] funs'kdksa] dqylfpo] ijh{kk fu;a=d] foÙk vf/kdkjh vkSj vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr dh jhfr] miyfC/k;ka vkSj mudh lsok dh 'krsZa rFkk 'kfDr;ka vkSj dR̀; ftudk mDr ,sls vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls izR;sd ds }kjk iz;ksx vkSj ikyu fd;k tk ldsxk(
229
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 27À ¼x½ dk;Z ifj"kn~ vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; izkf/kdkfj;ksa dk xBu] ,sls izkf/kdkfj;ksa ds lnL;ksa dh inkof/k;ka vkSj 'kfDr;ka rFkk dR̀;] ftudk iz;ksx vkSj ikyu ,sls vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk fd;k tk ldsxk(
¼?k½ v/;kidksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; deZpkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr] mudh miyfC/k;ka rFkk mudh lsok dh vU; 'krsZa(
¼³½ fo'ofo|ky; ds deZpkfj;ksa ds ykHk ds fy, isa'ku ;k Hkfo"; fuf/k dk xBu vkSj chek Ldhe dh LFkkiuk(
¼p½ fo'ofo|ky; ds v/;kidksa vksj vU; deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok esa T;s"Brk dks 'kkflr djus okys fl)kUr(
¼N½ fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh dh dk;Zokgh ds fo:) fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh v/;kid] deZpkjh ;k Nk= }kjk fdlh vihy ;k iqufoZyksdu ds fy, fdlh vkosnu ds lEcU/k esa izfdz;k] ftlds vUrxZr og le; gS] ftlds Hkhrj ,slh vihy ;k iqufoZyksdu ds fy, vkosnu fd;k tk;sxk(
¼t½ fo'ofo|ky; ds v/;kidksa] deZpkfj;ksa ;k Nk=ksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds e/; fooknksa ds fuiVkjs ds fy, izfdz;k(
¼>½ egkfo|ky;ksa vkSj vU; laLFkkvksa dks vuqnkuksa dk vkoaVu vkSj laforj.k( ¼¥½ os 'krsZa tks] egkfo|ky;ksa dks fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkj nsus ds fy, iwjh dh tkus ds fy, visf{kr gS(
¼V½ lHkh vU; fo"k; tks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ifjfu;eksa }kjk micaf/kr fd;s tkus gSa ;k fd;s tk;aA
27&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; ds izFke ifjfu;e jkT; ljdkj }kjk vf/klwpuk }kjk cuk;s tk;saxsA ifjfu;e dSls cuk;s tk;saxs
¼2½ dk;Z ifj"kn~ u;s vkSj vfrfjDr ifjfu;e le;≤ ij cuk ldsaxs] ;k mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ"V ifjfu;eksa dk la'kks/ku ;k fujlu dj ldsxh %
ijUrq dk;Z ifj"kn~ fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh dh izkfLFkfr 'kfDr;ksa ;k xBu dks izHkkfor djus okyk dksbZ ifjfu;e rc rd ugha cuk;sxh] mldk la'kks/ku ugha djsxh ;k mldk fujlu ugha djsxh] tc rd ,sls izkf/kdkjh dk izLFkkfir ifjorZuksa ij viuh jk; fyf[kr :i esa vfHkO;Dr djus dk ;qfDr;qDr volj ugha ns fn;k x;k gS vkSj bl izdkj vfHkO;fDr fdlh jk; ij izcU/k cksMZ }kjk fopkj ugha fd;k x;k gSA
¼3½ izR;sd u;k ifjfu;e ;k fdlh ifjfu;e esa ifjo)Zu ;k fdlh ifjfu;e esa la'kks/ku ;k fujlu dqykf/kifr dks izLrqr fd;k tk;sxk] tks ml ij viuh vuqefr ns ldsxk ;k viuh vuqefr fo/kkfjr dj ldsxk ;k ml ij vxzrj fopkj djus ds fy, dk;Z ifj"kn~ dks Hkst ldsxkA ¼4½ dksbZ u;k ifjfu;e ;k fdlh fo|eku ifjfu;e dk la'kks/ku ;k fujlu djus okyk dksbZ ifjfu;e rc rd fof/kekU; ugha gksxk] tc rd fd dqykf/kifr }kjk mldh vuqefr ugha ns nh xbZ gSA
