Uttarakhand act 003 of 1904 : The UNITED PROVINCES LAND REVENUE ACT, 1901

25

la;qDr izkUr Hkw jktLo vf/kfu;e] 1901 øla0 izk0 vf/kfu;e la[;k 3 lu~ 1901À mŸkj izns"k Hkw&jkTkLo ,oa jkTkLo vf/kdkfj;ksa ds {ks=kf/kdkj dks mikarfjr ,oa la"kksf/kr djus ds fy,

vf/kfu;e

pwafd] mŸkj izns"k esa Hkw&jkTkLo lEcU/kh fof/k ,oa jkTkLo vf/kdkfj;ksa ds {ks=kf/kdkj dks lesfdr ,oa la"kksf/kr djuk lehphu gS] blfy, ,rn~}kjk fuEufyf[kr :i esa vf/kfu;fer fd;k tkrk gS %

v/;k; 1

izkjfEHkd

1&&¼1½ ;g vf/kfu;e la;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901 dgyk;sxkA

"kh'kZ uke] izlkj ,oa izkjEHk ¼2½ ;g] izFke vuqlwph esa fufnZ'V {ks=ksa ds flok;] iwjs mŸkj izns"k es ykxw gksrk gS % ijUrq jkT; ljdkj ljdkjh jkti= esa foKfIr }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds leLr ;k fdlh Hkkx dks] bl izdkj oftZr lHkh ;k fdlh {ks= eas] ,sls mikarjksa ;k vioknksa ds lkFk tks og Bhd le>s] ykxw dj ldrh gS%

ijUrq ;g Hkh fd bl vf/kfu;e dk dksbZ Hkh mica/k tks dlokj jktk vf/kfu;e] 1915 ds mica/kksa ls vlaxr gS] cukjl ftys ds ijxuk dlokj jktk ij ykxw ugha gkasxs( vkSj ¼3½ ;g 1902 bZ0 ds igyh tuojh ls ykxw gksxkA

2&&¼1½ f}rh; vuqlwph esa fufnZ'V vf/kfu;e] mlds rhljs LrEHk esa of.kZr lhek rd fujflr fd;s tkrs gSA

fujlu

¼2½ tc ;g vf/kfu;e ;k bldk dsbZ Hkkx viokn ;k ifjorZu ds lkFk ;k fcuk] izFke vuqlwph es viokfnr fdlh {ks= es ykxw fd;k tkrk gS] rks mlesa ykxw fdlh vf/kfu;e ;k fofu;e dk mruk Hkkx ftruk fd bl vf/kfu;e ;k blds ykxw fd;s x;s Hkkx] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] ls vlaxr gS] rnuqlkj fujflr dj fn;k tk;sxkA

¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e }kjk fdlh vf/kfu;e dk fujlu] fdlh O;ogkj dks] tks ,sls vf/kfu;eu ds ykxw gksus ds Bhd igys voS/k Fkk] oS/k ugh djsxk] vkSj u gh bl vf/kfu;e ds ykxw gksus ds Bhd igys izHkkoh u jgus okys fdlh vf/kdkj] fo"ks'kkf/kdkj] fo'k; ;k oLrq dks iqu% thfor djsxkA

3&&¼1½ ,rn~}kjk fujflr fdlh Hkh vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr lHkh cuk;s x;s fu;e] fu;qfDr;ka] fu/kkZj.k] foHkktu ,oa varj.k] tkjh dh x;h foKfIr;ka] mn~?kks'k.kk;sa ,oa vkns"k] iznŸk izkf/kdkj ,oa "kfDr;ka] Lohdr̀&izi=] rS;kj fd;s x;s vf/kdkj vfHkys[k ,oa vU; vfHkys[k] vftZr fd;s x;s vf/kdkj rFkk mixr fd;s x;s nkf;Ro] fu;r fd;s x;s yxku] fu;qDr fd;s x;s LFkku ,oa le; rFkk dh x;h vU; phtsa] tgka rd laHko gks] bl vf/kfu;e ds varxZr cuk;s] tkjh] iznŸk] Lohdr̀] rS;kj] vftZr] mixr] fu;r] fu;qDr ,oa fd;s x;s ekkus tk;saxsA

O;kòfŸk

¼2½ ,rn~}kjk fujflr fdlh vf/kfu;e dk mYys[k djus okyk dksbZ fo/kk;u ;k nLrkost] bl vf/kfu;e ;k blds rRleku Hkkx dk mYys[k djus okyk le>k tk;sxkA 1- fnukad 21 fnlEcj] 1901 dks Hkkjrh; ifj'kn~ vf/kfu;e] 1861 dh /kkjk 40 ds vUrxZr izdkf"krA

26

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 4À 4&& fo'k; ;k lUnHkZ es tc dksbZ ckr izfrdwy u gks] bl vf/kfu;e esa& ifjHkk'kk,a ¼1½ ^ifj'kn~̂ dk rkRi;Z jkTkLo ifj'kn~ ls gS(

¼1&d½ ârLokfeRo d'̀kd] vuqdwy yxku nj ij vuqnku] ckx] ckxnkj] ckx Hkwfe] ekS:lh d'̀kd] lq/kkj] [kqndk"r] Hkw&/kkjd] n[kydkj d'̀kd] yxku] yxku eqDr vuqnku] lhj ,oa d'̀kd ds] fuEufyf[kr mikarjksa ds v/khu] ogh vFkZ gksaxs] tks ;w0ih0 VsusUlh ,sDV] 1939 esa fn;s x;s gSa &

¼d½ ;w0ih0 VsusUlh ,sDV] 1939 dh /kkjk 3 dh mi/kkjk ¼8½ esa nh x;h ^lq/kkj^ dh ifjHkk'kk esa in ^dk"rdkj dh tksr ds izfr funZ"k ls^ yqIr le>k tk;sxk(

¼[k½ ;w0ih0 VsusUlh ,sDV] 1939 dh /kkjk 3 dh mi/kkjk ¼18½ esa nh x;h ^yxku^ dh ifjHkk'kk esa in ^^,oa v/;k; 7 esa] tc izfrdwy vk"k; izdV gks rks NksM+dj] lk;j dks Hkh lfEEkfyr djrk gŜ ^ dks yqIr le>k tk;sxk( vkSj ¼Xk½ ;w0ih0 VsusUlh ,sDV] 1939 dh /kkjk 3 dh mi/kkjk ¼28½ esa ifjHkkf'kr in ^dk"rdkj^ esa "kCn ^Bsdsnkj^ lfEefyr ugh gksxk(

¼2½ ^Hkkj^ dk rkRi;Z Hkwfe ij ;k mlds fo:) futh lafonk ls mRiUu izHkkj ;k nkok ls gS(

¼3½ ^yacjnkj^ dk rkRi;Z fdlh egky ds ,sls lg&Hkkxhnkj ls gS] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ml egky ds lg&Hkkxhnkjksa esa lHkh ;k fdlh dk izfrfuf/kRo djus ds fy, fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS(

¼4½ ^egky^ dk rkRi;Z&

¼d½ Hkw jkTkLo dh vnk;xh ds fy, fdlh iF̀kd O;oLFkk ds varxZr /kkj.k fd;s x;s fdlh LFkkuh; {ks= %

izfrca/k ;g gS fd &&

¼,d½ ;fn ,slk {ks= ,d xkao ;k xkao ds fdlh Hkkx ls cuk gks]

rks ,sls xkao ;k xkao ds Hkkx ds fy, iF̀kd~ vf/kdkj vfHkys[k rS;kj fd;k x;k gks]

¼nks½ ;fn ,slk {ks= nks ;k nks ls vf/kd xkao ;k xkaoksa ds Hkkx ls cuk gks] rks mlesa lfEEkfyr laiw.kZ {ks= ;k izR;sd xkao ;k xkaoksa ds Hkkx ds fy,] iF̀kd vf/kdkj vfHkys[k rS;kj fd;k x;k gks]

¼[k½ dksbZ jktLo eqDr {ks=] ftlds fy, dk iF̀kd vf/kdkj&vfHkys[k rS;kj fd;k x;k gS]

¼x½ jkT; ljdkj }kjk fofuf"pr iz;kstuksa ds fy,] catj Hkwfe fu;ekoyh ds v/khu ,rr~ioZ ;k ,rRi"pkr fd;k x;k Hkwfe dk dksbZ vuqnku] vkSj

¼?k½ fdlh vU; LFkkuh; {ks=] ftls jkT; ljdkj lkekU; ;k fo"ks'k vkns"k }kjk egky ?kksf'kr djs] ls gS(

¼5½ ^vo;Ld^ dk rkRi;Z ml O;fDr ls g]S tks Hkkjrh; o;Ldrk vf/kfu;e] 1875 dh /kkjk 3 ds varxZr o;Ldrk izkIr ugha fd;k gSS(

¼6½ ¿***À¹

27

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 5&6À ¼7½ ^jkTkLo^ dk rkRi;Z Hkw&jktLo ls gS( ¼8½ ^jktLo U;k;ky;^ dk rkRi;Z fuEufyf[kr lHkh ;k fdUgh izkf/kdkfj;ksa vFkkZr~ ifj'kn~ ,oa mlds lHkh lnL;] vk;qDr] vfrfjDr vk;qDr] dysDVj] vfrfjDr dysDVj] lgk;d dysDVj] cankscLr vf/kdkjh] lgk;d cankscLr vf/kdkjh] vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh] lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh rFkk rglhynkj ls gS(

¼9½ ^jkTkLo vf/kdkjh^ dk rkRi;Z] jktLo vfHkys[kksa dh lqO;oLFkk ;k Hkw&jktLo ds dk;Z laiknu ds laca/k esa] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fu;ksftr fdUgh vf/kdkjh ls gS( ¼10½ ^jktLo&eqDr^ dk rkRi;Z] tc Hkwfe ds laca/k esa ykxw gks] ml Hkwfe ls gS] ftldk jktLo iw.kZr% ;k Hkxr% fueksZfpr] lqyg] eksfpr ;k vfiZr dj fn;k x;k gS( ¼11½ ^cnkscLr^ dk rkRi;Z Hkw&jkTkLo ds cankscLr ls gS(

¼12½ ¿***À¹

¼13½ ^lk;j^ dk rkRi;Z] iRFkjksa rFkk vU; [kfutksa dks NksMdj] uSlfxZd mRiknks ls] ;k ds dkj.k mRiUu izkfIr;ksa ls gS(

¼14½ ^rkyqdk^ ;k ^rkyqdnkjh egky^ dk rkRi;Z vo/k esa ,sls vkLFkku ls gS] ftl ij vo/k bLVsV~l vf/kfu;e la[;k 1 lu~ 1869 ds mica/k ykxw gksrs gS( vkSj ^rkyqdnkj^ dk rkRi;Z ,sls vkLFkku ds Lokeh ls gS(

¼15½ ^voj Lokeh^ dk rkRi;Z vo/k esa Hkwfe esa oa"k ijaijkxr :i esa izkIr gksus ;ksX; ,oa varj.kh; vf/kdkj j[kus okys ;k U;kf;d fu.kZ; ;k lafonk ds flok;] mlds fy, yxku vnk djus ds fy, mŸkjnk;h O;fDr gS(

¼16½ ^mi Lokeh^ dk rkRi;Z vkxjk esa] Hkwfe es a voj ysfdu oa"k ijaijk ls izkIr gksus ;ksX; ,oa varj.kh; Lokfed fgr j[kus okys ml O;fDr ls gS] ftlds lkFk bl vf/kfu;e ;k rRle; izHkkoh fdlh vU; fof/k ds mica/kksa ds v/khu mi&cankscLr dj fn;k x;k gS( ¼17½ ^fdlh vf/kfu;e ds izfr fdlh funsZ"k^ dk rkRi;Z mŸkj izns"k esa ykxw gksus okys ml vf/kfu;e ds le;≤ ij la"kksf/kr :i ds izfr funsZ"k ls yxk;k tk;sxk vkSj flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 ds ekeys esa mldh izFke vuqlwph esa varfoZ'V fu;eksa esa mldh /kkjk 122 ds varxZr le;≤ ij mPp U;k;ky; }kjk fd;s x;s jn~ndj.kksa] ifjorZuksa ,oa ifjo/kZuksa ds v/khu ml lafgrk ds izfr funsZ"k ls yxk;k tk;sxkA

v/;k; 2

fu;qfDr ,oa {ks=kf/kdkj

¿5&& jkT; ljdkj ds v/kh{k.k] funs"ku rFkk fu;a=.k ds v/khu jgrs gq, ifj'kn~ oknksa] ¿vihyksaÀ

3

rFkk iqujh{k.kksa ds fuLrkj.k ls lEc) fo'k;ksa dks NksM+dj] vf/kfu;e ds v/khu micaf/kr vU; fo'k;ksa ds lEcU/k esa e q[; fu;a=d izkf/kdkjh gksxkAÀ

2

jkT; ljdkj rFkk ifj'kn~ dhs fu;a=.k lEcU/kh vyx&vyx vf/kdkj

6&& jkT; ljdkj ifj'kn ~ ds lnL;ksa dh fu;qfDr djsxhA ifj'kn~ ds lnL;ksa dh fu;qfDr

28

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 7&12À 7&&¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e rFkk /kkjk 8 ds v/khu cus fdUgh fu;eksa ds mica/kksa ds v/khu ifj'kn~ vius dkjksckj dk caVokjk djsxh rFkk vius lnL;ksa ds e/; vf/kdkfjrk dk bl izdkj {ks=h; foHkktu djsxh tSlk fd ifj'kn~ mfpr le>sA

dk;Z ckWVus dh "kfDr

¼2½ iwoZxkeh "kfDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] ifj'kn~] fo"ks'kdj ,oa mijksDr ds v/khu] vius ,dy lnL;ksa ;k [k.M U;k;ihB ds U;kf;d dk;kZs ds fuLrkj.k dks fofu;fer djsxhA

8&& ¿¼1½ tgkW dksbZ ,slh dk;Zokgh] tks ¿vihyÀ

2

;k iqujh{k.k ls ifj'kn~ }kjk fopkj fd, tkus ds fy, vk,] nks ;k vf/kd lnL;ksa ls laxfBr fdlh fMohtu csap }kjk lquh tk; rks og okn ,sls lnL;ksa dh jk; vFkok muesa ls vf/kdka"k dh jk;] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds vuqlkj fu.khZr fd;k tk;sxkAÀ

1

¼2½ tgkW ihB dks xfBr djus okys lnL;] fdlh fcanq ij fn;s tkus okys fu.kZ; ds ckjs es] jk; esa cjkcj :i ls caV tkrs gS] ogkW ,sls fcUnq ij okn ,d ;k vf/kd vU; lnL;ks }kjk lquk tk;sxk vkSj og fcanq] igys lquus okys ¼lnL;ksa½ dks lfEefyr djrs gq,] okn dks lquus okys lnL;ksa ds cgqer dh jk; ds vuqlkj fu.khZr fd;k tk;sxkA fMohtu cSap }kjk okn ds

fopkj.k ij fu.kZ;

9&& tc cUnkscLr ls lEcfU/kr fdlh ekeys esa fn;s tkus okys vkns"k ds izfr ifj'kn~ ds lnL; leku :i ls foHkkftr gksa] rks ftl iz"u ij er&foHkktu gS mls jkT; ljdkj ds ikl fu.kZ; ds fy, Hkstk tk;sxkA

enHksn dh fLFkfr es jkT;

ljdkj dks funsZ"k

10&& bl vf/kfu;e esa fdlh vU; ckr ij fopkj fd;s fcuk jkT; ljdkj ifj'kn~ ds fdlh lnL; dks] ;k rks lkekU;r% ;k fdlh fof"k'V {ks= ds fy, ifj'kn~ ij ykxw fd;s x;s drZO;ksa rFkk mldks iznŸk "kfDr;ksa] lHkh ;k dsoy dqN] dk ikyu ;k iz;ksx djus ds fy, izkf/kdr̀ dj ldrh gSA

Ikfj'kn~ dh "kfDr;ksa dks

iz;qDr fd;s tkus ds fy,

lnL; dks izkf/kd`r djus

dh "kfDr

11&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj u;s e.My ;k ftys cuk ldrh gS ;k orZeku e.Myksa ;k ftyksa dks lekIr dj ldrh gSA

¼2½ jkT; ljdkj fdlh e.My] ftys ;k rglhy dh lhekvksa esa ifjorZu dj ldrh gS vkSj u;h rglhy cuk ldrh gS ;k vfLrRok/khu rglhyksa dks lekIr dj ldrh gS] rFkk dbZ ftyksa dk mi e.Myksa esa foHkktu rFkk fdlh ftys dh mi&e.Myksa dh lhek;sa ifjofrZr dj ldrh gSA

e.Myksa] ftyksa] rglhyksa

rFkk mi&e.Myksa dk

l̀tu] ifjorZu rFkk

lekiu djus dh "kfDr

¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds vUrxZr jkT; ljdkj ds vkns"kksa ds v/;/khu lHkh rglhysa ftys dh lc fMohtu le>h tk;saxhA

12&&jkT; ljdkj izR;sd e.My esa ,d vk;qDr fu;qDr djsxh] tks vius fMohtu esa bl vf/kfu;e ;k rRle; ykxw fdlh vU; dkuwu ds vUrxZr vk;qDr ij ykxw fd;s x;s drZO;ksa rFkk mudks iznŸk dh xbZ "kfDr;ka dk ikyu ,oa iz;ksx djsxk vkSj og vius e.My esa lHkh jkTkLo vf/kdkfj;ksa ij izkf/kdkj dk iz;ksx djsxkA

e.Mykas ds vk;qDr

1- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 34 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA 2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 20 o'kZ 1997 dh /kkjk 3 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

29

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 13&18À 13&&¼1½ jkT; ljdkj ,d e.My ;k nks ;k nks ls vf/kd e.Myksa es ,d vfrfjDr vk;qDr fu;qDr dj ldrh gSA

vfrfjDr vk;qDr dh

fu;qfDr] "kfDr;ka ,oa

drZO;

¼2½ ,d vfrfjDr vk;qDr jkT; ljdkj dh bPNkuqlkj viuk in /kkj.k djsxkA ¼3½ ,d vfrfjDr vk;qDr ,sls ekeyksa ;k ekeyksa ds oxZ esa vk;qDr dh ,slh "kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxk rFkk ,sls drZO;ksa dk fu'iknu djsxk tSlk fd jkT; ljdkj ;k jkT; ljdkj ds vkns"k ds vHkko es lEcfU/kr vk;qDr funsZf"kr djsA

¼4½ ;g vf/kfu;e rFkk izR;sd nwljs dkuwu] tks rRle; vk;qDRk dks ykxw gS] vfrfjDr vk;qDr dks ykxw gksaxs] tcfd og mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds vUrZxr fdUgha "kfDRk;ksa dk iz;ksx ;k fdUgha drZO;ksa dk fu'iknu dj jgk gks] ekuks og e.My dk vk;qDr gksA 14&& jkT; ljdkj izR;sd ftys esa ,d vf/kdkjh fu;qDr djsxh] tks ftys dk dysDVj gksxk vkSj tks vius leLr ftys es bl vf/kfu;e ;k rRle; ykxw izR;sd nwljs dkuwu }kjk dysDVj dks iznŸk "kfDr;ksa rFkk ml ij ykxw fd;s x, drZO;ksa dk iz;ksx rFkk fu'iknu djsxkA

ftys dk dysDVj

14&d&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj ,d ftys esa ;k nks ls vf/kd ftyksa ds fy, ,d vfrfjDr dysDVj fu;qDr dj ldrh gSA

vfrfjDr dysDVjks dh

fu;qfDr] "kfDr;ka vkSj

drZO;

¼2½ ,d vfrfjDr dysDVj jkT; ljdkj dh bPNkuqlkj viuk in /kkj.k djsxkA ¼3½ ,d vfrfjDr dysDVj ,sls ekeyksa ds oxZ esa dysDVj dh ,slh "kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxk vkSj ,sls drZO;ksa dk fu'iknu djsxk tSlk fd lEcfU/kr dysDVj funsf"kr djsA ¼4½ ;g vf/kfu;e rFkk izR;sd nwljs dkuwu tks rRle; dysDVj dks ykxw gSa vfrfjDr dysDVj dks ykxw gksaxs] tc og mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds vUrxZr "kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj jgk gks ;k ,sls drZO;ksa dk fu'iknu dj jgk gks] ekuks og ftys dk dysDVj gksA 15&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj] izR;sd ftys es mruh la[;k es izFke ;k f}rh; Js.kh ds lgk;d dysDVj dh fu;qfDr dj ldrh gS] tSlk fd og mfpr le>sA

¼2½ ftys es ,sls lHkh lgk;d dysDVj vkSj vU; lHkh jkTkLo vf/kdkjh dysDVj ds v/khu gksaxsA

lgk;d dysDVj

16&& ¿***À

17&&jkT; ljdkj izR;sd ftys esa mrus O;fDr;ksa dks rglhynkj rFkk uk;c rglhynkj ds :i es fu;qDr dj ldrh gS] ftruk og mfpr le>sA

rglhynkj rFkk uk;c

rglhynkj

18&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj fdlh izFke Js.kh ds lgk;d dysDVj dks ftys ds ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd mi&e.Myksa dk izHkkjh cuk ldrh gS] rFkk ogkW ls gVk ldrh gSA gkfde ijxuk rFkk

vfrfjDr gkfde ijxuk

¼2½ ,sls lgk;d dysDVj ftys ds ,d mi&e.My dk ,d izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj ;k gkfde ijxuk dgk tk;sxk rFkk og dysDVj ds fu;U=.k ds v/khu bl vf/kfu;e ;k rRle; ykxw fdlh dkuwu }kjk mls iznŸk "kfDr;ksa rFkk ml ij ykxw fd;s x;s drZO;ksa dk iz;ksx ;k ikyu djsxkA

1- m0iz0 vf/kfu;e la[;k 11 lu~ 1941 dh /kkjk 7 }kjk fujflrA

30

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 19&24À ¼3½ jkT; ljdkj ftys esa fu;qDr fdlh izFke Js.kh ds lgk;d dysDVj dks ftys ds ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd mi&e.Myksa ds vfrfjDr gkfde ijxuk ds in ij fu;qDr dj ldrh gSA

¼4½ vfrfjDr gkfde ijxuk ,sls ekeyksa ;k ekeyksa ds oxZ esa] tSlk fd jkT; ljdkj funs"k ns] ftys ds izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj dh ,slh "kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx rFkk ,sls drZO;ksa dk ikyu djsxkA

¼5½ ,d gkfde ijxuk ij rRle; izor̀ bl /kkjk ds vUrxZr rFkk izR;sd nwljs dkuwuksa ds micU/k tc og mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds vUrxZr] tSlk fd ,d gkfde ijxuk gsrq fdlh

"kfDr dk iz;kssx ;k drZO; dk ikyu djus ds fy, ykxw Fks] os lHkh gkfde ijxuk ij ykxw gksaxsA

¼6½ jkT; ljdkj bl /kkjk ds vUrxZr] viuh "kfDr;k¡ ftys ds dysDVj dks ns ldrh gS rFkk okil ys ldrh gSA

19&&,d ftys ds mi&e.My dk izR;sd jkTkLo vf/kdkjh] dysDVj ds lkekU; fu;U=.k es jgrs gq, mi&e.My ds izHkkjh dysDVj] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds v/khu gksxkA jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa dh

v/khuLFkrk

20&&;fn dysDVj dh èR;q gks tkrh gS] ;k vius drZO;ksa dk ikyu djus es fu;ksZX; gks tkrk gS] rks tc rd jkT; ljdkj èr ;k fu;ksZX; dysDVj ds mŸkjkf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr ugha djrh vkSj ,slk mŸkjkf/kdkjh viuh fu;qfDRk dk Hkkj xzg.k ugha dj ysrk gS] tks vf/kdkjh jktLo lEcU/kh ekeyksa ds vLFkk;h :i ls ftys ds izeq[k dk;Zikfydk@ iz"kklu dk mŸkjkf/kdkjh gksrk gS] bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrZxr dysDVj le>k tk;sxkA vLFkk;h fjfDr dh n"kk es

ftys dk dysDVj

v/;k; & rhu

ekufp=ksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa dk vuqj{k.k

¼d½ dkuwuxks vkSj ys[kiky

21&&¼d½ dysDVj ftys ds xkaoksa dks ys[kiky ds gYdksa esa dzec) dj ldrk gS rFkk le;≤ ij ys[kikyksa dh la[;k esa dksbZ ifjorZu fd;s fcuk] ,sls dYdksa dh lhek esa ifjorZu dj ldrk gSA

¼2½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa mfYyf[kr ifjorZuksa ls ys[kikyksa dh la[;k ij izHkko iM+us dh laHkkouk gks rks blds fy, jkT; ljdkj dh iwokZuqefr vko";d gksxh % izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slh dzec)rk ;k ifjorZu rc rd iw.kZ ugha le>k tk;sxk] tc rd fd jkT; ljdkj dh eatwjh ml gsrq izkIr u dj yh xbZ gksA

ys[kiky ds gYdksa dk

fuekZ.k vkSj ifjorZu djus

dh "kfDRk

22&& ø***À

1

23&& bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k mlds vUrxZr fofufnZ'V vfHkys[k dh rS;kjh ds fy, rFkk ,sls drZO;ksa ds iz;kstukFkZ] tks fofgr fd, tk;a] jkT; ljdkj izR;sd gYds ds fy, ,d ys[kiky fu;qDr djsxhA

ys[kikyksa dh fu;qfDr

24&& ø***À¹

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

31

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 25&30À 25&& lkykuk jftLVjksa ds leqfpr Ik;Zos{k.k] j[k&j[kko] lq/kkj rFkk ,sls gh vU; drZO;ksa ds fy,] tks jkT; ljdkj] le;≤ ij fofgr djs] izR;sd ftys esa ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd dkuwuxks fu;qDr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA

dkuwuxks dh fu;qfDr

26&& ø***À¹

27&& izR;sd dkuwuxks vkSj ys[kiky rFkk izR;sd O;fDr] ftls vLFkk;h rkSj ij fdlh ,sls vf/kdkjh ds drZO; ds fuLrkj.k ds fy, fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS] Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vUrxZr lkoZtfud deZpkjh le>s tk;saxs rFkk fdlh vU; vf/kdkjh }kjk vuqjf{kr] lHkh ljdkjh vfHkys[k rFkk nLrkost lkoZtfud vfHkys[k le>s tk;saxs rFkk mUgsa jkT; ljdkj dh lEifŸk le>k tk;sxkA

dkuwuxks vkSj ys[kiky

lkoZtfud deZpkjh gksaxs

rFkk muds vfHkys[k

lkoZtfud vfHkys[k gksaxs

¼[k½ uD"ks

28&& dysDVj /kkjk 234 ds vUrxZr cuk, x, fu;eksa ds vuqlkj vius ftys ds izR;sd xkoa dk ,d uD"kk rFkk QhYM cqd dk vuqj{k.k djsxk rFkk og izfr o'kZ ;k bruh vf/kd vof/k ds vUrjky ij] tks jkT; ljdkj fofgr djs] izR;sd xkao ;k [ksr dh lhekvksa esa gksus okys ifjorZuksa dks fLFkj djk;sxk rFkk og ,sls uD"kksa rFkk QhYM cqd esa fn[kkbZ xbZ Hkwyksa dk lq/kkj djsxkA

ekufp= ¼uD"kk½ rFkk

QhYM cqd dk vuqj{k.k

29&& ¼1½ vius [ksrksa ij fof/kiwoZd cuk, x, LFkk;h lhek ladsrksa dk vius O;; ij lk/kkj.k rFkk mfpr :Ik esa j[kuk izR;sd Hkw&Lokeh dk drZO; gksxkA lhek ladsrksa ds :Ik esa

Hkw&Lokfe;ksa dh ck/;rk

¼2½ vius vf/kdkj {ks= ds Hkhrj fLFkr xkao ds fof/kiwoZd cuk, x, LFkk;h lhek ladsrksa dk vius O;; ij cuk;k tkuk rFkk mls mfpr :Ik esa j[kuk xkao lHkk dk drZO; gksxkA

¼3½ dysDVj fdlh Hkh le; xkao rFkk Hkw&Lokeh dks] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] vkns"k ns ldrk gS fd &

¼d½ og ,sls xkaoksa rFkk [ksrksa ij lhek ladsr cuk;s(

¼[k½ og mu ij fof/kiwoZd cuk, x, lHkh lhek ladsrksa dks ,sls :Ik esa ;k rjhds ls] tSlk fd fofgr fd;k tk;s] ejEer djk;s ;k mls iwokZoLFkk esa yk;sA 30&& fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks nks'kkjksfir djus ds fy,] ftlus tkucw>dj fdlh lhek ladsr dks feVk;k gks] gVk;k gks ;k {kfrxzLr fd;k gks vkSj izR;s dbl izdkj feVk;s x;s] gVk;s x;s ;k {kfrxzLr fd;s x;s fpUgksa ds fy, ml ij vf/kd ls vf/kd 50 :Ik;s rd dysDVj tqekZuk dj ldrk gS] ftruk fpUg dks fQj ls LFkkfir djus rFkk ml O;fDr dks crkSj buke nsus ds fy, t:jh gS] ftldh lwpuk ij og O;fDr nks'kh ?kksf'kr fd;k x;k FkkA tc ,slh /kujkf"k dh olwy;kch ukeqefdu gks rFkk tc vijk/kh dk irk u py jgk gks rks dysDVj ladsr dks iqu%LFkkfir djk dj mldk O;; ,sls Hkw&Lokfe;ksa ;k xkao lHkk ds lehiLFk fLFkr [ksr ;k xkaoksa ds Hkw&/kkjd ls] tSlh Hkh] fLFkfr gks] olwy djsxk] tSlk fd og mfpr le>sA

ladsrksa dks {kfrxzLr djus

vFkok gVkus ds fy,

"kkfLr

32

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 31&33À ¼x½ jftLVj

31&& dysDVj fofgr :Ik esa lHkh xkaoksa dh lwph rS;kj djk;sxk rFkk fu;r jhfr ls mudk vuqj{k.k fofgr :Ik esa ;g n"kk;s tkus ds fy, fd os {ks=& xkaoksa dh lwph

¼d½ unh ds cgko ls izHkkfor {ks= gS(

¼[k½ lansgiw.kZ [ksrh okys {ks= gSa( rFkk

¼x½ ftudh ekyxqtkjh] iw.kZr% ;k va"kr% olwyh xbZ] lfEefJr /ku nsdj NqM+k;h ;k fu;r dj yh xbZ gS(

,sls jftLVjksa dk iqujh{k.k] bl lEcU/k esa cuk;s x;s fu;eks a ds vuqlkj] izR;sd ikaposa o'kZ ij fd;k tkrk jgsxkA

32&& ,sls vioknksa ds v/khu] tks /kkjk 234 ds micU/kksa ds vUrxZr cuk;s x;s fu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;sa] izR;sd xkao ds fy, d, vf/kdkj&vfHkys[k gksxkA vf/kdkj&vfHkys[k mu lHkh O;fDRk;ksa ds ,d jftLVj ds :Ik esa gksxk] tks [ksrh djrs gksa ;k vU;Fkk Hkwfe ij dkfct gksa rFkk /kkjk 55 esa funsZf"kr C;kSjksa dk blesa mYys[k gksxkA vf/kdkj&vfHkys[k

33&& ¼1½ dysDVj vf/kdkj&vfHkys[k dk la/kkj.k djsxk vkSj bl iz;kstu ds fy, izfro'kZ ;k bruh vf/kd le;kof/k ds Ik"pkr~] tks jkT; ljdkj fofgr djs] /kkjk 32 esa mfYyf[kr ,d la"kksf/kr jftLVj rS;kj djk;sxkA

okf'kZd jftLVj

bl izdkj rS;kj fd;k x;k jftLVj ^okf'kZd jftLVj* dgyk;sxkA

¿¼2½ dysDVj okf'kZd jftLVj esa &

¼d½ /kkjk 35 ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj leLr mŸkjkf/kdkj rFkk ladze.k( ;k ¼[k½ vU; ifjorZu] tks fdlh Hkwfe ds laca/k esa gks (

vfHkfyf[kr djk;sxk vkSj leLr v"kqf);ksa rFkk yksiksa dks /kkjk 39 ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj "kq) Hkh djsxk %

izfrcU/k ;g gS fd [k.M ¼[k½ ds v/khu ifjorZu vfHkfyf[kr djus ds vf/kdkj dk ;g vFkZ ugha yxk;k tk;sxk fd mlds vUrxZr fdlh ,sls fookn dks fu.khZr djus dk vf/kdkj Hkh gS] ftlesa gd lEcU/kh dksbZ iz"u vUrxzZLr gksAÀ a

1

¼3½ ,slk dksbZ ifjorZu ;k laO;ogkj dysDVj ;k tSlk ,rRik"Pkkr~ micfU/kr fd;k x;k gS] rglhynkj vFkok dkuwuxks ds vkns"k ds fcuk fyf[kr ugha fd;k tk;sxkA ¿¼4½ dysDVj] izR;sd ml O;fDr ds fufeÙk] tks Hkwfe/kj] pkgs ladze.kh; vf/kdkj okyk gks ;k ugha] vlkeh ;k ljdkjh iV~Vsnkj vfHkfyf[kr gks] ,d fdlku cgh ¼ikl cqd½ rS;kj djk;sxk vkSj mls fnyok;sxk] ftlesa &

¼d½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu rS;kj fd;s x;s okf'kZd jftLVj ls fy, x, ,sls m)j.k] ftlesa mu lHkh tksrksa ds fo'k; esa] ftuds laca/k esa og ¼vdsys ;k nwljksa ds lkFk la;qDr :Ik ls½ ml izdkj vfHkfyf[kr gks] gksaxs(

¼[k½ mls Lohdr̀ vuqnkuksa dk C;kSjk gksxk( vkSj

1- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 35 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

33

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 33d&34À ¼x½ ,sls vU; fooj.k( tks fu;r fd;s tk;a] gksaxs % izfrcU/k ;g gS fd la;qDr tksrksa dh fLFkfr esa] bl mi/kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy, ;g Ik;kZIr gksxk] ;fn fdlku cgh ¼ikl cqd½ ,sls vfHkfyf[kr lg&va"k/kkfj;ksa esa ls ,sls ,d ;k ,dkf/kd dks] tks fu;r fd;k tk;] nh tk;A