¼5½ iwoZorhZ mi/kkjkvksa esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] dqykf/kifr bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjEHk ls rhu o"kZ dh vof/k ds nkSjku u;s ;k vfrfjDr ifjfu;e cuk ldsxk ;k mi/kkjk ¼1½ es a fufnZ"V ifjfu;eksa dk la'kks/ku ;k fujlu dj ldsxkA
230
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 28&31À ¼6½ iwoZorhZ mi/kkjkvksa esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] jkT; ljdkj vius }kjk fofufnZ"V fdlh fo"k; ds lEcU/k esa dk;Z ifj"kn~ dks funs'k ns ldsxh] ifjfu;e esa micU/k djus gsrq funsZf'kr vkSj ;fn dk;Z ifj"kn~ ,sls funsZ'k dh izkfIr ds lkB fnu ds Hkhrj ,sls funsZ'k ds dk;kZfUor djus esa vleFkZ gS rks jkT; ljdkj] dqykf/kifr dh vuqefr ls] dk;Z ifj"kn~ }kjk ,sls funsZ'k dk ikyu djus esa viuh vleFkZrk ds fy, lalwfpr fd;s x;s dkj.kksa ij ;fn dksbZ gks] fopkj djus ds i'pkr~ ifjfu;e cuk ldsxh ;k mudk ;Fkksfpr :i ls la'kks/ku dj ldsxhA
28&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e vkSj ifjfu;eksa ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, v/;kns'kksa esa fdlh ,sls fo"k; ds fy, mica/k fd;s tk ldsaxs ftuds fy, bl vf/kfu;e ;k ifjfu;eksa }kjk micU/k fd;k tkuk gks ;k v/;kns'kksa }kjk fd;s tk;aA
v/;kns'k
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/kksa dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] v/;kns'kksa esa fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa ds fy, mica/k fd;s tk;saxs] vFkkZr~ %&
¼d½ Nk=ksa dk izos'k] ikB~;dze vkSj muds fy, Qhlksa] mikf/k;ksa] fMIyksekvksa] izek.k&i=ksa vkSj vU; ikB~;dzeksa ls lacaf/kr vgZrk;sa] v/;rk òfÙk;ksa] ikfjrks"kdksa vkSj oSlh gh vU; ckrksa dh eatwjh ds fy, 'krsZa(
¼[k½ ijh{kkvksa dk lapkyu ftuds vUrxZr ijh{kdksa ds fucU/ku] 'krsZa vkSj mudh fu;qfDr Hkh gS( vkSj
¼x½ fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkj izkIr egkfo|ky;ksa dk izcU/kuA
¼3½ izFke v/;kns'k jkT; ljdkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ls dqyifr }kjk cuk;s tk;saxs vkSj bl izdkj cuk;s x;s v/;kns'k ,slh jhfr ls tSlh fofgr dh tka;] dk;Z ifj"kn~ }kjk fdlh Hkh le; la'kksf/kr] fujflr ;k ifjof/kZr fd;s tk ldsaxsA
29&& fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh] Lo;a vius vkSj vius }kjk fu;qDr dh x;h lfefr;ksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa] ds dk;Z lapkyu ds fy, vkSj ftldk bl vf/kfu;e] ifjfu;eksa ;k v/;kns'kksa }kjk micU/k ugha fd;k x;k gS] ,slh jhfr ls tSlh fofgr dh tk; ,sls fofu;e cuk ldsaxs] tks bl vf/kfu;e] ifjfu;eksa vkSj v/;kns'kksa ls laaxr gSaA
fofu;e
v/;k;&lkr
okf"kZd izfrosnu vkSj ys[kk
30&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; dk okf"kZd izfrosnu] dk;Z ifj"kn~ ds funs'kksa ds v/khu rS;kj fd;k tk;sxk] ftlds vUrxZr vU; fo"k;ksa ds lkFk] fo'ofo|ky; }kjk mlds mn~ns';ksa dh iwfrZ dh fn'kk esa fd;s x;s mik; gksaxsA