¼4&d½ mi/kkjk ¼4½ esa fufnZ'V fdlku cgh ¼ikl cqd½ ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls "kqYd] tks Hkw&jktLo ds cdk;s dh Hkkafr olwy fd;k tk ldsxk] dh vnk;xh ij rS;kj fd;k tk;sxk] tks fd fofgr fd;k tk;sA

¼5½ ,slk izR;sd O;fDr] fcuk fdlh vfrfjDr "kqYd dh vnk;xh ds mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu okf'kZd jftLVj esa fd;s x;s fdlh la"kks/ku dks viuh fdlku cgh ¼ikl cqd½ e sa lekfn'V djkus ds fy, vf/kdr̀ gksxkAÀ

3

¼6½ jkT; ljdkj] lk{; esa laxzg.k ,oa U;kf;d dk;Zokgh esa lcwr rFkk ¿fdlku cgh ¼ikl cqd½À

4

esa izfof'V dh jhfr rFkk blds iqujh{k.k ,oa v|kof/kd izek.khdj.k dh jhfr] fofgr djus okys vkSj f}rh; izfr tkjh djus ,oa mDr iz;kstu ds fy, izHkkfjr fd;s tkus okys "kqYd] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds fy, fu;eksa dks lfEefyr djrs gq,] bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy,] fu;e cuk ldrh gSA

¼7½ bl /kkjk esa ^fofgr* dk rkRi;Z jkT; ljdkj }kjk cuk;s x;s fu;eksa }kjk fofgr ls gSA

¼8½ mi/kkjk ¼4½ ls ¼7½ rd dh dksbZ ckr mu {ks=ksa ij] tks ;k rks pdcUnh izfdz;k ;k rks vfHkys[k izfdz;k ds v/khu gS] ykxw ugha gksaxhA

¿33&d&& ¼1½ tgka dksbZ O;fDr mŸkjkf/kdkj }kjk fdlh Hkwfe dk dCtk izkIr djrk gS] dkuwuxks ,slh tkap djsxk] tSlh fd fofgr dh tk;s vkSj ;fn ekeyk fufoZokn gks rks og mls okf'kZd jftLVj esa vfHkfyf[kr djsxkA

fufoZokfnr mŸkjkf/kdkj ds

ekeyksa esa okf'kZd jftLVjksa

dk la"kks/ku

¿¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/k&

¼,d½ fdlh O;fDr ds] tks mŸkj izns"k Hkwfe fof/k ¼la"kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 1977 ds izkjEHk gksus ds iwoZ mŸkj izns"k tehankjh fouk"k vkSj Hkwfe O;oLFkk vf/kfu;e] 1950 dh /kkjk 195 ds v/khu fdlh Hwfe dk lhjnkj Fkk] ,sls izkjEHk ds Ik"pkr~ mDr /kkjk ds v/khu vladze.kh; vf/kdkj okyk Hkwfe/kj] ;k f}rh; mfYyf[kr vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 197 ds v/khu fdlh Hkwfe dk vlkeh gks x;k gS( rFkk ¼nks½ mŸkj izns"k vf/kdre tksr lhek vkjksi.k vf/kfu;e] 1960 dh /kkjk 27 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fd, x, Hkwfe ds izR;sd cUnkscLr ds laca/k esa] ;Fkko";d ifjorZu lfgr ykxw gksaxsAÀ

5

34&& ¿¼1½ mŸkjkf/kdkj ;k ladze.k ¼,sls mÙkjkf/kdkj ;k ladze.k ls fHkUu] ftls /kkjk 33&d ds v/khu igys gh vfHkfyf[kr dj fy;k x;k gS½ }kjk fdlh Hkwfe ij dCtk ikus okyk izR;sd O;fDr ,sls mÙkjkf/kdkj ;k ladze.k dh lwpuk ml rglhy ds rglhynkj dks nsxk] ftlesa Hkwfe fLFkr gksAÀ

1

mŸkjkf/kdkj vFkok dCts ds vUrj.k dh fjiksVZ ¼2½ ø***À²

1- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 37 ¼d½ }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

34

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 35&39À ¼3½ ø***À

1

¼4½ ;fn bl izdkj mŸkjkf/kdkj izkIr djus ;k vU;Fkk dCtk izkIr djus okyk O;fDr vo;Ld gS ;k vU;Fkk vufgZr gS rks vfHkHkkod ;k vU; O;fDr] ftlds izHkkj esa lEifŸk gS] bl /kkjk }kjk visf{kr lalwpuk nsxkA

¼5½ dksbZ jkTkLo U;k;ky; bl izdkj mŸkjkf/kdkj izkIr djus ;k vU;Fkk dCtk izkIr djus okys O;fDr }kjk nk;j fd;k x;k dksbZ okn ;k fn;k x;k vkosnu&i= rc rd xzg.k ugha djsxk tc rd fd ,sls O;fDr us bl /kkjk }kjk visf{kr lalwpuk u nh gksA ¿Li'Vhdj.k&& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstukFkZ] "kCn ^ladze.k* ds vUrxZr fuEufyf[kr gS] vFkkZr~ &

¼,d½ ,slk dkSVqfEcd O;oLFkkiu] ftlds }kjk ml dqVqEc ds fdlh ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd lnL;ksa ds uke esa vf/kdkj vfHkys[k esa vfHkfyf[kr tksr ;k tksr ds Hkkx dks fdlh nwljs ;k vU; lnL;ksa dk gksuk iz[;kfir fd;k tk;( ;k ¼nks½ mŸkj izns"k tehankjh fouk"k rFkk Hkwfe&O;oLFkk vf/kfu;e] 1950 dh /kkjk 161 ds v/khu tksr ;k mlds Hkkx dk fofue; iz[;kfir fd;k tk;AÀ

1

¿35&& /kkjk 34 ds v/khu mŸkjkf/kdkj ;k ladze.k dh fjiksVZ izkIr gksus ij vU;Fkk rF;ksa dh tkudkj gksus ij] rglhynkj ,slh tkap djsxk] tks vko";d izrhr gks vkSj ;fn ;g izrhr gks fd mÙkjkf/kdkj ;k ladze.k gqvk gS rks og okf'kZd jftLVjksa dks rn~uqlkj la"kksf/kr djus dk funs"k nsxkAÀ

2

fjiksVZ ij izfdz;k 36&& ø***À

1

37&& ¼1½ jftLVjksa esa ukekUrj.k ds fy, mfpr "kqYd jkT; ljdkj fu/kkZfjr dj ldrh gS %

ukekarj.k ds fy, "kqYd

fu/kkZfjr djus dh "kfDr

izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,dy ukekUrj.k ds fy, "kqYd ikap :Ik;s ls vf/kd ugha gksxkA ¼2½ ,slk "kqYd ml O;fDr ij yxk;k tk;sxk] ftlds i{k esa ukekUrj.k fd;k tk jgk gSA

38&& ;fn dksbZ O;fDr iV~Vs ds ekeys esa dCtk izkIr djus dh rkjh[k ls ;k mŸkjkf/kdkj ;k vU; vUrj.k dh rkjh[k ls rhu ekl ds Hkhrj 34 }kjk visf{kr izfrosnu djus dh mis{kk djrk gS rks og tqekZus dk Hkkxh gksxk] tks /kkjk 37 ds vUrxZr ns; "kqYd dh jkf"k ds ikap xqus ls vf/kd ugha gksxh ;k ;fn dksbZ "kqYd u yxus okyk gks rks ,slh jkf"k ls vf/kd ugha gksxh] tks jkT; ljdkj fu;e }kjk fofgr djsA izfrosnu djus esa mis{kk ds

fy, tqekZuk

39&& ¼1½ okf'kZd jftLVj esa fdlh Hkwy ;k yksi ds lq/kkj ds fy, izkFkZuk&i= rglhynkj dks fn;k tk;sxkA

okf'kZd jftLVj esa

v"kqf);ksa dk lq/kkj

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izkFkZuk&i= izkIr djus ;k okf'kZd jftLVj esa fdlh Hkwy ;k yksi dk vU;Fkk laKku gksus ij] rglhynkj ,slh tkap djsxk] tks vko";d izrhr gks vkSj rc ekeys dks dysDVj ds ikl fufnZ'V dj nsxk] tks /kkjk 40 ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj fookn dk fu.kZ; djds] mldk fuLrkj.k djsxk %

1- m0iz0 vf/kfu;e la[;k 1 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;kA

2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 37 ¼x½ }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

35

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 40&42À ¿izfrcU/k ;g fd bl mi/kkjk dh fdlh ckr dk ;g vFkZ ugha yxk;k tk;xk fd og dysDVj dks dksbZ ,sls fookn] ftlesa gd lEcU/kh iz"u vUrxzZLr gks] fu.khZr djus dh

"kfDRk iznku djrh gSAÀ

2

¼3½ mŸkj izns"k iapk;r jkt vf/kfu;e] 1947 esa fdlh ckr ds gksus ds ckotwn mi/kkjk ¼1½ ,oa ¼2½ ds micU/k vfHkHkkoh gksaxsA

40&& ¼1½ okf'kZd jftLVj esa izfof'V;ksa ds fo'k; esa lHkh fooknksa dk fu.kZ; dCts ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxkA

okf'kZd jftLVj esa izfof'V

ds fy, fooknksa dk

fuiVkjk

¼2½ ;fn bl /kkjk ds vUrxZr fookn dh tkap ds nkSjku] dysDVj ;k rglhynkj vius dks bl ckr ls lUrq'V ugha dj ikrk gS fd dkSu i{kdkj dkfct gS rks og vfoyfEcr tkap ds }kjk Bhd&Bhd irk yxk;sxk fd og dkSu lk O;fDr gS] tks lEifŸk dk leqfpr :i ls mŸkjkf/kdkjh gS rFkk ,sls O;fDr dks dkfct djk;sxkA

¼3½ ø****À

1

Li'Vhdj.k&& bl /kkjk esa ^dCtk* "kCn dk rkRi;Z mŸkjkf/kdkj ;k vUrj.k ij vk/kkfjr dCtk gSA

40&d&& /kkjk 33] 35] 39] 40] 41 vFkok 54 ds vUrxZr ikfjr vkns"k fdlh l{ke U;k;ky; esa tksr esa vf/kdkj ds vk/kkj ij vuqrks'k ds fy, fdlh okn dks fujksf/kr ugha djsxkA

LoRo laca/kh okn ds fo'k;

esa O;kòfŸk;ka

41&& ¼1½ lhek lEcU/kh lHkh fooknksa dks ;FkklEHko orZeku losZ{k.k uD"kkas ds vk/kkj ij fuf.kZr fd;k tk;sxk] ijUrq ;fn ,slk lEHko u gks rks okLrfod dCts ds vk/kkj ij lhek;sa fuf"kpr dh tk;asxhA

lhek fooknksa dk fuiVkjk

¼2½ ;fn bl /kkjk ds vUrxZr fookn dh tkap ds nkSjku] dysDVj vius dks bl ckr ij larq'V djus esa vleFkZ ikrk gS fd dkSu i{kdkj dkfct gS ;k ;fn ;g nf"kZr fd;k tkrk gS fd tkap izkjEHk gksus ds igys rhu ekl ds Hkhrj oS/k v/;kfl;ksa dks dCtk lnks'k csn[kyh djds izkIr djk;k x;k gS rks dysDVj &

¼d½ igyh ifjfLFkfr esa vfoyfEcr tkap }kjk ifjfuf"pr djsxk fd lEifŸk dk mfpr vf/kdkj j[kus okyk dkSu lk O;fDr gS rFkk ,ssls O;fDr dks dCtk fnyk;sxk(

¼[k½ nwljh ifjfLFkfr esa bl izdkj csn[ky fd;s x;s O;fDr dks dCtk fnyk;sxk vkSj rn~uqlkj lhek fu/kkZfjr djsxkA

41&d&& ø****À

1

42&& ø*****À

1

1- m0iz0 vf/kfu;a la[;k 01 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;k A 2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 39 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

36

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 43&50À 43&& fdlh [kkrsnkj }kjk ns; Hkw&jktLo ;k yxku ds laca/k esa fookn gksus dh n"kk esa dysDVj fookn dk fuLrkj.k ugha djsxk] cfYd fiNys o'kZ ns; Hkw&jktLo ;k yxku dks] tc rd fd mls bl vf/kfu;e ;k ;w0ih0 VsusUlh ,sDV] 1039 ;k mŸkj izns"k tehankjh fouk"k ,oa Hkwfe O;oLFkk vf/kfu;e] 1950 ds vUrxZr djkj vFkok vkns"k }kjk c<+k ;k lekIr u dj fn;k x;k gks] ml o'kZ ds fy,] ftldk mYys[k okf'kZd jftLVj djrk gS] ns; ntZ dj nsxkA

ns; yxku fookfnr gksus

ij izfdz;k

44&& okf'kZd jftLVj dh lHkh izfof'V;ka] tc rd fd foijhr fl) u dj nh tk;a] lgh ekuh tk;saxhA

okf'kZd jftLVj dh

izfof'V;ksa ds fo'k; eas

/kkj.kk

45&& ø*****À

1

46&& O;fDr] ftlds vf/kdkj] fgr ;k ns;rk rRle; ykxw fdlh fof/k ;k ,slh fof/k ds varxZr cuk;s x;s fdlh fu;e }kjk dkuwuxks vFkok ys[kiky }kjk ljdkjh jftLVj esa izfo'V fd;s tkus ds visf{kr gks] dkuwuxks ;k ys[kiky vFkok jftLVj ds ladyu esa yxs fdlh jktLo vf/kdkjh }kjk ekax fd;s tkus ij] muds lgh ladyu ds fy, vko";d leLr lwpuk;sa izLrqr djus ds fy, ck/; gksxkA

vfHkys[kksa dh rS;kjh ds

fy, vko";d lwpuk

miyC/k djkus dk nkf;Ro

47&& vf/kfu;e ds varxZr j[ks tkus okys lHkh uD"ks] QhYMcqd ,oa jftLVj ,sls le; ij rFkk "kqYd ds ckjs esa ;k vU;Fkk ,slh "krksZa ij tSlk fd jkT; ljdkj fofgr djs] yksd fujh{k.k ds fy, miyC/k gksaxsA

vfHkys[kksa dk fujh{k.k

v/;k;& pkj

uD"kksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa dk iqujh{k.k

48&& ;fn jkT; ljdkj ;g le>rh gS fd fdlh ftys ;k vU; LFkkuh; {ks= esa] vfHkys[kksa dk lkekU; ;k vkaf"kd iqujh{k.k ;k iqu% losZ{k.k ;k nksuksa fd;k tkuk pkfg, rks og bl vk"k; dh ,d vf/klwpuk izdkf"kr djsxhA

vf/klwpuk dk izHkko& vkSj ,slk izR;sd LFkkuh; {ks=] vfHkys[k ;k losZ{k.k lafdz;kvksa ;k nksuksa ds] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] foKfIr ds fnukad ls tc rd fd nwljh foKfIr mu lafdz;kvksa dks cUn fd, tkus dh ?kks'k.kk djrs gq, tkjh u dh xbZ gks] ds vUrxZr j[kk tk,xkA

vfHkys[k&izorZu dh

vf/klwpuk

49&& jkT; ljdkj fdlh LFkkuh; {ks= esa vfHkys[k dk;Zokfg;ksa ;k losZ{k.k ;k nksuksa] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] ds izHkkjh ds :Ik esa ,d vf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr dj ldrh gS] ftls ,rfLeui"pkr~ vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dgk tk;sxk rFkk og ftrus mfpr le>s mrus lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr dj ldrh gS vkSj tc rd ,slk LFkkuh; {ks= vfHkys[k dk;Zokgh ;k losZ{k.k] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] ds v/khu jgs] ml nkSjku esa ,sls vf/kdkjh ;k bl vf/kfu;e }kjk mUgsa iznŸk fd;s x;s vf/kdkjksa dk iz;ksx djsaxsA vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh

¿50&& tc dksbZ LFkkuh; {ks= losZ{k.k fdz;k ds vUrxZr gks] rc vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ;g funZs"k nsrs gq, mn~?kks'k.kk dj ldrk gS fd lHkh xkao lHkk vkSj Hkwfe/kj iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj ,sls lhek&fpUg yxk;sa] ftUgsa muds xkaoksa vkSj [ksrksa dh lhek dks fu/kkZfjr djus ds fy, vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh vko";d le>s vkSj mn~?kks'k.kk esa fofufnZ'V le; ds Hkhrj muds }kjk vuqikyu u djus dh fLFkfr esa vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ,sls lhek&fpUg yxok ldrk gS vkSj rc dysDVj muds yxkus dh ykxr lEc) xkao lHkk ;k Hkwfe/kjksa ls olwy djsxkAÀ

1

lhek fpUg yxkus dh vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dh

"kfDr 1- m0iz vf/kfu;e la[;k 01 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;kA 2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 8 o'kZ 1977 dh /kkjk 68 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

37

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 51&54À 51&& fdUgha lhekvksa ds laca/k esa fookn ds ekeys esa vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ,sls fookn dk fofu"p; /kkjk 41 esa fofgr jhfr ls djsxkA

fooknksa dk fofu"p;

52&& tc dksbZ LFkkuh; {ks= losZ{k.k lafdz;kvksa ds vUrxZr gks rks vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh mleas fLFkr izR;sd xkao ds fy, ,d uD"kk rFkk QhYM cqd rS;kj djsxk] tks rnqijkUr] igys ls fo|eku uD"ks rFkk QhYM cqd ds LFkku ij dysDVj }kjk /kkjk 28 eas micfU/kr ds vuqlkj j[kh tk;sxhA

iqu% losZ{k.k esa rS;kj fd,

tkus okys vfHkys[k

53&& tc dksbZ LFkkuh; {ks= vfHkys[k dk;Zokgh ds vUrxZr gks rks vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh mlesa izR;sd xkao ds fy, /kkjk 32 esa fufnZ'V vfHkys[k rS;kj djsxk vkSj bl izdkj rS;kj fd, x, vfHkys[k rnqijkUr /kkjk 33 ds vUrxZr iys j[ks tk jgs vf/kdkj vfHkys[kksa ds LFkku ij dysDVj }kjk j[ks tk;saxsA

u;s vf/kdkj vfHkys[kksa dh

rS;kjh

¿54&& ¼1½ bl v/;k; ds v/khu ekufp= vkSj vfHkys[kksa dk iqujh{k.k djus ds fy, vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh vkxs fn, x;s micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] fofgr izfdz;k ds vuqlkj losZ{k.k] ekufp=&"kks/ku] [krsrokj iM+rky vkSj pkyw okf'kZd jftLVj dk ijh{k.k vkSj lR;kiu djk;sxkA

fookn jfgr izfof'V;ka vkSj

vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh }kjk

izfof'V;ksa lEcU/kh fooknksa

dk fuiVkjk

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds vuqlkj pkyw okf'kZd jftLVj dk ijh{k.k vkSj lR;kiu gks tkus ds Ik"pkr~ uk;c rglhynkj ,sls jftLVj esa fyfidh; Hkwyksa vkSj xyfr;ksa dks] ;fn dksbZ gks] Bhd djsxk vkSj lEc) [kkrsnkj vkSj ,sls vU; fgrc) O;fDRk;ksa dks uksfVl fHktok;sxk] ftlesa pkyw okf'kZd jftLVj vkSj ,sls vU; vfHkys[kksa ls] ftUgsa fofgr fd;k tk;s] lqlaxr m)j.k fn;s tk;saxs vkSj ftlesa Hkwfe ds laca/k esa muds vf/kdkj vkSj nkf;Ro vkSj mDr vijk/k esa mfYyf[kr fdz;kvksa ds nkSjku ik;h x;h Hkwysa vkSj fookn fn[kk;s tk;saxsA ¼3½ dksbZ O;fDRk] ftls mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu uksfVl tkjh dh xbZ gks] uksfVl dh izkfIr ds bDdhl fnu ds Hkhrj uk;c rglhynkj ds le{k mlds laca/k esa vkifŸk izLrqr dj ldrk gS] ftlesa ,sls vfHkys[kksa ;k m)j.kksa esa izfof'V;ksa dh "kq)rk ;k muds izdkj ds lEcU/k esa izfrokn fd;k x;k gksA

¼4½ Hkwfe esa fgrc) dksbZ O;fDr Hkh mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds vuqlkj fookn dk fuiVkjk gksus ds iwoZ uk;c rglhynkj ds le{k ;k mi/kkjk ¼6½ ds vuqlkj vkifŸk;ksa dk fofuf"p; fd;s tkus ds iwoZ lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ds le{k fdlh le; vkifŸk;ka izLrqr dj ldrk gSA ¼5½ uk;c rglhynkj &

¼d½ tgka mi/kkjk ¼3½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds vuqlkj vkifŸk;ka izLrqr dh tk;sa] ogka lEc) i{kdkjksa dh lquokbZ djus ds Ik"pkr~( vkSj

¼[k½ fdlh vU; fLFkfr esa] ,slh tkap djus ds Ik"pkr~] ftls og vko";d le>s(

Hkwy dk lq/kkj djsxk vkSj vius le{k mifLFkr gksus okys i{kdkjksa ds chp le>kSrk }kjk fookn dk fuiVkjk djsxk vkSj ,sls le>kSrs ds vk/kkj ij vkns"k ikfjr djsxkA

¼6½ mu lHkh ekeyksa ds vfHkys[k] ftudk fuLrkj.k uk;c rglhynkj }kjk mi/kkjk ¼5½ dh vis{kkuqlkj le>kSrk }kjk ugha fd;k tk ldrk] lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dks Hkst fn;k tk;sxk] tks mudk fuLrkj.k] ;FkkfLFkfr] /kkjk 40] 41 ;k 43 ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj djsxk vkSj tgka fookn esa gd dk iz"u vUrxzZLr gks] ogka og mldk fofu"p; ljljh rkSj ij tkap djus ds Ik"pkr~ djsxkA

38

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 55&57À ¼7½ tgka mi/kkjk ¼6½ ds v/khu ljljh rkSj ij tkap djus ds Ik"pkr~ lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dk lek/kku gks tk;s fd fooknxzLr Hkwfe jkT; ljdkj ;k fdlh LFkkuh; izkf/kdkjh dh gS] ogka og ,slh Hkwfe ij vizkf/kdr̀ v/;klu j[kus okys O;fDr dks csn[ky djk;sxk vkSj bl iz;kstu ds fy, ,sls cy dk iz;ksx dj ldrk gS ;k djk ldrk gS] tks vko";d gksA

¼8½ lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dk izR;sd vkns"k&

¼d½ tks mi/kkjk ¼6½ ds v/khu fn;k x;k gks] /kkjk 210 vkSj 219 ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq, vfUre gksxk(

¼[k½ tks mi/kkjk ¼7½ ds v/khu fn;k x;k gks] O;fFkr O;fDr }kjk fdlh l{ke vf/kdkfjrk;qDr U;k;ky; eas izLrqr okn ds ifj.kke ds v/khu jgrs gq,] vfUre gksxkAÀ

1

55&&/kkjk 32 esa fofufnZ'V Hkwfe ij [ksrh djus okys ;k vU;Fkk dCtk djus okys O;fDr;ksa dk jftLVj izR;sd [kkrsnkj ds fo'k; esa fuEufyf[kr fooj.k fofufnZ'V djsxk % d`'kdksa dh lwph esa of.kZr

gksus okys fooj.k

¼d½ mŸkj izns"k tehankjh fouk"k ,oa Hkwfe O;oLFkk vf/kfu;e] 1950 }kjk fu/kkZfjr HkkSfed vf/kdkj dk oxZ(

¼[k½ [kkrsnkj }kjk ns; jktLo ;k yxku( vkSj

¼x½ HkkSfed vf/kdkj dh dksbZ vU; "krsZa] ftls jkT; ljdkj] /kkjk 234 ds v/khu cus fu;eksa }kjk vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkuk visf{kr djsA

Li'Vhdj.k&& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy, og o'kZ] ftlds fy, jftLVj rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS] ,d iw.kZ o'kZ fxuk tk;sxkA

56&& ø******À

2

57&& bl v/;k; ds micU/kksa ds vuqlj rS;kj fd;s x;s vf/kdkj vfHkys[k dh lHkh izfof'V;ka] tc rd fd izfrdwy fl) u dj nh tk;sa] lgh ekuh tk;saxh rFkk fooknksa ds ekeyksa esa bl v/;k; ds vUrxZr fn, x;s lHkh fu.kZ;] /kkjk 40 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds micU/kksa ds v/khu] ,sls fooknksa ds fo'k;&oLrq ds laca/k esa lHkh jktLo U;k;ky;ksa ij ca/kdkjh gksaxs] ysfdu ,slh dksbZ izfof'V ;k fu.kZ; fdlh O;fDr ds /kkjk 32 }kjk fofgr jftLVj esa vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tkus ds fy, visf{kr Hkwfe esa] fdlh fgr dks O;ogkj U;k;ky; esa] eakxus ,oa fl) djus ds vf/kdkj dks izHkkfor ugha djsxkA

v/;k; 5 ls v/;k; 8

¼X X X½³

izfof'V;ksa ds laca/k esa

/kkj.kk

1- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 6 o'kZ 1978 dh /kkjk 11 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 1 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;kA

39

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 189&193À v/;k; & 9

jktLo U;k;ky;ksa ,oa jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa dh izfdz;k 189&& ,d vk;qDr vius e.My esa fdlh LFkku ij viuk U;k;ky; inLFk dj ldrk gSA

U;k;ky; inLFk fd;s

tkus dk LFkku

,d vij vk;qDr ml e.My ;k e.Myksa esa] ftlesa ;k ftuds fy, mls fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS] fdlh LFkku ij viuk U;k;ky; inLFk dj ldrk gSA ,d dysDVj] vij dysDVj] lgk;d dysDVj] ¼pkgs og ftys ds fdlh mie.My dk izHkkjh gks vFkok ugha½ vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh] lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh] cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh ;k lgk;d cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh] ftl ftys esa mls fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS] mlds fdlh LFkku ij viuk U;k;ky; inLFk dj ldrk gSA

rglhynkj viuh rglhy esa fdlh LFkku viuk U;k;ky; inLFk dj ldrk gSA 190&& dysDVj] cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh] vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh vkSj muds lgk;d] v/khuLFk deZpkjhx.k] vfHkdrkZ rFkk dk;ZdrkZ Hkwfe ij izos"k] losZ{k.k rFkk Hkwfe dh gncUnh dk lhekadu dj ldrs gSa ,oa bl vf/kfu;e ;k fdlh vU; vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr vius drZO;ksa lEcU/kh fdlh iz;kstu ds fy, lHkh vko";d dk;Z fu'ikfnr dj ldrs gSaA Hkwfe ij izos"k djus rFkk

losZ{k.k djus dh "kfDr

¿191&& ifj'kn~ ;k vk;qDr] bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds v/khu mn~Hkwr gksus okys fdlh okn ;k dk;Zokgh dks] ftlds vUrxZr foHkktu lEcU/kh okn Hkh gS] fdlh v/khuLFk jktLo U;k;ky; ;k jktLo vf/kdkjh ls fdlh ,sls vU; U;k;ky; ;k vf/kdkjh dks] tks mu ij dk;Zokgh djus ds fy, l{ke gks] ladzfer dj ldrk gSAÀ

1

ladzfer djus dk ifj'kn~ ;k vk;qDr dk vf/kdkj 192&& dysDVj ftys ds mi[k.M dk izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj] rglhynkj] vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh vFkok cankscLr vf/kdkjh bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds v/khu vFkok vU;Fkk gksus okys fdlh ekeys ;k ekeyksa ds oxZ dks viuh Qkby ls vius fdlh ,sls l{ke v/khuLFk dks tkap ;k fu.kZ; ds fy, Hkst ldrk gS] tks ,sls ekeys ;k ekeyksa ds oxZ dk fuiVkjk djus ds fy, l{ke gks vFkok fdlh ekeys ;k ekeyksa ds oxZ dks vius fdlh v/khuLFk jktLo vf/kdkjh ds ;gka ls okil eaxkdj Lo;a mldk fuiVkjk dj ldrk gS ;k fuiVk;s tkus ds fy, fdlh ,sls vU; jktLo vf/kdkjh ds ikl Hkst ldrk gS] tks mldk fucVkjk djus ds fy, l{ke gksA

v/khuLFkksa ls] ;k ds ikl]

oknksa dks vUrfjr djus

dh "kfDr

192&d&& tgka fu/kkZj.k ds fy, lkjr% leku iz"u ls ;qDr ,oa leku okn dkj.k ij vk/kkfjr ,d ls vf/kd ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd U;k;ky;ksa esa py jgs gksa] fdlh i{kdkj }kjk ,sls U;k;ky;ksa dks izkFkZuk&i= fn;s tkus ij] ftlds v/khu lacaf/kr U;k;ky; vFkok vnkyrsa gSa] ,d gh U;k;ky; esa ,dhdr̀ fd;s tk;saxs vkSj ,d gh fu.kZ; }kjk fu.khZr fd;s tk;saxsA ,sls ekeys lh/ks mlls ofj'B U;k;ky; esa nk;j fd;s tk ldrs gSaA ekeyksa dk ,dhdj.k

193&& dksbZ jktLo U;k;ky; fdlh O;fDr dks] ftldh mifLFkfr vius le{k fdlh vUos'k.k] okn vFkok vU; dk;Z ds iz;kstu ds fy, og vko";d le>s] vkgwr dj ldrk gSA

lk{; nsus ,oa vfHkys[k

nkf[ky djus ds fy,

O;fDRk;ksa dks vkgwr djus

dh "kfDr

1 m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 40 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

40

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 194&199À bl izdkj vkgwr fd;s x;s lHkh O;fDr Lo;a ;k fdlh vf/kdr̀ vfHkdrkZ }kjk] tSlk fd U;k;ky; esa Hkst ns] mifLFkr gksus ds fy, vkSj ftl fo'k; ds lEcU/k esa mudh iP̀Nk dh tk;s] mlds fo'k; esa lR; dgus ;k c;ku nsus ,oa dkxtkr ;k ,slh phtsa is"ku djus] tSlk fd visf{kr fd;k tk;s] ck/; gksaxs %

izfrcU/k ;g gS fd flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 dh /kkjk 132 ,oa 133 ds vUrxZr O;ogkj U;k;ky; esa O;fDrxr gkftjh ls eqDr O;fDr mu /kkjkvksa ds micU/kksa ds v/khu bl /kkjk ds vUrxZr O;fDrxr gkftjh ls eqDr gksaxsA

194&& ;fn dksbZ O;fDr] ftl ij lk{; nsus ;k nLrkost is"k djus ds fy, leu rkehy gks pqdk gS] leu dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks og vf/kdkjh] ftlus leu tkjh fd;k gS] flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 ds vkns"k 16 ds fu;e 10 ls 13] 17 ,oa 18 }kjk O;ogkj U;k;ky;ksa dks iznŸk vf/kdkj dk iz;ksx dj ldrk gSA leu ds vuuqikyu dh

n"kk esa izfdz;k

195&& izR;sd leu nks izfr;ksa esa fyf[kr gksxk ,oa tkjh djus okys vf/kdkjh }kjk vFkok ,sls O;fDr }kjk] ftls og blds fy, l"kDr djs] gLrk{kfjr vkSj eqnzkafdr fd;k tk;sxkA

leu rkehyh dh izfdz;k tkjh djus okys ls fHkUu ftys esa rkehy&& leu dh rkehy leu fd;s x;s O;fDr dks mldh ,d izfr ds fufonku ;k ifjnku }kjk dh tk;sxh ;k ;fn mldk irk ugha py ldrk gS rks leu dh ,d izfr lk/kkj.kr% mlds fuokl&LFkku ds fdlh lgt n"̀; ij Hkkx dj fpidkdj dh tk;sxh vkSj ;fn ,slk O;fDr fdlh nwljs ftys esa fuokl djrk gS] rks leu Mkd }kjk ml ftys ds dysDVj ds ikl rkehy fd;s tkus ds fy, izsf'kr fd;k tk,xkA

leu dk fyf[kr]

gLrk{kfjr ,oa eqnzkafdr

gksuk

196&& bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr izR;sd uksfVl ml O;fDr ij ftl ij ;g rkehy gksuk gS ;k ;fn ,slk O;fDr Hwkfe dk Lokeh gS rks mlds vfHkdrkZ ij fufonku ;k ifjnku }kjk vFkok mldh ,d izfr Hkkjrh; Mkd?kj vf/kfu;e] 1898 ds vUrxZr iathdr̀ Mkd }kjk Hkstdj ;k ml Hkwfe] ftldk gokyk uksfVl esa fn;k x;k gS] ij ;k ds lehiLFk fdlh yksd lekxe ds LFkku ij mldh ,d izfr pLik dj rkehy dh tk ldsxhA uksfVl rkehy djus dh

jhfr

197&& tc dHkh bl vf/kfu;e ds varxZr dksbZ mn~?kks'k.kk tkjh dh tkrh gS rks mldh izfr;ka mls tkjh djus okys vf/kdkjh ds U;k; lnu esa] ml rglhy] ftlds vUnj lanfHkZr Hkwfe fLFkr gS] ds eq[;ky; ij ,oa lanfHkZr Hkwfe ij ;k ds fudV yksd lekxe ds fdlh LFkku ij] fpidk;h tk;saxh vkSj ;fn bls tkjh djus okyk vf/kdkjh ,slk funs"k ns] rks blds vfrfjDr ml Hkwfe] ftldk gokyk blesa fn;k x;k gS] ij ;k ds fudV mn~?kks'k.kk dk izdk"ku

mn~?kks'k.kk tkjh djus dh

jhfr

198&& fdlh O;fDr ds uke ;k inuke esa vFkok mleas fufnZ'V fdlh Hkwfe ds fooj.k esa fdlh =qfV ds dkj.k dksbZ uksfVl ;k mn~?kks'k.kk tc rd ,slh =qfV ls lkjoku vU;wu gqvk gks] "kwU; ugha le>h tk;sxhA

uksfVl ,oa mn~?kks'k.kk =qfV

ds dkj.k "kwU; ugha gksxh

199&& ;fn fdlh jktLo U;k;ky; esa fopkjk/khu U;kf;d izdf̀r dh fdlh dk;Zokgh esa dksbZ i{kdkj lkf{k;ksa dh mifLFkfr pkgrk gS rks og flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 ds vkns"k 16 ds fu;e 2 ls 4 rd esa fofgr izfdz;k dk vuqlj.k djsxkA lkf{k;ksa dh mifLFkfr

izkIr djus dh izfdz;k

41

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 200&206À 200&& tc ,slh dk;Zokgh dk dksbZ i{kdkj leu eas fufnZ'V fnol ij vFkok fdlh vU; fnol ij ftl rd ekeyk LFkfxr dj fn;k x;k gks] mifLFkr gksus esa mis{kk djrk gS] rks U;k;ky; ,sls pwd ds dkj.k ekeyksa dks [kkfjt dj ldrk gS ;k ,di{kh; lquokbZ dj QSlyk dj ldrk gSA

i{kdkj dh vuqifLFkfr esa

lquokbZ

201&& /kkjk 200 ds vUrxZr ,di{kh; ;k pwd ds dkj.k ikfjr fd;s x;s vkns"k ds fo:) dksbZ vihy ugha gksxh %