okf"kZd izfrosnu
¼2½ bl izdkj rS;kj fd;k x;k okf"kZd izfrosnu dqykf/kifr dks ,sls fnukad dks ;k mlds iwoZ izLrqr fd;k tk;sxk] tks fofgr fd;k tk;A
¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu rS;kj fd;s x;s okf"kZd izfrosnu dh ,d izfrfyfi jkT; ljdkj dks Hkh izLrqr dh tk;sxhA
31&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; ds okf"kZd ys[ks vkSj rqyu&i= dk;Z ifj"kn~ ds funsZ'kksa ds v/;/khu rS;kj fd;s tk;saxs vkSj funs'kd] LFkkuh; fuf/k ys[kk] mÙkj izns'k ;k ,sls O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa }kjk] ftUgsa jkT; ljdkj bl fufeÙk izkf/kdr̀ djsa] izR;sd o"kZ esa de ls de ,d ckj vkSj iUnzg ekl ls vuf/kd ds vUrjkyksa ij mudh ys[kk ijh{kk dh tk;sxhA
ys[kk vkSj ys[kk ijh{kk
¼2½ okf"kZd ys[kk vkSj rqyu&i= dh ,d izfr ml ij ys[kk&ijh{kk ds izfrosnu lfgr jkT; ljdkj dks dk;Z ifj"kn~ ds laizs{k.kksa] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds lkFk izR;sd o"kZ 30 flrEcj ds iwoZ izLrqr dh tk;sxhA
231
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 32&36À ¼3½ okf"kZd ys[kkvksa ij jkT; ljdkj }kjk fd;s x;s laizs{k.k dk;Z&ifj"kn~ ds /;ku esa yk;s tk;saxsA ,sls laizs{k.kksa ij dk;Z&ifj"kn~ ds fopkj] ;fn dksbZ gksa] jkT; ljdkj dks izLrqr fd;s tk;saxsA 32&& ¼1½ /kkjk 9 ds [k.M ¼[k½] ¼x½] ¼?k½] ¼³½] ¼p½] ¼N½ vkSj ¼t½ esa fofufnZ"V dksbZ vf/kdkjh fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh /ku ;k lEifÙk dh gkfu] nqO;Z; ;k nq:i;kstu ds fy, vf/kHkkj dk nsunkj gksxk] ;fn ,slh gkfu] nqO;Z; ;k nq:i;kstu mldh mis{kk ;k vopkj ds izR;{k ifj.kkeLo:i gksA vf/kHkkj
¼2½ vf/kHkkj dh izfØ;k vkSj ,slh gkfu] nqO;Z; ;k nq:i;kstu esa vUrfuZfgr /kujkf'k dh olwyh dh jhfr ,slh gksxh tSlh fofgr dh tk;sxhA
v/;k;& vkB
deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok 'krsZa
33&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e }kjk mlds v/khu vU;Fkk micaf/kr ds flok; fo'ofo|ky; dk deZpkjh] ftlds vUrxZr v/;kid Hkh gS] fyf[kr lafonk ds v/khu fu;qDr fd;k tk;sxk rFkk ,slh lafonk bl vf/kfu;e] ifjfu;eksa ,oa v/;kns'kksa ls vlaxr ugha gksxhA
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ"V lafonk fo'ofo|ky; ds foÙk vf/kdkjh ds ikl j[kh tk;sxh vkSj mldh ,d izfr lEcfU/kr deZpkjh dks nh tk;sxhA
deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok dh
'krsZa
34&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; vkSj fdlh deZpkjh ;k v/;kid ds chp /kkjk 33 esa fufnZ"V fu;kstu dh fdlh lafonk ls iSnk gksus okyk dksbZ fookn fdlh Hkh i{kdkj ds vuqjks/k ij] ek/;LFke vf/kdj.k dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxk] ftlesa dk;Z ifj"kn~ }kjk uke&fufnZ"V ,d lnL;] lacaf/kr deZpkjh ;k v/;kid }kjk uke&fufnZ"V ,d lnL; vkSj dqykf/kifr }kjk uke&fufnZ"V fd;k tkus okyk vf/kfu.kkZ;d gksxkA
ek/;LFke vf/kdj.k
¼2½ izR;sd ,slk funsZ'k vkchZVªs'ku ,.M dfUlfy;s'ku ,sDV] 1996 ds vFkZ esa bl /kkjk ds fuca/kuksa ij ek/;LFke ds fy, fuosnu le>k tk;xkA