,di{kh; vFkok pwd ds

dkj.k ikfjr vkns"kksa ds

fo:) dksbZ vihy ugha

ijUrq ,sls lHkh ekeyksa esa ;fn og i{kdkj] ftlds fo:) fu.kZ; fn;k x;k gS] Lo;a ;k fdlh vfHkdrkZ }kjk ;fn oknh gS rks ,sls vkns"k ds iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj vkSj ;fn izfroknh gS rks ,sls vkns"k dks mls lalwfpr fd;s tkus ;k fu.kZ; dks ykxw fd;s tkus ds fy, fdlh vknsf"kdk ds fu'iknu ds 15 fnu ds Hkhrj ;k blls igys gkftj gkrk gS vkSj viuh vuqifLFkfr ds fy, mi;qDr dkj.k fn[kkrk gS rFkk vkns"k nsus okys vf/kdkjh dks bl ckr ls larq'V dj nsrk gS fd U;k; ugha gqvk gS rks ,slk vf/kdkjh [kpsZ ds fo'k; esa ;k vU;Fkk] ,slh

"krksZa ij ftls og mfpr le>s] ekeys dks iquthZfor dj ldrk gS rFkk ekey ds U;k; ds vuqlkj vkns"k dks ifjofrZr ;k fo[kf.Mr dj ldrk gSA

izfri{kh dks fcuk leu fd;s vkns"k ifjofrZr ugha fd;k tk;sxk % izfrca/k ;g gS fd ,slk dksbZ vkns"k ml i{kdkj dks ftlds i{k esa fu.kZ; fn;k x;k gS] mifLFkr gksus ,oa blds leFkZu esa lqus tkus ds fy, igys leu fd;s fcuk myVk ;k ifjofrZr ugha fd;k tk;sxkA

202&& dksbZ U;k;ky; vFkok vf/kdkjh] ftlds }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fdlh dk;Zokgh esa dksbZ vkns"k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ,sls vkns"k d s 90 fnuksa ds vUnj ;k rks Lo;a viuh vksj ls ;k fdlh i{kdkj ds izkFkZuk&i= ij] ekeys ds fdlh lkjoku Hkkx dks izHkkfor u djus okyh fdlh =qfV ;k yksi dks] i{kdkjksa dks ,slh lwpuk ds Ik"pkr~] tks fd vko";d gks] lq/kkj ldrk gSA

=qfV ;k yksi dk lq/kkj

203&& ifj'kn~] vk;qDr vij vk;qDr] dysDVj] vij dysDVj] lgk;d dysDVj izFke Js.kh] vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ;k lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh] cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh ;k lgk;d cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh vius lkeus py jgs fdlh fookn dks i{kdkjksa dh lgefr ls vkns"k }kjk e/;LFkk ds fy, Hkst ldr s gSaA

fooknksa dks e/;LFkrk ds

fy, Hkstus dh 'kfDr

204&& /kkjk 203 ds varxZr e/;LFkrk ds fy, Hksts x;s lHkh ekeyksa esa e/;LFkk vf/kfu;e] 1940 ds izkfo/kku] tgka rd fd os bl vf/kfu;e esa fdlh ckr ls vlaxr u gksa] ykxw gksaxsA

e/;LFkrk ds fy, Hksts x;s

ekeyksa esa izfdz;k

205&& iapkV dks vikLr djkus ds fy, dksbZ izkFkZuk&i= iapkV dh lquokbZ ds fy, fu;r fnukad ds ckn 10 fnu ds vUnj fn;k tk;sxkA

iapkV dks vikLr djkus

ds fy, izkFkZuk&i=

206&& ;fn funsZ"k djus okys vf/kdkjh dks bl ckr dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha fn[kykbZ nsrk gS fd iapfu.kZ; ;k mlesa mfYyf[kr fdlh ekeys dks iqu% fopkjkFkZ e/;LFkrk ds fy, Hkstk tk, rFkk ;fn iapfu.kZ; dks vikLr djus ds fy, dksbZ vkosnu&i= ugha fn;k x;k gS vFkok ;fn mlus ,sls vkosnu&i= dks ukeatwj dj fn;k gS rks og ekeys dks iapfu.kZ; ds vuqlkj fu.khZr djsxk ;k ;fn iapfu.kZ; mlds le{k ,d fof"k'V ekeys ds :Ik esa izLrqr fd;k x;k gS rks ,sls ekeyksa esa vius erkuqlkj fu.khZr djsxkA

iapfu.kZ; ds vuqlkj

fofu"p;

42

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 207&213À 207&& ,sls fu.kZ; dk rqjUr dk;kZUo;u fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mlds fo:) vihy ugha dh tk ldsxh] tc rd fd og fu.kZ; iapkV ds ijs ugha gS ;k mlds vuqlkj ugha gS ;k tc rd fu.kZ; ds fojks/k esa ;g ugha dgk tkrk gS fd fof/k ;k rF; dh nf̀'V esa dksbZ oS/k iapfu.kZ; ugha gS(

vkSj dksbZ Hkh O;fDr bls vikLr djus ds iz;kstukFkZ vFkok e/;LFkksa ds fo:) mlds iap fu.kZ; ds dkj.k dksbZ okn flfoy U;k;ky; esa nk;j ugha djsxkA vihy ,oa nhokuh

U;k;ky; eas okn ds izfr

otZu

208&& i{kdkj vkSj i{kdkj ds chp [kpsZ ds vfrfjDr] lHkh Qhl] tqekZus ,oa [kpsZ rFkk bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr Hkqxrku ds fy, vknsf"kr nwljh /kujkf"k;ka mlh izdkj olwy dh tk ldasxh] ekuks og Hkw&jktLo dh cdk;k gksA

jktLOk U;k;ky; dks bl vf/kfu;e esa fdUgha fof"k'V micU/kksa ds v/khu mlds le{k fdlh dk;Zokgh esa] bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr ns; [kpZ dks nsus ,oa foHkkftr djus dk vf/kdkj ,slh jhfr esa gksxk] tSlk fd og mfpr le>s %

izfrcU/k ;g gS fd tc Hkwfe dks bl /kkjk ds v/khu jkT; ljdkj dks vnk u fd;s tkus okyh /kujkf"k ds fy, cspk x;k gks rks ,slh fcdzh ds fy, /kkjk 161 ds fy, /kkjk 161 ds micU/k ykxw ugha gksaxsA

tqekZus rFkk [kpsZ dh

olwyh

209&& tc ;g vkns"k fn;k tk; fd ,d O;fDr dks fdlh vpy lEifŸk dk dCtk fnyk;k tk, rks ,slk vkns"k nsus okyk vf/kdkjh dCts dk leiZ.k mlh jhfr rFkk mUgha vf/kdkjksa lfgr djsxk] tks lHkh voeku izfrjks/k rFkk ,slh gh ckrksa ds flyflys esa flfy U;k;ky; }kjk viuh fMfdz;ksa ds fu'iknu esa oS/krkiwoZd iz;ksx fd;s tkrs gSaA vpy lEifŸk ds dCts dk

leiZ.k

v/;k;&10

¿vihy vkSj iqujh{k.kÀ

3

210&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vihysa fuEufyf[kr izdkj ls gksaxh %& ¼d½ lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ds vkns"kksa ds fo:) vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dks( ¼[k½ ¼,d½ dysDVj] lgk;d dysDVj izFke Js.kh vFkok ijxus ds izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj ds vkns"kksa ds fo:) vk;qDr dks(

¼nks½ lgk;d dysDVj f}rh; Js.kh vFkok rglhynkj ds vkns"kksa ds fo:) dysDVj dks( ¼x½ ø**À

2

¼2½ ø***À

2

¼3½ ø***À

2

¼4½ ø***À

2

¼5½ ø***À

2

¼6½ /kkjk 28] 33] 39 ;k 40 ds vUrxZr ikfjr fdlh vkns"k ds fo:) vihy ugha gks ldsxhA

U;k;ky;] ftuesa vihysa

dh tk ldrh gSa

211&& tc rd dksbZ vkns"k bl vf/kfu;e }kjk vfHkO;Dr :Ik ls vfUre ugha dj fn;k tkrk gS] /kkjk 210 ds v/khu mldh lquokbZ ds fy, vf/kdr̀ U;k;ky; dks] bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds v/khu gqbZ dk;Zokfg;ksa esa ikfjr izR;sd ewy vkns"k ds fo:) vihy gks ldsxhA

izFke vihy

212&& ø***À

2

213&& ø ****À

1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1- m0iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 20 o'kZ 1954 }kjk fujflrA

2- m0iz0 vf/kfu;e 01 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;k A

3- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 20 o'kZ 1997 dh /kkjk 4 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

43

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 214&219À 214&& tc rd fd bl vf/kfu;e esa] vfHkO;Dr :Ik ls vU;Fkk micfU/kr u fd;k x;k gks] vkyksP;kns"k ds fnukad ls 30 fnu chr tkus ij] dksbZ Hkh vihy ugha dh tk ldsxhA

vihy nk;j djus dh

vof/k

215&& Hkkjrh; ifjlhek vf/kfu;e] 1908 dh /kkjk 5 esa fofufnZ'V vk/kkjksa ij vihy dks Lohdkj djus okys vkns"k ds fo:) dksbZ vihy ugha gks ldsxhA vihy xzg.k djus okys

vkns"k ds fo:) vihy

216&& ¼1½ vihyh; U;k;ky; vihy dks ;k rks Lohdkj dj ldrk gS ;k ljljh rkSj ij ukeatwj dj ldrk gSA

vihyh; U;k;ky; dh

"kfDr;ka ¼2½ ;fn og vihy dks Lohdkj djrk gS rks og] ftl vkns"k ds fo:) vihy dh xbZ gS] mls iyV ldrk gS] cny ldrk gS ;k mldh iqf'V dj ldrk gS ;k ,slh vkSj tkap fd;s tkus ;k ,slk vfrfjDr lk{; fy, tkus dk funs"k ns ldrk gS] tSlk fd og vko";d le>s(

;k Lo;a ,slk vfrfjDr lk{; ys ldrk gS(

;k ekeys dk fuiVkus ds fy, ,sls funsZ"kksa ds lkFk fjek.M dj ldrk gS] tSlk fd og mfpr le>sA

217&& tc vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk vihy Lohdkj dh tkrh gS rks vihy ds ifj.kke vkus rd] vihyh; U;k;ky; v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds vkns"k ds fu'iknu dks LFkfxr djus dk funs"k ns ldrk gSA

v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds

vkns"k ds fu'iknu dks

fuyfEcr djus dh "kfDr

218&& ø***À¹

¿219&& ¼1½ ifj'kn~ ;k vk;qDr ;k dysDVj ;k vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ;k cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh vius v/khuLFk jktLo U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkns"k ;k dh xbZ dk;Zokgh dh oS/krk ;k vkSfpR; ds ckjs esa viuk lek/kku djus ds iz;kstu ls muds }kjk fu.khZr fdlh ,sls ekeys ;k ,slh dk;Zokgh dk vfHkys[k eaxk ldrk gS] ftlesa dksbZ vihy u gksrh gks ;k vihy gksrh gks] fdUrq u dh xbZ gks vkSj ;fn ,slk izrhr gks fd ,sls v/khuLFk jktLo U;k;ky; us &

iqujh{k.k

¼d½ ,slh vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx fd;k gS] tks mlesa fof/k }kjk fufgr ugha gS]( ;k

¼[k½ ,slh vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx djus esa vlQy jgk gS] tks bl izdkj fufgr gS( ;k

¼x½ viuh vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx djus esa voS/k :Ik ls ;k rkfRod vfu;ferrk ls dk;Z fd;k gS(

rks ;FkkfLFkfr ifj'kn~ ;k vk;qDr ;k vij vk;qDr ;k dysDVj ;k vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dk cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh] ,slk vkns"k ikfjr dj ldrk gS] tks og Bhd le>sA

¼2½ ;fn fdlh O;fDr }kjk bl /kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ vkosnu ;k rk s ifj'kn~ ;k vk;qDr ;k vij vk;qDr ;k dysDVj ;k vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ;k cUnkscLr vf/kdkjh ds ;gka izLrqr fd;k x;k gS rks mlh O;fDr dk dksbZ vkSj vkosnu muesa ls fdlh vU; ds }kjk xzg.k ugha fd;k tk;sxkAÀ

2

44

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 220&226À 220&& ¼1½ ifj'kn~ Lo;a ;k vius lnL;ksa }kjk] cUnkscLr ls lEcfU/kr] fn;s x;s fdlh vkns"k dk iqufoZyksdu dj ldrh gS vkSj mUgsa fo[kf.Mr ;k ifjofrZr dj ldrh gS vFkok mldh iqf'V dj ldrh gSa

ifj'kn~ dh vius vkns"kksa

,oa vkKfIr;ksa ds

iqufoZyksdu rFkk ifjorZu

djus dh "kfDRk

¼2½ vius }kjk vFkok vius fdlh lnL; }kjk U;kf;d :Ik ls ikfjr vkKfIr vkns"k dk ifj'kn~ }kjk bl izdkj iqufoZyksdu ugha fd;k tk;sxk] tc rd fd ekeys dk dksbZ i{kdkj vkKfIr ;k vkns"k ikfjr fd;s tkus ds 90 fnu ds Hkhrj ,slk djus ds fy, vkosnu&i= u ns] ;k ;fn ,slk vkosnu&i= ,slh vof/k ds ckn fn;k x;k gS rks vkosnu ifj'kn~ dks bl ckr ls larq'V dj ns fd ,slh vof/k ds Hkhrj vkosnu&i= u nsu s ds fy, mlds ikl Ik;kZIr dkj.k FkkA

¼3½ lnL; nwljs ds vkns"kksa dk ifjorZu djus ds fy, l"kDr ugha gS& ifj'kn~ ds lHkh ;k dqN vf/kdjksa ls ;qDr ,dy lnL; dks vius flok;] ifj'kn~ ;k mlds fdlh vU; lnL; }kjk ikfjr vkKfIr ;k vkns"k dks ifjofrZr djus ;k myVus dk vf/kdkj ugha gksxkA v/;k;&11

izdh.kZ

¼d½ "kfDRk;ka

221&& bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr vf/kdkj iznku djus esa] jkT; ljdkj O;fDr;ksa dks muds uke ls ;k in/kkjh ds oxZ dks lkekU; :Ik ls muds ljdkjh inukeksa ls vf/kdkj iznku dj ldrh gS vkSj ,sls fdlh vkns"k esa Q sjcny dj ldrh gS ;k mldks jn~n dj ldrh gSA

"kfDRk;ksa dk iznku fd;k tkuk

222&& tc dHkh jkT; ljdkj dh lsok esa in /kkj.k djus okyk dksbZ O;fDRk] ftls bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr vkxjk izkUr ;k vo/k ds fdlh ftys esa] dksbZ vf/kdkj iznku fd;s x;s gSa] mDr jkT; ds fdlh vU; ftys esa mlh izdf̀r ds leku ;k mPp in ij LFkkukUrfjr fd;k tkrk gS rks tc jkT; ljdkj vU;Fkk dksbZ funs"k u ns] ;g le>k tk;sxk fd ftl ftys esa og LFkkukUrfjr fd;k x;k gS ml ftys esa Hkh mls bl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr ogh vf/kdkj fufgr gSA

nwljs ftys esa LFkkukUrfjr

vf/kdkfj;ksa dh "kfDr

223&& jkT; ljdkj fdlh Hkh izFke Js.kh ds lgk;d dysDVj dks dysDVj ds lHkh ;k dqN vf/kdkj iznku dj ldrh gS vkSj bl izdkj iznŸk lHkh vf/kdkj ml ftys ds dysDVj ds fu;a=.k ds v/khu iz;ksx fd;s tk;saxsA

lgk;d dysDVj dks

dysDVj dh "kfDr;ksa ls

;qDr gksuk

224&& jkT; ljdkj fdlh rglhynkj dks lgk;d dysDVj izFke ;k f}rh; Js.kh ds lHkh ;k dqN vf/kdkj vkSj fdlh uk;c rglhynkj dks rglhynkj ;k lgk;d dysDVj f}rh; Js.kh ds lHkh ;k dqN vf/kdkj iznku dj ldrh gSA

rglhynkj vkSj uk;c

rglhynkj dks "kfDr;ksa

dk iznku fd;k tkuk

225&& bl vf/kfu;e ;k rRle; izoŸ̀k fdlh vU; vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr dysDVj] lgk;d dysDVj ds lHkh ;k dqN vf/kdkj dk iz;ksx dj ldrk gSA

dysDVj dks lgk;d

dysDVj dh lHkh "kfDr;ka

j[kus dh vf/kdkfjrk

226&& ø*******À

1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1& m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la[;k 01 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;kA

45

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 227&232À 227&& fdlh ftys ds ijxus ds izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj dks fuEufyf[kr vf/kdkj gksaxs %&

ijxus ds izHkkjh lgk;d

dysDVj dh "kfDr;ka

¿¼1½ f}rh; oxZ ds lgk;d dysDVj ;k rglhynkj dh leLr ;k fdUgha "kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djuk(À

2

¼2½ [kkrsnkj ;k xkao lHkk dks lhek fpUgksa dks cukus ;k ejEer djkus ds fy, cqykuk rFkk O;frdze djus ij mldk fuekZ.k ;k ejEer djkuk rFkk mldk O;; [kkrsnkjksa ;k /kkjk 29 ds vUrxZr xkao lHkkvksa ls olwy djuk(

¼3½ lhek ;k losZ{k.k fpUgksa dks {kfr igqapkus ds fy, tqekZuk djus vkSj dqN ekeyksa esa /kkjk 30 ds vUrxZr lhek ;k losZ{k.k fpUgksa ds ejEer ds izHkkjksa dks foHkkftr djuk( ¼4½ /kkjk 33 ds vUrxZr okf'kZd jftLVj esa ifjorZu ;k vkns"k djuk( ¼5½ ø******À

3

¼5&d½ /kkjk 39 ds vUrxZr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dh tkap djuk vkSj fu.kZ; djuk( ¼6½ ø******À

3

¼7½ /kkjk 37 ds vUrxZr ukekarj.k dk "kqYd vkSj /kkjk 38 ds vUrxZr tqekZuk mn~xzg.k djuk(

¼8½ /kkjk 40] 41 rFkk 43 ds vUrxZr fooknksa dk fu.kZ; djuk vkSj vkns"k ikfjr djuk(

¼9½ ls ¼17½ ø********À

3

¼18½ fdlh vU; vf/kdkfjrk vFkok izkf/kdkj] tks bl vf/kfu;e }kjk Li'V :Ik ls lgk;d dysDVj dks lkSik x;k gS] dk iz;ksx djukA

228&& lgk;d dysDVj izFke Js.kh] tks fdlh ftys ds ijxus dk izHkkjh ugha gS] ijxus ds izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj izFke Js.kh dks iznŸk lHkh ;k dqN "kfDRk;ksa dk iz;ksx ,sls ekeyksa ;k ekeyksa ds oxksZa esa dj ldrk gS] ftls dysDVj le;≤ ij fuiVkjs ds fy, mlds ikl HkstsA

lgk;d dysDVj izFke

Js.kh] tks ijxus dk izHkkjh

u gks] dh "kfDr;ka

229&& lgk;d dysDVj f}rh; Js.kh ,sls ekeyksa dh tkap djus ,oa ml ij vk[;k nsus ds fy, izkf/kdr̀ gS] tks fdlh ftys dk dysDVj ;k ijxus dk izHkkjh lgk;d dysDVj le;≤ ij tkap djus rFkk ml ij izfrosnu djus ds fy, mlds ikl HkstsA lgk;d dysDVj f}rh;

Js.kh dh "kfDRk;ka

230&& lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh ds fu;a=.k ds v/khu bl vf/kfu;e }kjk vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh dks iznŸk lHkh ;k fdlh vf/kdkj dk iz;ksx dj ldrk gSA

lgk;d vfHkys[k vf/kdkjh

dh "kfDr;ka

¿231&& tgka fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fdlh

"kfDRk dk iz;ksx ;k drZO; dk ikyu fd;k tkuk gS] ogka , slh "kfDRk dk iz;ksx ;k drZO; dk ikyu mlls ofj'B fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh }kjk Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSAÀ

4

v/khuLFk izkf/kdkjh dh

"kfDRk;ksa dk iz;ksx ofj'B vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk fd;k tkuk

232&& ø********À

1

1- m0iz0 vf/kfu;e la[;k 01o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;k A 2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 44 ¼d½ }kjk vUr%LFkkfirA 3- mi;qZDr dh /kkjk 44 ¼[k½ }kjk fujflrA

4- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 8 o'kZ 1977 dh /kkjk 69 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

46

øla;qDr izkUr Hkw&jkTkLo vf/kfu;e] 1901À ø/kkjk 233&234À ¼[k½ flfoy U;k;ky;ksa ds {ks=kf/kdkj

233&& dksbZ Hkh O;fDr fuEufyf[kr ekeyksa esa flfoy U;k;ky;ksa esa okn ;k vU; dk;Zokgh nk;j ugha djsxk %&

flfoy U;k;ky; ds

gLr{ksi ls oftZr ekeys

¼d½ ys[kiky ds gYdksa dh O;oLFkk(

¼[k½ /kkjk 23 rFkk 25 esa mfYyf[kr inksa ;k ,sls in ds osru] Qhl ds izfr ;k mlls oafpr fd;s tkus ;k ,sls inksa ij uketn u fd;s tkus ds izfr fdlh O;fDr dk nkok( ¼x½ ø****À

1

¼?k½ vf/kdkj vfHkys[k dh jpuk ;k rS;kjh] gLrkarj.k vFkok mlesa mfYyf[kr fdlh nLrkost dk lR;kiu ;k okf'kZd jftLVjksa dh rS;kjh(

¼M½ ø****À

1

¼x½ fu;e cukus dh "kfDRk ¿234&& ¼1½ ifj'kn~ jkT; ljdkj dh iwo Z Lohdf̀r ls] fuEufyf[kr lHkh ;k fdUgha fo'k;ksa ds lEcU/k esa] bl vf/kfu;e ls laxr fu;e cuk ldrh gS( vFkkZr~ %&& ifj'kn~ dh fu;e cukus

dh "kfDr

¼d½ rglhynkjksa rFkk uk;c rglhynkjksa ds drZO;ksa dks fu;r djuk vkSj muds rSukrh rFkk LFkkukUrj.k vkSj vLFkk;h fjfDr;ksa esa mudh fu;qfDRk;ksa dks fofu;fer djuk (

¼[k½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk, ;k j[ks x, vf/kdkj&vfHkys[kksa rFkk vU; vfHkys[kksa] uD"kksa] [kljksa] jftLVjksa rFkk lwfp;kas ds izi=] mudh vUroZLrq,a mUgsa rS;kj djus] vuqizekfk.kr djus rFkk vuqjf{kr djus dh jhfr fu;r djuk rFkk ml Hkwfe ds] ;fn dksbZ gks] izdkj dh fu;r djuk] ftlds lEcU/k esa /kkjk 32 ds v/khu ,slk vfHkys[k rS;kj djus dh vko";drk u gks(

¼x½ mŸkjkf/kdkjksa rFkk ladze.kksa dks vf/klwfpr u djus ij /kkjk 38 ds v/khu tqekZus dks vkjksi.k fofu;fer djuk(

¼?k½ mu [kpksZa dks fofu;fer djuk] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fdlh dk;Zokgh esa ;k mlds lEcU/k esa olwy fd;s tk ldrs gksa(

¼³½ fdlh ,sls vf/kdkjh ¼;k vU; O;fDr½ }kjk] ftlls bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fdlh okn ;k dk;Zokgh esa bl vf/kfu;e ds fdlh micU/k ds v/khu dk;Zokgh djus dh vis{kk dh tk; ;k tks ,slk djus ds fy, vf/kdr̀ gks] vuqlfjr dh tkus okyh izfdz;k dks fofu;fer djuk(

¼p½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fdlh okn ;k dk;Zokgh esa lHkh O;fDRk;ksa ds iFk&izn"kZu ds fy, vkSj ,sls okn ;k dk;Zokgh ds lEcU/k esa bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy, fu;e cukuk(

¼N½ jktLo U;k;ky; esa ;kfpdk&ys[kdksa ds :Ik esa dk;Z djus ds fy, O;fDRk;ksa dks ykblsal tkjh djus] ,sls O;fDRk;ksa ds dk;Z lapkyu rFkk muds }kjk fy, tkus okys "kqYdksa ds eku dks fofu;fer djuk rFkk ykblsal dh ,slh "krksZa rFkk fucU/kuksa dk mYya?ku djus ds fy, ykblsal dks jn~n djukA

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] bl /kkjk ds v/khu jkT; ljdkj ;k ifj'kn~ }kjk cuk;s x;s leLr fu;e] tks mŸkj izns"k Hkwfe fof/k ¼la"kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 1975 ds izkjEHk gksus ds fnukad ds Bhd iwoZ fo|eku Fks vkSj ,sls fnukad dks izoÙ̀k Fks] rc rd izoÙ̀k cus jgsa tc rd fd os fdlh l{ke izkf/kdkjh }kjk fujLr] la"kksf/kr ;k ifjofrZr u dj fn;s tk;aAÀ

2

1- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e l[;k 01 o'kZ 1951 }kjk yksi fd;k x;k A 2- m0 iz0 vf/kfu;e la0 30 o'kZ 1975 dh /kkjk 45 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA

47

THE UNITED PROVINCES LAND REVENUE ACT, 1901

1

[U.P. Act No. 03 of 1901] An

Act

to consolidate and amend the law relating to Land Revenue and the jurisdiction of Revenue officer in the united Provinces.

Whereas it is expedient to consolidate and amend the law relating to land revenue and the jurisdiction of Revenue Officers in Uttar Pradesh. it is hereby enacted as follows;

CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

Short title, extent and commencement

1. (1) This Act may be called the United Provinces Land Revenue Act, 1901.

(2) It extends to the whole of Uttar Pradesh except the areas specified in the First Schedule:

Provided that the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette extend the whole or any part of this Act to all or any of the areas so excepted subject to exceptions or modifications as it thinks fit:

Provided also that no provision of this Act which is inconsistent with the provisions of the Pargana of Kaswar Raja Act, 1915, shall apply to the Pargana of Kaswar Raja in the district of Banaras.

(3) It shall come into force on the first day of January, 1902. Repeal 2. (1) The enactments specified in the Second Schedule are repealed to the extent mentioned in the third column thereof.

(2) When this act or any portion thereof is extended with or without exception or modification to any of areas excepted in the First Schedule, so much of any Act or Regulation in force therein as is inconsistent with this Act, or the portion thereof as extended, as the case may be, shall be thereby repealed.

(3) The repeal of any enactment of this Act shall not legalize any practice which immediately before the passing of such enactment was illegal, and shall not revive any right, privilege, matter or thing not in force or existing at the commencement of this Act.

Saving 3. (1) All rules, appointments, assessments partitions, and transfers made, notifications, proclamations, and orders issued, authorities and powers conferred, farms granted, records-of-rights and other records framed, rights acquired and liabilities incurred, rents fixed, places and times appointed, and other things done under any of the enactments hereby repealed shall, so far as may be, be deemed to have been respectively made, issued, conferred, granted, framed, acquired, incurred, fixed, appointed and done under this Ac.

(2) Any enactment or document referring to any enactment hereby repealed, shall be construed to refer to this Act, or to the corresponding portion thereof.

1. Published by section 40 of Indian Council Act, 1861 on dated 21 December, 1901.

48

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 4] Definitions 4. In this Act, unless there be something repugnant in the subject or context- [(1) 'Ex-proprietary tenant', 'grant at a favourable rate of rent', 'grove', 'grove-holder', 'occupancy tenant', 'rent', 'rent-free grant', 'sir' and 'tenant' have the meanings assigned to them in the United Provinces Tenancy Act, 1939, subject to the following modifications:

(a) in the definition of 'Improvement' in sub-section (8) of Section 3 of the United Provinces Tenancy Act, 1939, the words 'with reference to a tenant's holding' shall be deemed to have been omitted;

(b) in the definition of 'rent' in sub-section (18) of Section 3, in the United Provinces Tenancy Act, 1939, the words "and in Chapter VII except when the contrary intention appears, include sayar" shall be deemed to have been omitted; and

(c) The term 'tenant' as defined in sub-section (23) of section 3 of the United Provinces Tenancy Act, 1939, shall be deemed not to include a 'thekadar'.]

(2) " Incumbrance" means a charge upon or claim against land arising out of private contract.

(3) "Lambardar" means a co-sharer of a mahal appointed under this Act to represent all or any of the co-sharers in that mahal;

(4) "Mahal" means-

(a) any local area held under a separate engagement for the payment of the land revenue:

Provided that-

(i) if such area consists of a Single village or portion of a village, a separate record-of-rights has been framed for such village or portion;

(ii) if such area consists of two or more villages or portions of villages, a separate record-of-rights has been framed either for the entire area, or for each of the villages or portions of villages included therein;

(b) any revenue-free area for which a separate record-of rights has been framed;

(c) for such purposes as the State Government may determine, any grant of land made heretofore or hereafter under the Waste Land Rules; and

(d) any other local area which the State Government may be general or special order declare to be a mahal;

(5) "Minor" means a person who, under Section 3 of the Indian Majority Act, 1875, has not attained his majority;

(6) [***]¹

49

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 5-6]

(7) "revenue" means land revenue;

(8) " Revenue Court" means all or any of the following authorities (that is to say), the Board and all members thereof, Commissioners, Additional Commissioners, Collectors, Additional Collectors, Assistant Collectors, Settlement Officers, Assistant Settlement Officers, Record Officers, and Assistant Record Officers and Tahsildars;

(9) "Revenue Officers" means any officer employed under this Act in maintaining revenue records, or in the business of the land revenue;

(10) "Revenue-free", when applied-to land, means land whereof the revenue has either wholly or in part been released, compounded for, redeemed, or assigned;

(11) "Settlement" means settlement of the land revenue;

(12) [***]¹

(13) "Sayar" means receipts arising from or on account of natural products, excluding stones and other minerals; and

(14) "Taluka" or " Taluqdari Mahal" means an estate in Oudh to which the provisions of the Oudh Estates Act 1 of 1869, apply; and

" Taluqdar" means the proprietor of such an estate;

(15) " Under-proprietor means in Oudh a person possessing a heritable and transferable right in land who is, or but for a judicial decision or contract would be, liable to pay rent therefore;

(16) "Sub-proprietor" in Agra means a person having an inferior but heritable and transferable proprietary interest in land, with whom a sub-settlement has been made under the provisions of this Act or of any other law for the time being in force;

(17) Any reference to any enactment shall be construed as a reference to that enactment as amended from time to time in its application to Uttar Pradesh, and, in the case of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, as reference to that Code, subject also to any annulments, alterations and additions to the rules contained in the First Schedule thereto made from time to time under Section 122 thereof by the High Court.

CHAPTER II

APPOINTMENTS AND JURISDICTION

[Controlling powers of State Govern- ment and

Board

respectively

5. Subject to the superintendence, direction and control of the State Government, the Board shall be the chief controlling authority in the matters provided under the Act, excepting matters relating to disposal of cases, [appeals]³and revisions.]² Appointment

of members of

the Board

6. The State Government shall Appoint the members of the Board.

1. Omitted by section 7 of U.P. Act No. 11 of 1941.

2 . Subs. by section 33 of U.P. Act No. 30 of 1975.

3. Subs by section 2 of UP Act no 20 of 1997.

50

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 7-12] Power to

distributed

business.

7. (1) Subject to such rules or orders as the State Government may prescribe or issue, the Board may distribute its business and make such territorial division of its jurisdiction amongst its members as to the Board may seem fit.

(2) All orders made or decrees passed by a member of the Board in accordance with such distribution or division shall be held to be the orders or decrees (as the case may be) of the Board.

Alteration or

reversal of the

judicial order.

8. [(1) Where a proceeding coming under the consideration of the Board on [appeal]³or in revision is heard by a Division Bench composed of two or more members, the case shall be decided in accordance with the opinion of such members of the majority, if any, of such members.]¹

(2) Where tire members constituting the Bench are equally divided in opinion as to the decision to be given on any point, the case shall be heard upon such point by one or more of other members and the point be decided according to the opinion of the majority of tire members who have heard tire case including those who first heard it.

Reference to

State Govern-

ment in case of

difference of

opinion.

9. When the members of the Board are equally divided in opinion as to any order to be made in the course of business connected with settlement the question regarding which there is such division of opinion, shall be referred for decision to the State Government.

Power to

authorize

member to

exercise power

of Board.

10. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act the State Government may authorize any member of the Board to perform or exercise, either generally or in respect of any particular locality, all or any of the duties and powers imposed and conferred on the Board.

Power to

create, alter

and abolish

divisions, dis-

tricts, Tahsil

and sub-

divisions.

11. (1) The State Government may create new or abolish existing divisions or districts.

(2) The State Government may alter the limits of any division, district, or Tahsil, and may create new or abolish existing Tahsil, and may divide any district into sub-divisions, and may after the limits of sub-divisions.

(3) Subject to the orders of the State Government under sub-section (2), all Tahsils shall be deemed to be sub-divisions of districts. Commissioner

of divisions

12. The State Government shall appoint in each division a Commissioner, who shall within his division exercise the powers and discharge the duties conferred and imposed on a Commissioner under this Act, or under any other law for the time being in force, and who shall exercise authority over all the revenue officers in his division.

1 . Subs. by section 34 of U.P. Act No. 30 of 1 975.