35&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; vius deZpkfj;ksa vkSj v/;kidksa ds ykHk ds fy, ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,slh 'krksZa ds v/khu jgrs gq, ,slh fofgr dh tk;a] ,slh Hkfo"; ;k isa'ku fuf/k;ksa dk xBu djsxk ;k ,slh chek Ldheksa dh O;oLFkk djsxk] tSlh og mfpr le>sA
Hkfo"; ,oa isa'ku fuf/k;ka
¼2½ tgka fdlh Hkfo"; ;k isa'ku fuf/k dk bl izdkj xBu fd;k x;k gks] ogka jkT; ljdkj ;g ?kksf"kr dj ldsxh fd Hkfo"; fuf/k vf/kfu;e] 1925 ds mica/k ,slh fuf/k ij bl izdkj ykxw gksaxs ekuks og ljdkjh Hkfo"; fuf/k gksA
v/;k;&ukS
izdh.kZ
36&& ;fn ;g iz'u mBrk gS fd D;k dksbZ O;fDr fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh ;k vU; fudk; ds lnL; ds :i esa lE;d~ :i ls fuokZfpr ;k fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS ;k mldk lnL; gksus dk gdnkj gS] rks og fo"k; dqykf/kifr dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxk] ftldk ml ij fofu'p; vfUre gksxkA
fo'ofo|ky; izkf/kdkfj;ksa
vkSj fudk;ksa ds xBu ds
ckjs esa fookn
232
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 37&42À 37&& fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh ;k vU; fudk; ds insu lnL;ksa ls fHkUu] lnL;ksa esa lHkh vkdfLed fjfDr;ka ;Fkk'kh?kz] lqfo/kkuqlkj ,sls O;fDr ;k fudk; }kjk Hkjh tk;saxh] ftlus ml lnL; dks] ftldk LFkku fjDr gqvk gS] fu;qDr] fuokZfpr ;k lg;ksftr fd;k Fkk vkSj vkdfLed fjfDr esa fu;qDr] fuokZfpr ;k lg;ksftr O;fDr ,sls izkf/kdkjh ;k fudk; dk lnL; ml vof'k"V vof/k ds fy, gksxk] ftlds nkSjku og O;fDr] ftldk LFkku og Hkjrk gS] lnL; jgrkA vkdfLed fjfDr;ksa dk
Hkjk tkuk
38&& fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh ;k fdlh vU; fudk; dk dksbZ dk;Z ;k dk;Zokgh mlds lnL;ksa esa dksbZ fjfDr ;k fjfDr;ka gksus ds dkj.k vfof/kekU; ugha gksxhA fjfDr;ksa ds dkj.k
fo'ofo|ky; izkf/kdkfj;ksa
;k fudk;ksa dh dk;Zokgh
dk vfof/kekU; u gksuk
39&& dksbZ fookn ;k vU; fof/kd dk;Zokgh fdlh ,slh ckr ds ckjs esa] tks bl vf/kfu;e ;k ifjfu;eksa ;k v/;kns'kksa ds micU/kksa esa ls fdlh ds vuqlj.k esa ln~HkkoiwoZd dh x;h gS ;k dh tkus ds fy, rkRif;Zr gS] fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k deZpkjh ds fo:) ugha gksxhA ln~HkkoiwoZd dh xbZ
dk;Zokgh ds fy, laj{k.k
40&& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; mruh la[;k esa deZpkfj;ksa] ftlds vUrxZr 'kS{kf.kd deZpkfjòUn Hkh gSa] ftruh jkT; ljdkj }kjk le;≤ ij Lohdr̀ dh tk;] fu;qDr djsxkA fo'ofo|ky; ds deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok ds fuca/ku vkSj 'krsZa ,slh gksaxh] tSlh fofgr dh tk;aA fo'ofo|ky; ds
deZpkfjòUn
¼2½ fo'ofo|ky; ds fofHkUu Js.kh ds deZpkfj;ksa dks ns; osru rFkk HkÙks ,sls gksaxs] tSls jkT; ljdkj }kjk le;≤ ij vo/kkfjr fd;s tk;aA
v/;k;&nl
fofo/k ,oa ladze.kdkyhu mica/k
41&& ¼1½ ;fn bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa dks izHkkoh djus esa dksbZ dfBukbZ mRiUu gksrh gS rks jkT; ljdkj vf/klwfpr vkns'k }kjk ,sls mica/k dj ldsxh] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ls vlaxr u gksa vkSj tks ml dfBukbZ dks nwj djus ds fy, mls vko';d ;k lehphu izrhr gksaA dfBukbZ;ksa dks nwj djus