2. Sub. by section 3 of UP Act no 20 o 1997

51

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 13-18] Appointment,

power and

duties of

Additional

Commissioner

13 (1) The State Government may appoint Additional Commissioner in a division, or in two or more divisions combined

(2) An Additional Commissioner shall hold his office during the pleasure of the State Government.

(3) An Additional Commissioner shall exercise such powers and discharge such duties of a Commissioner in such cases or classes of cases as the State Government or in the absence of orders from the State Government the Commissioner concerned may direct.

(4) This Act and every other law for the time being applicable to a Commissioner shall apply to the Additional Commissioner, when exercising any powers or discharging any duties under sub-section (3), as if he were the Commissioner of the division.

Collector of

the District.

14. The State Government shall appoint in each district on officer who shall be the Collector of the district, and who shall throughout his district, exercise all the powers and discharge all the duties conferred and imposed on a Collector by this Act or any law for the time being in force.

Appointment

powers and

duties of

Additional

Collectors.

14-A (1) The State Government may appoint an Additional Collector in a district or in two or more districts combined.

(2) An Additional Collector shall hold his office during the pleasure of the State Government.

(3) An Additional Collector shall exercise such powers and discharge such duties of a Collector in such Case or Classes of cases as the Collector concerned may direct.

(4) This Act and every other law for the time being applicable to a Collector shall apply to every Additional Collector, when exercising any powers or discharging any duties under sub-section (3), as if he were the Collector of the district. Assistant

Collectors.

15. (1) The State Government may appoint to each district as many other persons as it thinks fit to be Assistant Collector of the first or second class.

(2) All such Assistant Collectors and all other revenue officers in the District, shall be subordinate to the Collector.

16. [***] Tahsildars and Naib-

Tahsildars.

17. The State Government may appoint to each district as many persons as it may think fit to be Tahsildars and Naib-Tahsildars.

[Sub-

Divisional

Officers and

Additional

Sub-Divisional

Officers.

18. (1) The State Government may place any Assistant Collector of the first class in- charge of one or more sub-divisions of a district, and may remove him therefrom.

(2) Such Assistant Collector shall be called an Assistant Collector in-charge if a sub-division of a district or a Sub-Divisional Officer and shall exercise all the powers and discharge all the duties conferred and imposed upon him be this Act or by any other law for the time being in force, subject to the control of the Collector.

1. Omitted by section 7 of U.P. Act No. 11 of 1941.

52

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 19-24]

(3) The State Government may designate any Assistant Collector of the first class appointed to a district to be Additional Sub-Divisional Officers in one or more-sub-divisions of the district.

(4) The Additional Sub-Divisional Officer shall exercise such powers and perform such duties of an Assistant Collector incharge of a sub-division of a district in such cases or classes of cases as the State Government may direct.

(5) The provisions of this Act and of every other law for the time being applicable to a Sub- Divisional Officer shall apply to every Additional Sub- Divisional officer when exercising any powers of the discharging any duties under sub-section (4) as if he were a Sub-Divisional Officers.

(6) The State Government may delegate its powers under this section to the Collector of the district any may revoke such delegation. Subordination

of Revenue

Officers.

53

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 25-30] Appointment

of Kanungos

25 One or more Kanungos may be appointed in each district for the proper supervision, maintenance, and correction of the annual registers, and for such other duties as the State Government may, from time to time, prescribe.

26. [Omitted]¹ Kanungos and Lekhpals to be public

servents, and their records public records.

27. Every Kanungo and Lekhpal and every person appointed temporaliy to discharge the dusties of any such officer shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of the Indian Penal Code and all official records and documents kept by any other officer shall be held to be public records and the property of the State Government.

(B) Maps

Maintenance of map and field-book.

28. The Collector shall in accordance with rules made under Section 234, maintain a map and field-book of each village in his district and shall cause annually, or at such longer intervals as the State Government may prescribe, to be recorded therein all changes in the boundaries of each village or field and shall correct any errors which are shown to have been made in such map or field-book. obligations of

owners as to

boundary

marks.

29. (1) It shall be the duty of every tenure-holder to maintain and keep in repair at his cost the permanent boundary marks lawfully erected on his fields.

(2) It shall be the duty of the Gaon Sabha to maintain and keep in repair at it cost the permanent boundary marks lawfully erected on the village situate within its jurisdiction.

(3) The Collector may at any time order, as the case may be, a Gaon Sabha or tenure-holder-

(a) to erect proper boundary marks on such villages or fields;

(b) to repair or renew in such form and nature as may be prescribed all boundary marks lawfully erected therin).

Penalty for

injury to, or

removal of,

marks.

30. The Collector may order any person convicted before him of willfully erasing, removing or damaging a boundary, or survey mark to pay such sum, not exceeding fifty rupees for each mark so erased, removed, or damaged, as may be necessary to restore it, and to reward the informer through whom the conviction was obtained. when such sum cannot be recovered, or if the offender cannot be discovered, the collector shall restore the mark and recover the cost thereof from such of tenure- holder or Gaon Sabhas of co-terminous fields of villages as the case may be as he thinks fit.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

54

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 31-33]

(C) Register

List of villages. -

31. The Collector shall prepare and maintain in the prescribed from a list of all villages and will show therein the prescribed manner, the areas -

(a) liable to fluvial action,

(b) having precarious cultivation, and

(c) the revenue whereof has either, wholly or in part been released, compounded, redeemed or assigned.

Such registers shall be revised every five years in accordance with the rules framed in that behalf.

Record- of-

rights.

32. There shall be a record-of-rights for each village subject to such exceptions as may be prescribed by rules made under the provisions of Section 234. The record- of-rights shall consist of a register of all persons cultivating or otherwise occupying land specifying the particulars required by Section 55. The annual

registers.

33. (1) The Collector shall maintain the record-of-rights, and for that purpose shall annually, or at such longer intervals as the State Government may prescribe, cause to be prepared an amended register mentioned in Section 32. The Register so prepared shall be called the annual register. [(2) The Collector shall cause to be recorded in the annual register-

(a) all successions and transfers in accordance with the provisions of Section 35; or

(b) other changes that may take place in respect of any land; and shall also correct all errors and omissions in accordance with the provisions of Section 39;

Provided that the power to record a change under clause (b) shall not be construed to include the power to decide a dispute involving any question of title.]¹

(3) No such change or transaction shall be recorded without the order of the Collector or as hereinafter provided, of the Tahsildar or the Kanungo.

(4) [The collector shall cause to be prepared and supplied to every person recorded as Bhumidhar, whether with or without transferable rights, Asami or Government Lesses a Kisan Bahi (Passbook) which shall contain-

(a) such extract from the annual register prepared under subsection (1) relating to all holdings of which he is so recorded (either solely or jointly with others);

(b) details of grants sanctioned to him; and

(c) such other particulars as may be prescribed:

Provided that in the case of joint holdings it shall be sufficient for the purpose of this sub-section of Kisan Bahi (pass book) is supplied to such one or more of the recorded co-sharers as may be prescribed.¹

1 - Subs. by section 35 of U.P. Act No. 30 of 1 975.

55

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 33A-34] ³(4-A) The Kisan Bahi (Pass book) referred to in sub-section (4) shall be prepared in such manner and on payment of such fee, which shall be realizable as arrears of land revenue, as may be prescribed.

(5) Every such person shall be entitled, without payment of any extra fee, to get any amendment made in the annual register under sub-section (2) incorporated in his Kisan Bahi (Pass book). ]³

(6) The State Government may make rules to carry out the purposes of this section, including, in particular, rules, prescribing the mode of reception in evidence, and of proof in judicial proceedings, of entries in the [ kisan Bahi (Pass Book)]⁴, and the mode of its revision and authentication up-to-date and for issue of duplicate copies thereof, and the fees, if any, to be charged for any of the said purposes.

(7) In this section, 'prescribed' means Prescribed by rules made by the state Government.

Nothing in sub-section (4) to (7) shall apply in relation to any area which is either under consolidation operation or under record operations.] [Correction of

annual

registers in

cases of

uncontested

successions.

33-A (1) where a person obtains possession of any land by succession, the Kanugno shall' make such enquiry as may be prescribed and if the case is not disputed record the same in the annual registers.

[(2) The Provisions of sub-section (1) shall mutatis mutandis apply-

(i) to a person, who has been admitted as a sirdar of any land under Section 195 of the Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950 before the commencement of the Uttar Pradesh Land Laws (Amendment) Act, 1977 or as a bhumidhar with non-transferable rights under the said section after such commencement, or as an asami of any land under Section 197 of the first mentioned Act,

(ii) to every settlement of land made under sub-section (3) of Section 27 of the Uttar Pradesh Imposition of ceiling on Land Holdings Act, 1960.]⁵ Report of

succession or

transfer of

possession.

34. [(1) Every person obtaining possession of any land by succession or transfer (other than a succession or transfer which has already been recorded under section 33-A), shall report such succession or transfer to the Tahsildar of the Tahsil in which the land is situate.]¹

(2) [Omitted.]² -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 - Subs section 37(a) of UP Act no 30 of 1 975.

2 - Omitted by 37(b) of Above Act no. 3- Subs, section 2(a) UP Act no 23 of 1992. 4- Subs section 2(b) of above act no. 5- Sub. by section 2 of UP Act no. 23 of 1986.

56

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 35-39]

(3) [***]¹

(4) If the person so succeeding, or otherwise obtaining possession, is a minor or otherwise disqualified, the guardian or other person who has charge of this property shall make the report required by this section.

(5) No Revenue Court shall entertain a suit or application by the person so succeeding or otherwise obtaining possession until such person has made the report required by this section.

[Explanation. - For the purposes of this section, the word 'transfer' includes-

(i) a family settlement by which the holding or part of the holding recorded in the record-of-rights in the name of one or more members of that family is declared to belong to another or other members; or

(ii) an exchange of holding or part thereof under Section 161 of the Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950.] [Procedure on

report.

35. On receiving a report of succession or transfer under Section 34, or upon facts otherwise coming to his knowledge, the Tahsildar shall make such inquiry as appears necessary, and if the succession or transfer appears to have taken place, he shall direct the annual registers to be amended accordingly.]²

36. [***]¹ Power to prescribe fees for mutation.

37. (1) The State Government may prescribe proper fees for mutation in the registers:

Fine for

neglect to

report.

38. Any person neglecting to make the report required by Section 34 within three months from the date of obtaining possession under a lease, or form the date of the succession or other transfer, shall be liable to a fine not exceeding five times the amount of the fee which would otherwise have been payable under Section 37, or when no fee is leviable, then not exceeding such amount as the State Government may by rule prescribe.

[Correction of

mistakes in the

annual

register.

39. (1) An application for correction of any error or omission in the annual register shall be made to the Tahsildar.

(2) On receiving an application under sub-section (1) or any error or omission in the annual register coming to his knowledge otherwise, the Tahsildar shall make such inquiry as appears necessary and then refer the case to the Collector, who shall dispose it of, after deciding the dispute in accordance with the provisions of Section 40.]²

.

------------------------------------------------------------------

1 -Onit by UP Act no 1 of 1 951 .

2 - Subs 37(c) of UP Act no 30 of 1975.

57

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 40-42] [Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall be construed to empower the Collector to decide a dispute involving any question of title.]²

(3) The provisions of sub-sections (1) and (2) shall prevail, notwithstanding anything contained in the U.P. Panchayat Raj Act, 1947 Settlement of

disputes as to

entries in annual

register.

40. (1) All disputes regarding entries in the annual registers shall be decided on the basis of possession.

(2) If in the course of inquiry into a dispute under this section the Collector or the Tahsildar is unable to satisfy himself as to which party is in possession, he shall ascertain by summary inquiry who is the person best entitled to the property and shall put such peson in possession

(3) [Deleted]¹ [Saving as to title suits. 40-A No order passed under Section 33, Section 35, Section 39, Section 40, Section 41 or Section 54 shall bar any suit in a competent Court for relief on the basis of a right in a holding.

Settlement of

boundary

disputes.

41. (1) All disputes regarding boundaries shall be decided as far as possible on the basis of existing survey maps, but if this is not possible, the boundaries shall be fixed on the basis of actual possession.

(2) if, in the course of an inquiry into a dispute under this section, the Collector is unable to satisfy himself as to which party is in possession, or if it shown that possession has been obtained by wrongful dispossession of the lawful occupants of the property within a period of three months previous to the commencement of the inquiry, the Collector-

(b) in the first case shall ascertain by summary inquiry who is the person best entitled to the property, and shall put such person in possession;

(c) in the second case, shall put the person so dispossessed in possession ; and shall then fix the boundary accordingly.

41-A [Omitted]¹

42. [Omitted]¹ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 - omitted by UP Act no 1 of 1 951 .

2- Subs. 39 of UP Act no 30 of 1975.

58

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 43-

50]

Procedure when rent payable is disputed.

43. In case of any dispute regarding the revenue or rent payable by any tenure-holder, the Collector shall not decide this dispute, but shall record as payable for the year to which the annual register refers the revenue or rent payable for the previous year, unless it has been enhanced or abated by an order or agreement under this Act, or the United Provinces Tenancy Act, 1939, or the Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1951.

Presumption

as to entries in

the annual

register.

44. All entries in the annual register shall, until contrary is proved, be presumed to be true.

45. [Omitted]¹ Obligation to furnish

information necessary for the preparation of records.

46. Any person whose rights, interests or liabilities are required by any enactment for the time being in force or by any rule made under any such enactment, to be entered in any official register by a Kanungo or Lekhpal shall be bound to furnish, on the requisition of the Kanungo or Lekhpal or of any revenue officer engaged in compiling the register, all information necessary for the correct compilation thereof. Inspection of

recodes.

47. All maps, field-book and registers kept under this Act shall be open to public inspection at such hours and on such conditions as to fees or otherwise as the State Government may prescribe.

Chapter -IV Revision of Maps and Records

Notification of record

operations.

48. If the State Government thinks that, in any district or other local area a general or partial revision of the records or a re-survey, or both, should be made, it shall publish a notification to that effect.

Effect to notification- And every such local area shall be held to be under record or survey operations, or both, as the case may be, from the date of the notification until the issue of another notification declaring the operations to be closed therein. Record

officers.

49. The State Government may appoint an officer, hereinafter called the Record Officer, to be incharge of the record operations or the survey, or both, as the case may be, in any local area and as many Assistant Record Officers, as to it may seem fit, and such officers shall exercise all the powers conferred on them by this Act so long as such local area is under record or survey operations, as the case may be.

2 [Powers of Record Officer as to erection of boundary marks.

50. When any local area is under survey operations the Record Officer may issue a proclamation directing all Gaon Sabha and bhumidhars to erect, within fifteen days such boundary marks, as he may think necessary to define the limits of the villages and fields and in default of their compliance within the time specified in the proclamation, he may cause such boundary marks to be erected, and the Collector shall recover the cost of their erection from the Gaon Sabhas of Bhumidhars concerned.]² -------------------------------------------------------------

59

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 51-54] Decision of

disputes.

51. In case of any dispute concerning any boundaries, the Record officer shall decides such dispute in the manner prescribed in Section 41.

Records to be

prepared in re-

survey.

52. When any local area is under survey operations the Record Officer shall prepare for each village therein a map and field-book, which shall thereafter be maintained by the Collector as provided by Section 28, instead of the map and field-book previously existing.

Preparation of

new record of

rights.

53. Where any local area is under record operation, the Record Officer shall frame for each village therein the record specified in Section 32 and the record so framed shall thereafter be maintained by the Collector, instead of the record previously maintained under Section 33.

Undisputed

entries and

disposal of

disputes

regarding

entries by

Record

Officer.

54. (1) for revising the map and records under this Chapter, the Record officer shall, subject to the provisions hereinafter contained, cause to be carried out survey, map correction, field to field partal and test and verification of current annual register in accordance with the procedure prescribed.

(2) After the test and verification of the current annual register in accordance with sub-section (1), the Naib-Tahsildar shall correct clerical mistakes and errors, if any, in such register, and shall cause to be issued to the concerned tenure-holder and other persons interested, notices containing relevant extracts from the current annual register and such other records as may be prescribed, showing their rights and liabilities in relation to land and mistakes and disputes discovered during the operations mentioned in the said sub-section.

(3) Any person to whom notice under sub-section (2) has been issued may, within twenty-one days of the receipt of notice, file before the Naib-Tahsildar objection in respect thereof disputing the correctness or nature of the entries in such records or extracts.

(4) Any person interested in the land may also file objection before the Naib- Tahsildar at any time before the dispute is settled in accordance with sub-section (5), or before the Assistant Record Officer, at any time before the objections are decided in accordance with sub-section (6).

(5) The Naib-Tahsildar shall—

(a) where objections are filed in accordance with sub-section (3) or sub-section

(4) after hearing the parties concerned; and

(b) in any other case after making such inquiry as he may deem necessary; Correct the mistake, and settle the dispute, by conciliation between the parties appearing before him, and pass orders on the basis of such conciliation.

(6) The record of all cases which cannot be disposed of by the Naib-Tahsildar by conciliation as required by sub-section (5), shall be forwarded to the Assistant Records Officer who shall dispose of the same, in accordance with the provisions of Sections 40, 41 or 43, as the case may be, and where the dispute involves a question of title, he shall decide the same after a summary inquiry.

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[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 55-57]

(7) Where after the summary inquiry under sub-section (6), the Assistant Record Officer is satisfied that the land in dispute belongs to the State Government or a local authority, he shall cause the person in unauthorized occupation of such land to be evicted and may for that purpose use or cause to be used such force as may be necessary.

(8) Every order of the Assistant Record Officer-

(a) made under sub-section (6) shall, subject to the provisions of Sections 210 and 219, be final;

(b) made under sub-section (7) shall subject to the result of any suit which the aggrieved person may file in any Court of competent jurisdiction, be final].¹

Particulars to be stated in the list of cultivators.

55. The register of persons cultivating or otherwise occupying land specified in section 32 shall specify as to each tenure-holder the following particulars:

(a) the class of tenure as determined by the Uttar Pradesh Zamindari and Land Reforms Act, 1951,

(b) The revenue or rent payable by the tenure-holder, and

(c) and other conditions of tenure which the [State Government] may by rules made under Section 234 require to be recoded. Explanation.- For the purposes of this section the year for which the register is prepared shall be reckoned as a complete year.

56. [***]² Presumption as to entries.

57. All entries in the record-of-rights prepared in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter shall be presumed to be true until the contrary is prove; and all decisions under this Chapter in cases of dispute shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3) of Section 40, be binding on all Revenue Courts in respect of the Subject-matter of such disputes; but no such entry or decision shall affect the right of any person to claim and establish in the Civil Court any interest in land which requires to be recorded in the registers prescribed by Section 32.

CHAPTER 5- to CHAPTER 8

[X X X]³

61

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 189-

193]

CHAPTER IX

PROCEDURE OF REVENUE COURTS AND REVENUE OFFICERS

Place for holding Court.

189. A Commissioner may hold his Court at any place within his division. An Additionla Commissioner may hold his Court at any place within the division to which he is appointed.

A Collector, Additionla Collector an Assistant Collector (whether in charge or not of a sub-division of a district), a Record Officer, an Assistant Record Officer, a Settlement Officer or an Assistant Settlement Officer, may hold his Court at any place within the district to which he is appointed A Tahsildar may hold his court at any place within his tahsil. Power to enter

upon and survey

land.

190. The Collector Settlement Officer, Record Officer, and their assistants; subordinates servants, agents and workmen may enter upon the survey land, and demarcate boundaries and do all acts necessary for any purpose conncected with their duties, under this or any other Act. Power of Board or

Commissioner to

transfer cases.

191. ¿The Board or a Commissioner may transfer any case or proceeding arising under the provisions of this Act, including a partition case, from any subordinate Revenue Court or Revenue Officer to any other Court or officer competent to deal therewith.À¹

Power to transfer

cases to and from

subordinates.

192. The Collector, an Assistant Collector in charge of a sub-division of district, a Tahsildar, a Record Officer, or a Settlement Officer may make over any case or class of cases arising under the provisions of this Act or otherwise, for inquiry or decision, from is own file to any of his subordinates competent to deal with such case or class of cases;

or may withdraw any case or class of cases from any Revenue Officer subordinate to him and may deal with such case or class of cases himself or refer the same for disposal to any other such Revenue Officer competent to deal therewith.

Consolidation of

cases.

192.A Where more cases than one involving substantially the same question for determination and based on the same cause of action are pending in one or more court they shall, on application being made by any party to the Court to which the Court or Courts concerned are all subordinate, be consolidated in one court and decided by a single judgment. Such cases may be filed direct in the superior Court.

Power to summon

persons to give

evidence and

produce

documents.

193. Any Revenue Court may summon any person whose attendance it considers necessary for the purpose of any investigation, suit or other business before it. ----------------------------------------------------------------------

62

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 194-

199]

All persons so summoned shall be bound to attend, either in person or by an authorized agent, as such Court may direct, and to state the truth upon any subject respecting which they are examined or make statements. And to produce such documents and other things as may be required:

Provided that persons exempt from personal attendance in the Civil Court under Section 132 and 133 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908) Shall subject to the provisions of those sections, be exempt from personal attendance under this section.

Procedure in

case of non-

compliance

with summons.

194. If any person, on whom a summons to give evidence or produce a document has been served, fails to comply with the summons, the officer by whom the summons has been issued may exercise the powers cocnferred on Civil Courts by Order XVI, Rules 10 to 13,17 and 18 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

Summons to

be writing,

signed and

sealed.

195. Every summons shall be in writing onn duplicate, and shall be signed and sealed by the officer issuing it, or by such person as he empowers in this behalf.

Mode of serving summons- Service in district other then that of issue-And shall be served by tendering or delivering a copy of it to the person summoned, of, if he cannot be found, by affixing a copy of it to some conspicuous part of the usual residence and if such person resides in another district, the summons may be sent by post to the Collector of that district for service.

Mode of

serving notice.

196. Every notice under this Act may be served either by tendering, delivering or sending a copy thereof by post, in a cover registered under the Indian Post Offices Act, 1898, to the person on whom it is to be served; or if such persons is a proprietor of land, to his agent;

or by affixing a copy thereof at some place of public resort onn or adjacent to the land to which such notice refers.

Mode of

issuing

proclamations.

197. Whenever a proclamation is issued under this Act copies thereof shall be posted in the Court-house of the officer issuing it, at the headquarters of the Tahsil within which the land to which it refers is situated, and at some place of public resort on or adjacent to the Land to which it refers; and if the officer issuing it so directs, the proclamation shall be further publishing by beat of drum on or near the land to which it refers.

Notice and

proclamation

not void for

error.

198. No notice or proclamation shall be deemed void on account of any error in the name or designation of any person or in the description of any land referred to therein, unless such error has produced substantial in injustice. Procedure for 199. If in any proceeding of a judicial nature pending before any Revenue Court,

63

procuring attendance of witnesses. either party desires the attendance of witnesses, he shall follow the procedure prescribed by the Order XVI, Rules 2 to 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 200-

206]

Hearing in absence of party.

200. Whenever any party to such proceeding neglects to attend on the day specified in the summons or on any day to which the case may have been postponed, the Court may dismiss the case for default or may hear and determine it exparte.

No appeal

from orders

passed ex parte

or by default.

201. No appeal shall lie from an order passed under Section 200 exparte or by default.

Re-hearing on proof of good cause for non-appearance.-

But in all such cases, if the party against whom judgment has been given appears either in person or by agent (if a plaintiff, within fifteen days from the date of such order, and if a defendant, within fifteen days after such order has been communicated to him, or after any process for enforcing the judgment has been executed or at any earlier period), and shows good cause for his non-appearance, and satisfies the officer making the order that there has been a failure of justice, such officer may, upon such terms as to costs or otherwise as he thinks proper, revive the case and alter or rescind the order according to the justice of the case:

Order not to be altered without summons to adverse party.- Provided that no such order shall be reversed or altered without previously summoning the party in whose favour judgment has been given to appear and be heard in support of it.

Correction of

error or

Omission.

202. Any Court of officer by whom an order has been passed in any proceeding under this Act may, within ninety days of such order, either of his own motion or on the application of a party, correct any error or omission, not affecting a material part of the case, after such notice to the parties as may be necessary.

Power to refer

disputes to

arbitration.

203. The Board, a Commissioner, an Additional Commissioner, a Collector, Additional Collector, an Assistant Collector of the first class, a Record Officer or an Assistant Record Officer, a Settlement Officer or an Assistant Settlement Officer, may, with the consent of the parties, by order refer any dispute before it, or him, to arbitration.

Procedure in

cases referred

to arbitration.

204. In all cases of reference to arbitration under Section 203, the provisions of the Arbitration Act, 1940, shall apply so far as they are not inconsistent with anything this Act.

Application to

set aside

award.

205. Any application to set aside an award shall be made within ten days after the day appointed for hearing the award.

Decision 206. If the officer making the reference does not see cause to remit the award or

64

according to award.

any of the reference does not see cause to remit the award or any of the matters referred to arbitration for reconsideration, and if no application has been made to set aside the award, or if he has refused such application, he shall decide in accordance with the award, or if the award has been submitted to him in the form of a special case, according to his own opinion in such case.

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 207-

213]

Bar to appeal and suit in Civil Court.

207. Such decision shall be at once carried out, and shall not be open to appeal unless the decision is in excess of, or not in accordance with, the award or unless the decision is impugned on the ground that there is no valid award in law, or in fact; and no person shall institute any suit in the Civil Court for the purpose of setting it aside or against the arbitrators on account of their award. Recovery of

fines and

costs.

208. All fees, fines, costs, other than costs between party and party, and other moneys ordered to be paid under this Act shall be recoverable as if they were an arrear of revenue.

A Revenue Court shall have power, subject to any special provisions in this Act, to give and apportion costs due under this Act in any proceedings before it in such manner as it thinks fit:

Provided that when land is sold under this section for moneys not payable to the Government, the provisions of Section 161 shall not apply to such sale. Delivery of

possession of

immovable

property.

2 09. When an order is made that a person be put in possession of any immovable property, the officer making the order may deliver over possession in the same manner, and with the same powers in regard to all contempts, resistance and the like, as may be lawfully exercised by the Civil Courts, in execution of their own decrees.

Chapter X [Appeal and Revision]³

Courts to which appeals lie.

2 10. (1) Appeal shall lie under this Act as follows:

(a) To the Record officer from orders passed by any Assistant Record Officer;

(b) (i) to the Commissioner from orders passed by a Collector or an Assistant Collector first class or Assistant Collector in charge of sub-division.

(ii) to the Collector from orders passed by an Assistant Collector second class or Tahsildar.

(c)²[Deleted

(2) [Deleted

(3) [Deleted

(4) [Deleted

(5) [Deleted]²

(6) No appeal shall lie against an order passed under Section 28, 33, 39, or 40]. First appeal. 211. Unless an order is expressly made final by this Act, an appeal shall lie to the Court authorized under Section 210 to hear the same from every original order passed in any proceedings held under the provisions of this Act.

65

212. [***]²

213. [***]¹ ------------------------------------------------------------

1 -omitt by Up Act no 20 of 1 954.

2-omitt by UP Act no 1 of 1951. 3-Subs by section 4 of UP Act no 20 of 1997. [The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 214-

219]

Terms of appeal registered

214. No appeal shall be brought after the expiration of 30 days from the date of the order complained of, unless otherwise expressly provided in this Act. Appeal against order

admitting an appeal

215. No appeal shall lie against an order admitting an appeal on the grounds specified in Section 5 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908. Powers of Appellate

Court.

216 (1) The Appellate Court may either admit or summarily reject the appeal.

(2) If it admits the appeal, it may reverse, very or confirm the order appealed against;

Power to suspend

execution of order

of lower Court.

217. when an appeal is admitted the Appellate Court may, pending the result of appeal, direct the execution of the order of the lower Court to be stayed.

218. [Omitted]¹ 2 [Revision. 219. (1) The Board or the Commissioner or Additional Commissioner or the Collector or the Record Officer, or the Settlement Officer, may call for the record of any case decided or proceeding held by any Revenue Court subordinate to him I which no appeal lies or where an appeal lies but has not been preferred, for the purpose of satisfying himself as to the legality or propriety of the order passed or proceeding held and if such subordinate Revenue Court appears to have-

(a) exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it by law, or

(b) failed to exercise a jurisdiction so vested , or

(c) acted in the exercise of jurisdiction illegally or with material irregularity,

The Board or the Commissioner or the Additional Commissioner or the Collector or the Record Officer, or the Settlement Officer, as the case may be, pass such order in the case as he thinks fit.

66

(2) If an application under this section has been moved by any person either to the Board, or to the Commissioner, or to the Additional Commissioner, or the Collector or to the Record Officer or to the Settlement Officer, no further application by the same person shall be entertained by any other of them.]²

----------------------------------------------------------

1- omitted by section 5 of UP Act no 20 of 1997. 2- Subs. by section 6 of above Act no.

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 220-

226]

Power of Board to review and alter its order and decrees.

220. (1) The Board may review, and may rescind, alter or confirm any order made by itself or by any of its members in the course of business connected with settlement.

(2) No decree or order passed judicially by it or by any of its members shall be so reviewed except on the application of a party to the case made within a period of ninety days from the passing of the decree or order, or made after such period if the applicant satisfies the Board that he had sufficient cause for not making the application within such period.

(3) Members not empowered to alter each other's orders.- A single member vested with all or any of the powers of the Board shall not have power to alter or reverse a decree or order passed by the Board or by any member other than himself.

CHAPTER XI

MISCELLANEOUS

(A) POWERS

Conferring of powers.

221. In conferring powers under this Act, the State Government may empower persons by name, or classes of officials generally, by their official titles, and may vary or cancel any such order.

Powers of offices

transferred to

another district.

222. Whenever any person holding an office in the service of the Government who has been invested with any powers under this Act in any district in the Agra Province or Oudh, is transferred to an equal or higher office of the same nature in any other district in he shall unless the State Government otherwise directs, be held to which he is transferred.

Investment of

Assistant

Collector with

powers of

Collector.

223. The State Government may confer on any Assistant Collector of the first class all or any of the powers of a Collector, and all powers so conferred shall be exercised subject to the control of the Collector of the district. Conferring of

powers on

Tahsildars and

naibTahsildars.

67

Collector to have all powers of an Assistant

Collector.

225. The Collector may exercise all or any of the powers of an Assistant Collector under this or any other Act for the time being in force.

226. [***]¹ --------------------------------------------------------

1-Omitted by UP Act no 1 of 1951.

[The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 227-

232]

Powers of an Assistant Collector in charge of

subdivision.

227. An Assistant Collector in charge of a sub-division of a district shall, as such have the following powers:

[(1) to exercise all or any of the powers of an Assistant Collector of the Second Class or a Tahsildar;]²

(2) To call on owners to erect or repair boundary marks, and in default, to erect or repair and charge the cost to tenure-holders or Gaon Sabhas under Section 29;

(3) to fine for injuries to boundary or survey marks, and in certain cases apportion the charges of repairing boundary or survey marks under Section 30;

(4) to order alterations in the annual registers, under Section 33; [(5)] [Omitted]³

[(5a) to enquire into and decide applications made under Section 39. [(6)] [Deleted]³

(7) To levy fees for mutation under Section 37, and fines, under Section 38.

(8) To decide disputes and to pass orders, under Sections 40, 41 and 43; [(9) to (17) [Deleted]³

(18) to exercise any other jurisdiction or authority which by this Act is expressly conferred on Assistant Collectors.

Powers of an

Assistant Collector

of first class not in

charge of a sub-

division.

228. An Assistant Collector of the first class not in charge of a sub-division of a district shall exercise all or any of the powers conferred on an Assistant Collector of the first class in charge of a sub-division in such cases or class of cases as the Collector may, from time to time, refer to him for disposal. Powers of

Assistant

Collectors of

second class.

229. Assistant Collectors of the second class shall have power to investigate and report on such cases as the Collector or Assistant Collector in-charge of a sub-division of a district may, from time to time commit to them for

68

investigation and report. Powers of

Assistant Record

Officers.

230. An Assistant Record Officer may, subject to the control of the Record Officer, exercise all or any of the powers conferred by this Act on Record Officers.

Powers of

subordinate

authority to be

exercised by

superior authority.

[231. Where any powers are to be exercised or duties to be performed by any officer or authority under this Act, such powers or duties may also be exercised or performed by an officer or authority superior to him or it.]⁴

232. [Omitted]¹ -------------------------------------------------------------

1 - Omitted by UP Act no 01 of 1 951 .

2- Inserted by section 44(a) of UP Act no 30 of 1975. 3- omitted by section 44(b) above Act no. 4- Sub section 69 of UP Act no 8 of 1977. [The Uttar Pradesh Land Revenue Act, 1901] [Section 233-

234]

(B) Jurisdiction of civil courts

Matters excepted from cognizance of Civil Courts.

233 No person shall institute any suit or other proceeding in the Civil Court with respect to any of the following matters:

(a) The arrangement of Lekpals Halkas

(b) Claims by any person to any of the offices mentioned in Section 23 and 25, or to any emolument or fees appertaining such office, or in respect of any injury caused by his exclusion therefrom, or claims by any person to nominate person to such offices;

[(c) [***]¹

(d) the formation of the record-or-righs or the preparation, signing, or attestation of any of the documents contained therein, or the preparation of the annual registers; [(e) to (m).[***]¹

(c) Power to make rules

Power of Board to make rules.

234. [(1) The Board may, with the previous sanction of the State Government, make rules consistent with this Act in respect of all or any of the following matters, namely:

(a) Prescribing the duties of Tahsildars and Naib-Tahsildars and regulating their postings and transfers and their appointment in temporary vacancies;

(b) Prescribing the forms, methods of preparation, attestation and maintenance of the record-of-rights and other records, maps, field books registers, and lists made or kept under this Act and prescribing the kind of land, if any, in respect of which any such record need not be prepared under Section 32;

(c) Regulating the imposition of lines, under Section 38 for failure to notify successions and transfers.

(d) Regulating the costs which may be recovered in or in respect of any proceeding under this Act;

(e) Regulating the procedure to be followed by any officer (or other person), who under any provision of this Act is required or empowered to take action in any

69

case or proceeding under this Act;

(f) Generally for the guidance of all persons in a case or proceeding under this Act, and for carrying out the provisions of this Act in respect of such case or proceeding;

(g) Regulating the issue of licences to persons to act as petition writers in the Revenue Courts, the conduct of business by such persons and the scale of fees