dh 'kfDr
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dksbZ vkns'k bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjEHk ls nks o"kZ ds volku ds i'pkr~ ugha fd;k tk;sxkA
42&& bl vf/kfu;e ,oa ifjfu;eksa esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh]& ladze.kdkyhu micU/k ¼d½ izFke dqyifr] izFke dqylfpo vkSj izFke ijh{kk fu;a=d] jkT; ljdkj }kjk fu;qDr fd;s tk;saxs vkSj os ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofufnZ"V lsok ds fucU/kuksa vkSj 'krksZa ls 'kkflr gksaxs%
ijUrq izFke dqyifr ifjfu;eksa esa fofufnZ"V jhfr ls nwljh vof/k ds fy, fu;qfDr ds fy, ik= gksxk(
¼[k½ izFke dk;Z ifj"kn~ esa nl ls vuf/kd lnL; gksaxs] tks dqykf/kifr }kjk uke&fufnZ"V fd;s tk;saxs vkSj os nks o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, in /kkj.k djsaxs( vkSj ¼x½ ¼,d½ izFke ;kstuk cksMZ esa nl ls vuf/kd lnL; gksaxs] tks dqykf/kifr }kjk uke&fufnZ"V fd;s tk;saxs vkSj os nks o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, in /kkj.k djsaxs(
233
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿/kkjk 43&44À ¼nks½ ;kstuk cksMZ] bl vf/kfu;e }kjk mls iznÙk 'kfDr;ksa vkSj dR̀;ksa ds vfrfjDr fo|k ifj"kn~ dh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx rc rd djsxk tc rd fd bl vf/kfu;e vkSj ifjfu;eksa ds micU/kksa ds v/khu fo|k ifj"kn~ dk xBu ugha fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mu 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, ;kstuk cksMZ ,sls lnL; dks lg;ksftr dj ldsxk] tks og fofu'pr djsA
43&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;k x;k izR;sd ifjfu;e] v/;kns'k ;k fofu;e xtV esa izdkf'kr fd;k tk;xkA
ifjfu;eksa] v/;kns'kksa vkSj
fofu;eksa dk xtV esa
izdkf'kr fd;k tkuk
¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu izFke ifjfu;e v/;kns'k ;k fofu;e mlds cuk;s tkus ds i'pkr~ ;Fkk'kD; 'kh?kz] jkT; fo/kku e.My ds nksuksa lnuksa ds le{k j[kk tk;sxk vkSj mÙkj izns'k lk/kkj.k [k.M vf/kfu;e] 1904 dh /kkjk 23&d dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/k mlh izdkj izòÙk gksaxs] tSls os fdlh mÙkj izns'k vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jkT; ljdkj }kjk cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ds laca/k esa izòÙk gksrs gSA
44&& ¼1½ mÙkj izns'k jktf"kZ V.Mu eqDr fo'ofo|ky; v/;kns'k] 1998 ,rn~}kjk fujflr fd;k tkrk gSA
¼2½ ,sls fujlu ds gksrs gq, Hkh] mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fofufnZ"V v/;kns'k ds v/khu dr̀ dksbZ dk;Z ;k dk;Zokgh bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu dr̀ dk;Z ;k dk;Zokgh le>h tk;sxh] ekuks bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/k lHkh lkjoku le; ij izo`Ùk FksA
fujlu vkSj viokn
mÙkj izns'k v/;kns'k
la[;k lu~ 19
234
¿m0iz0 jktf'kZ V.Mu eqDr fo"ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 1999À ¿vuqlwphÀ vuqlwph
¼/kkjk 4 nsf[k;s½
fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns';
1& fo'ofo|ky; jkT; ds fodkl esa jpukRed Hkwfedk fuHkkus ds fy, tks jkT; dh le`) ijEijkvksa ij vk/kkfjr gks] Hkkjr dh turk dh laLdf̀r vkSj mlds ekuoh; lk/kuksa dh mUufr vkSj vfHkòf) ds fy, f'k{kk] vuqla/kku] izf'k{k.k vkSj foLrkj.k] ds ek/;e ls iz;kl djsxkA bu mn~ns';ksa dh izkfIr ds fy, og %&
¼d½ fu;kstu dh vko';drkvksa ls lacaf/kr rFkk ns'k dh vFkZ&O;oLFkk ds] mlds izkdf̀rd vkSj ekuoh; lk/kuksa ds vk/kkj ij] fuekZ.k ds fy, vko';d mikf/k] fMIyksek vkSj izek.k&i= ikB~;dzeksa dks izksRlkfgr djsxk vkSj mUgsa fof/k izdkj dk cuk,xk(
¼[k½ turk ds cM+s Hkkxksa vkSj fof'k"Vr;k lqfo/kk jfgr lewgksa dks tSls os lewg tks nwjLFk vkSj xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa jg jgsa gSa] ftuds vUrxZr Jethoh turk] ?kjsyw efgyk;sa vkSj vU; ,sls Ok;Ld gSa] tks fofHkUu {ks=ksa esa v/;;u ds ek/;e ls Kku c<+kus vkSj vftZr djus dh bPNk j[krs gSa] mPprj f'k{kk rd mudh igqap ds fy, mica/k djsxk(
¼x½ 'kh?kzrk ls fodflr vkSj ifjofrZr gksus okys lekt esa Kki ds vtZu dk lao/kZu djsxk vkSj ekuo iz;kl ds lHkh {ks=ksa esa uo&ifjorZu] vuqla/kku] [kkst ds lanHkZ esa Kku] izf'k{k.k vkSj dq'kyrk c<+kus ds fy, yxkrkj volj izLrqr djus ds fy, iz;kl djsxk(
¼?k½ Kku ds u;s {ks=ksa esa fo|k dh vfHkòf) djus vkSj mls fof'k"Vr;k izksRlkfgr djus dh nf̀"V ls fo|k ds rjhdksa vkSj xfr] ikB~;dzeksa ds feJ.k] ukekadu dh ik=rk] izos'k dh vk;q] ijh{kkvksa ds lapkyu vkSj dk;Zdzeksa ds izorZu ds laca/k esa yphyh vkSj eqDr fo'ofo|ky; Lrj dh f'k{kk dks uo&i)fr ds fy,] micU/k djsxk(
¼³½ vkSipkfjd i)fr dh vuqiwjd vukSipkfjd iz.kkyh dk micU/k djds vkSj fo'ofo|ky; }kjk fodflr fd;s x;s ikBksa vkSj vU; e`nq&lkexzh dk foLrr̀ :i ls mi;ksx djds x.;rk ds vUrj.k dks vkSj v/;kiu deZpkfjòUn fofu;e dks izksRlkfgr djds Hkkjr 'kS{kf.kd i)fr ds lq/kkj ds fy, ;ksxnku nsxk(
¼p½ ns'k dh fofHkUu dykvksa] f'kYiksa vkSj dq'kyrkvksa esa] mudh DokfyVh esa lq/kkj djds vkSj turk ds fy, mudh miyC/krk esa òf) djds f'k{kk vkSj izf'k{k.k ds fy, micU/k djsxk( ¼N½ ,ssls dk;Zdykiksa ;k laLFkkvksa ds fy, visf{kr f'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k ds fy, micU/k ;k izcU/k djsxk(
¼t½ v/;;u ds ;Fkksfpr LukrdksÙkj ikB~;dzeksa ds fy, micU/k djsxk vkSj vuqla/kku dks c<+kok nsxk(
¼>½ vius Nk=ksa ds fy, ijke'kZ ,oa ekxZn'kZu ds fy, micU/k djsxk( vkSj ¼¥½ viuh uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;Zdzeksa ds ek/;e ls jk"Vªh; ,drk vkSj ekuo O;fDrRo ds lefUor fodkl esa òf) djsxkA
2& fo'ofo|ky; nwj vkSj vuqorhZ f'k{kk ds fofo/k ek/;eksa ls mDr mn~ns';ksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, iz;kl djsxk vkSj mPprj f'k{kk ds fo|eku fo'ofo|ky;ksa vkSj laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls d`R; djsxk vkSj uohure oSKkfud Kku dk vkSj ubZ 'kS{kf.kd izkS|ksfxdh dh] ,slh mPp DokfyVh dh f'k{kk nsus ds fy, tks ledkyhu vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i gksa] iw.kZ mi;ksx djsxkA